Indian Constitution Day is a public holiday in India that commemorates the adoption of the Constitution of India on 26 November 1949. The Constitution is the supreme law of India and defines the basic structure of the Indian government, its powers and duties, and the rights and freedoms of its citizens.
- Significance
- History
- Celebrations
Significance: Celebrated annually on November 26th, Indian Constitution Day, also known as Samvidhan Divas, marks the adoption of the Indian Constitution in 1949. This document serves as the supreme law of the land, outlining the framework for a democratic republic, guaranteeing fundamental rights, and establishing the government’s structure.
History: The Indian Constitution is the culmination of meticulous work by the Constituent Assembly, a representative body elected in 1946 to draft a constitution for independent India. Chaired by Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, known as the “Father of the Indian Constitution,” the assembly meticulously deliberated for nearly three years, drawing inspiration from various constitutions worldwide. The document was finally adopted on November 26, 1949, though it officially came into effect on January 26, 1950, marking India’s transition from a Dominion to a Republic.
Celebrations: Constitution Day is a national holiday in India. To commemorate the occasion, government buildings are adorned with the national flag. Educational institutions organize debates, essay writing competitions, and lectures to raise awareness about the Constitution’s significance. Public readings of the Preamble are often held, emphasizing the fundamental values enshrined within the document. Special events might showcase the role the Constitution plays in upholding the rights and liberties of Indian citizens.
The Constitution was drafted by a Constituent Assembly, which was elected by the members of the Provincial Legislative Assemblies of British India. The Assembly met for over two years and held over 113 sessions to discuss and debate the various provisions of the Constitution. The final draft of the Constitution was adopted on 26 November 1949, and it came into effect on 26 January 1950.
The Constitution of India is one of the longest and most detailed constitutions in the world. It contains 448 articles and 12 schedules. The articles are divided into 12 parts, which deal with a variety of topics, including the fundamental rights of citizens, the structure of the government, the powers of the states and the Union, and the relationship between the Centre and the states.
The Constitution of India is a living document, which means that it can be amended by the Parliament of India. The first amendment to the Constitution was passed in 1951, and there have been over 100 amendments since then. The amendments have been made to reflect the changing needs of the country and to address various challenges that have arisen since the adoption of the Constitution.
Indian Constitution Day is a day to celebrate the adoption of the Constitution and to reaffirm our commitment to its principles. It is also a day to remember the sacrifices that were made by the people of India in the struggle for independence and to pay tribute to the leaders who drafted the Constitution.
FAQS
What is Indian Constitution Day?
Indian Constitution Day is a public holiday in India that commemorates the adoption of the Constitution of India on 26 November 1949.
When is Indian Constitution Day?
Indian Constitution Day is celebrated on 26 November every year.
What is the significance of Indian Constitution Day?
Indian Constitution Day is a day to celebrate the adoption of the Constitution and to reaffirm our commitment to its principles. It is also a day to remember the sacrifices that were made by the people of India in the struggle for independence and to pay tribute to the leaders who drafted the Constitution.
What are the main features of the Indian Constitution?
The Indian Constitution is one of the longest and most detailed constitutions in the world. It contains 448 articles and 12 schedules. The articles are divided into 12 parts, which deal with a variety of topics, including the fundamental rights of citizens, the structure of the government, the powers of the states and the Union, and the relationship between the Centre and the states.
How can I celebrate Indian Constitution Day?
There are many ways to celebrate Indian Constitution Day. You can attend a public event, read about the Constitution, or take a pledge to uphold its principles. You can also learn more about the history of the Constitution and the people who drafted it.
What is celebrated on November 26th in India?
November 26th marks the adoption of the Indian Constitution in 1949.
Why is November 26th significant in Indian history?
It commemorates the day when the Constituent Assembly of India adopted the Constitution, laying the foundation for the nation’s governance.
Who was the chairman of the drafting committee of the Indian Constitution?
Dr. B.R. Ambedkar chaired the drafting committee of the Indian Constitution.
What are the fundamental rights guaranteed by the Indian Constitution?
The Indian Constitution guarantees fundamental rights such as right to equality, right to freedom, right against exploitation, right to freedom of religion, cultural and educational rights, and right to constitutional remedies.
How many articles are there in the Indian Constitution?
There are 448 articles in the Indian Constitution as of its original enactment.
Who was the first President of India?
Dr. Rajendra Prasad served as the first President of India from 1950 to 1962.
What is the significance of the Preamble to the Indian Constitution?
The Preamble outlines the ideals and objectives of the Constitution, including justice, liberty, equality, and fraternity, serving as a guiding light for the nation’s governance.
When did the Indian Constitution come into effect?
The Indian Constitution came into effect on January 26, 1950, replacing the Government of India Act (1935).
How is the Indian Constitution amended?
The Indian Constitution can be amended through a parliamentary process specified in Article 368, which involves a two-thirds majority in both the Houses of Parliament.
What are the Directive Principles of State Policy?
Directive Principles of State Policy are guidelines for the government to establish social and economic justice in the country, though they are not enforceable by any court.
MCQs
What is Indian Constitution Day?
- (A) A public holiday in India that commemorates the adoption of the Constitution of India on 26 November 1949.
- (B) A day to celebrate the adoption of the Constitution and to reaffirm our commitment to its principles.
- (C) A day to remember the sacrifices that were made by the people of India in the struggle for independence and to pay tribute to the leaders who drafted the Constitution.
- (D) All of the above.
When is Indian Constitution Day?
- (A) 26 November every year.
- (B) The first day of the month of Chaitra.
- (C) The third day of the month of Baisakh.
- (D) The tenth day of the month of Ashwin.
What are the main features of the Indian Constitution?
- (A) It is one of the longest and most detailed constitutions in the world.
- (B) It contains 448 articles and 12 schedules.
- (C) The articles are divided into 12 parts, which deal with a variety of topics.
- (D) All of the above.
How can I celebrate Indian Constitution Day?
- (A) Attend a public event.
- (B) Read about the Constitution.
- (C) Take a pledge to uphold its principles.
- (D) All of the above.
Who chaired the drafting committee of the Indian Constitution?
- (a) Mahatma Gandhi
- (b) Jawaharlal Nehru
- (c) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar
- (d) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
How many fundamental rights are guaranteed by the Indian Constitution?
- a) 4
- b) 6
- c) 8
- d) 10
Which article of the Indian Constitution deals with the Right to Equality?
- a) Article 12-15
- b) Article 16-18
- c) Article 19-22
- d) Article 23-24
Who was the first President of India?
- a) Jawaharlal Nehru
- b) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
- c) Dr. Rajendra Prasad
- d) Maulana Abul Kalam Azad
What is the significance of the Preamble to the Indian Constitution?
- a) It outlines the fundamental duties of Indian citizens.
- b) It provides the procedure for amending the Constitution.
- c) It sets forth the ideals and objectives of the Constitution.
- d) It defines the powers of the President.