Kerala Planned Development

Planned Development: Meaning and Necessity

When India got independence, it was mainly dependent on the agriculture. Any economy cannot achieve sustain Growth based on the agriculture. Industrial base was very slender at that time. There was widespread POVERTY and Unemployment due to the partition process which weakened the economic backbone of the country. Earlier British looted India for many years. So when India got freedom it was in miserable condition. It was immediate requirement to adopt such a development model which can ensure the overall growth of the country in future.

When our constitution was adopted the protection and development policies are well defined in constitution. The birth of Five Year Plan was for the same purpose of development. In the Constitution the basic objectives were set forth as “The Directive Principles of State Policy“. Among those ‘Directive Principles’ were those

“The State shall strive to promote the welfare of the people by securing and protecting, as effectively as it may, a social order in which Justice, social, economic and political, shall inform all the institutions of national life”.

Further that—

“The State shall, in particular, direct its policy towards securing—

that the citizens, men and Women equally, have the right to an adequate means of livelihood;
that the ownership and control of the material Resources of the community are so distributed as best to sub serve the common good;
that the operation of the economic system does not result in the concentration of wealth and means of production to the common detriment.”

These general principles were given a more precise direction in December, 1954, when Parliament adopted the ‘socialist pattern of Society‘ as the objective of social and economic policy. This concept, which embodies the values of Socialism and Democracy and the approach of planned development, involved no sudden change, and had its roots deep in India’s struggle for freedom.

Thus, planned development was the means for securing with the utmost speed possible, a high rate of growth, reconstructing the institutions of economic and social life and harnessing the energies of the people to the tasks of national development.

Planned Development-Kerala:

In Kerala more than 65% people were engaged in agriculture from the beginning. The another reason was the lack of developed Infrastructure-2/”>INFRASTRUCTURE in the beginning and lack of mineral prevents the industrial growth of the state. Later entrepreneur set up was developed in agriculture sector. New Investment was made in IT sector. Here development process of all the sectors are briefed below-

Agriculture:

From the beginning state has been dependent on agriculture. State produces rice, black pepper, natural rubber, coconut, tea, coffee, cashew and spices like cardamom, vanilla, cinnamon and nutmeg. Kerala alone produces 97% black pepper and 85% rubber of the total production of the country.

In 1970 availability of rice are widespread in the country resulting in the fall of the production of rice in state. So Seasonal Crops and perennial tree crops are preferred over the production of the rice.

During 2015-16, the Government of Kerala announced plans to establish 150 production units under Coir Udyami Yojana, 600 units under Mahila Coir Yojana and 5 units under the Development of Production Infrastructure scheme.

Tourism:

Kerala is one of the most favourite destinations in India. In 2012 Kerala is named as “ten paradise of the world” and “50 must see destination of a lifetime” by the National Geographic Traveller magazine.

Kerala remains very beautiful destination from the beginning and development took place in terms of infrastructure, cleanness, maintenance and rejuvenation of the beaches and historic places over the years. Here beaches, water falls, lakes, mountain range, greenery, wildlife sanctuaries, ancient places and religious places are the major attraction for the tourists.

In the early days Kerala was unknown to both national and international tourists. Proper Marketing and proper policies adopted by the State Government positioned the state on the first rank. In 1986 Kerala was the first state who declared tourism as important Industry and used the tag line like “God’s own country” to attract the tourist.

Education:

Education played major role in the development of Kerala. Kerala is the state holding first position in Literacy. There is previous history of development of the state which helps the state in gaining the better gender Equity also.

A major policy reform of the educational system in Kerala was the introduction of the Kerala Education Rules in 1959. This was mainly to put an end to the growth of Corruption in the appointment of teachers, admission of students and management of schools in the private sector. It was intended to implement nationally accepted reforms in school administration and management. Special education efforts were made for the reserved class students.

Industry:

The sluggish growth of the manufacturing sector in Kerala in the post-independence period when the country was embarked on a path of rapid industrialisation and the state was under severe pressure to generate productive EMPLOYMENT opportunities. Lack of Minerals like coal and iron was the main reason for the industrial growth.

The major developed industries were agriculture product based like coir, oil milling, tile making and cashew industry. Over the period of time there have been development of new industries and development of existing industries have been taken place. IT firms invested in the state. Productivity increases by the adoption of new technologies. As of July 2016, Kerala has nine operational IT/ITeS SEZs which are located in Kakkanad, Thiruvanthapuram, Pallipuram Village, etc. Leading IT companies such as TCS, Infosys and UST are providing job opportunities and the industry is expected to add 23,500 new jobs by 2017.

Tourism is the key factor affecting and prompting the state economy. Due to tourism itself, Kerala became the state of the highest consumption of alcohols. Today Kerala is among top choices of visitors.

As per budget 2016-17, the Government of Kerala proposed an outlay of US$ 2.13 million for khadi and village industries. Moreover, the Kerala Khadi and Village Industries Board has been provided with a financial assistance of US$ 152.76 thousand for the establishment of Gandhi-Khadi Museum at Payyannur,,

Kerala is a state in India that has been at the forefront of planned development. The state has a long history of social and Economic Reforms, and its development plans have been widely praised for their success.

Kerala’s planned development began in the early 1950s, when the state government adopted a five-year plan. The plan focused on improving the state’s infrastructure, education, and Health care systems. It also aimed to reduce poverty and inequality.

The state’s development plans have been successful in achieving many of their goals. Kerala has one of the highest literacy rates in India, and its health care system is among the best in the world. The state has also made significant progress in reducing poverty and inequality.

Kerala’s success in planned development is due to a number of factors. The state has a strong commitment to social justice, and its development plans have been designed to benefit all of its citizens. The state also has a well-educated and skilled workforce, and its infrastructure is relatively well-developed.

Kerala’s planned development has had a positive impact on the state’s economy. The state has experienced rapid economic growth in recent years, and its per capita income is now among the highest in India. The state has also made significant progress in reducing unemployment.

Kerala’s planned development has also had a positive impact on the state’s Environment. The state has a long history of environmental protection, and its development plans have been designed to minimize the impact on the environment. The state has also made significant progress in reducing pollution.

Kerala’s planned development is an example of how a state can achieve rapid economic and social progress. The state’s development plans have been successful in achieving many of their goals, and they have had a positive impact on the state’s economy, environment, and society.

Here are some specific examples of Kerala’s success in planned development:

Kerala has one of the highest literacy rates in India, at 94%. This is due in part to the state’s commitment to education, which is enshrined in its constitution. The state government provides free education to all children up to the age of 14, and it also provides scholarships and other financial assistance to students from poor families.
Kerala has one of the best health care systems in India. The state has a Network of public hospitals and clinics that provide free or low-cost care to all citizens. The state also has a strong focus on preventive care, and it has been successful in reducing the incidence of many diseases.
Kerala has made significant progress in reducing poverty and inequality. The state’s poverty rate has declined from 50% in 1971 to 10% in 2011. This is due in part to the state’s development plans, which have focused on providing employment opportunities and social Services to the poor.
Kerala has experienced rapid economic growth in recent years. The state’s GDP has grown at an Average rate of 7% per year since 1991. This growth has been driven by the state’s strong manufacturing and service sectors.
Kerala has made significant progress in reducing pollution. The state has a number of environmental protection laws in place, and it has been successful in reducing air and Water Pollution. The state has also been successful in conserving its forests and other Natural Resources.

What is Kerala Planned Development?
Kerala Planned Development is a state-led development strategy that has been implemented in Kerala, India, since the 1950s. The strategy has focused on improving the Quality Of Life for the people of Kerala, and has resulted in significant progress in areas such as education, health, and social welfare.

What are the goals of Kerala Planned Development?
The goals of Kerala Planned Development are to improve the quality of life for the people of Kerala, and to create a more equitable and just society. The strategy has focused on the following areas:

Education: Kerala has achieved near-universal literacy, and has one of the highest rates of school enrollment in the world.
Health: Kerala has a well-developed public health system, and has achieved significant progress in reducing infant mortality and improving life expectancy.
Social welfare: Kerala has a comprehensive social welfare system, which provides a range of benefits to the poor, the elderly, and the disabled.

What are the achievements of Kerala Planned Development?
Kerala Planned Development has achieved significant progress in a number of areas, including education, health, and social welfare. Some of the key achievements include:

Near-universal literacy: Kerala has achieved near-universal literacy, with a literacy rate of 94%. This is one of the highest literacy rates in the world.
High school enrollment: Kerala has one of the highest rates of school enrollment in the world. In 2011, 97% of children aged 6-14 were enrolled in school.
Low infant mortality: Kerala has achieved significant progress in reducing infant mortality. In 2011, the infant mortality rate was 12 per 1,000 live births. This is one of the lowest infant mortality rates in the world.
High life expectancy: Kerala has achieved a high life expectancy. In 2011, the life expectancy at birth was 75 years. This is one of the highest life expectancies in the world.
Comprehensive social welfare system: Kerala has a comprehensive social welfare system, which provides a range of benefits to the poor, the elderly, and the disabled. Some of the benefits provided by the social welfare system include pensions, food subsidies, and health care.

What are the challenges of Kerala Planned Development?
Kerala Planned Development has faced a number of challenges, including economic slowdown, political instability, and natural disasters. Some of the key challenges include:

Economic slowdown: Kerala’s economy has been growing at a slower pace in recent years. This has led to increased unemployment and poverty.
Political instability: Kerala has experienced a number of political crises in recent years. This has made it difficult to implement long-term development plans.
Natural disasters: Kerala is prone to natural disasters such as floods, landslides, and Earthquakes. These disasters have caused significant damage to infrastructure and loss of life.

What is the future of Kerala Planned Development?
The future of Kerala Planned Development is uncertain. The state faces a number of challenges, including economic slowdown, political instability, and natural disasters. However, the state also has a number of strengths, including a well-educated Population, a strong social welfare system, and a commitment to development. It is possible that Kerala will be able to overcome its challenges and continue to progress in the future.

Sure, here are some MCQs without mentioning the topic Kerala Planned Development:

Which of the following is not a goal of planned development?
(A) To increase economic growth
(B) To reduce poverty
(C) To improve social welfare
(D) To protect the environment
Which of the following is not a tool of planned development?
(A) Fiscal Policy
(B) Monetary Policy
(C) Industrial Policy
(D) Environmental policy
Which of the following is not a benefit of planned development?
(A) Increased economic growth
(B) Reduced poverty
(C) Improved social welfare
(D) Increased inequality
Which of the following is not a cost of planned development?
(A) Loss of economic efficiency
(B) Increased Bureaucracy
(C) Corruption
(D) Decreased innovation
Which of the following is the most important factor in the success of planned development?
(A) The quality of the planning process
(B) The availability of resources
(C) The political will to implement the plan
(D) The level of public participation
Which of the following is the most common type of planned development?
(A) Central planning
(B) Market socialism
(C) Mixed Economy
(D) Social democracy
Which of the following is the most successful example of planned development?
(A) The Soviet Union
(B) China
(C) Singapore
(D) South Korea
Which of the following is the least successful example of planned development?
(A) The Soviet Union
(B) China
(C) Argentina
(D) India
Which of the following is the most common criticism of planned development?
(A) It is inefficient
(B) It is corrupt
(C) It is not democratic
(D) It is not sustainable
Which of the following is the most common defense of planned development?
(A) It can achieve economic growth and social welfare goals that would not be possible under a market economy
(B) It can help to reduce inequality and poverty
(C) It can help to protect the environment
(D) It can help to promote Economic Development in a sustainable way