Horticulture of West bengal

Horticulture-2/”>Horticulture of West bengal

With a production of 26.68 m. MT of horticulture produce from an area of 1.78 m. ha., West Bengal is the largest producer of horticultural crops accounting for 9.6% of total horticultural production in the country.

The major horticulture produce comprises vegetables (86.4%). The State produces 23.04 m. MT of vegetables from an area of 1.38 m. ha. with the productivity of 16.7 t/ha. Production of fruits comprises 10.9 % of total production of horticultural crops in the State.

FRUITS

Banana

West Bengal accounts for 3.7% of total banana production in the country. The State produces 1.10 m. MT of banana from an area of 0.05 m. ha. with the productivity of 24 t/ha.
The production of banana is concentrated in the regions of Murshidabad, Burdwan, Hoogly, North and South 24 Paraganas, Nadiya, Bankura, North and South Dinajpur, Birbhum, Cooch Behar, Midnapore, Jalpaiguri and Malda.
Banana cultivars grown in the state are Dwarf Cavendish, Grand Naine, Rasthali and Monthan.
During 2015-16, 2.90 lakh MT of banana have been traded in organized markets with Average price of Rs. 15.97/ Kg.

Guava

West Bengal is the fifth largest producer of guava and accounts for 5.1% of total production of guava in the country.
State produces about 0.19 m Mt of guava from an area of 0.014 m ha. with the productivity of 13.0 MT/ha.
Main cultivars of guava recommended for the state are sardar (1-49), Allahabad Safeda, Lalit and Shweta.
Production of guava is concentrated in the belts of Nadia, 24 Parganas Birbhum, Midnapore, Purlia, Bankura and Bardhamam.
During 2013-14, 1398 MT of guava have been traded in organized markets with average price of Rs. 49.79/ Kg.

Mango

West Bengal accounts for 2.3% of total production of mango in the country. The State produces 0.43 m. MT of mango from an area of 0.09 m. ha. with the productivity of 4.6 t/ha.
The major mango producing belts in the State are Malda, Murshidabad, 24 Parganas, Midnapore, Purlia, Bankura, Birbhum, Hoogly, Hawara, Nadia and North & South Dinajpore
Commercial mango varieties grown in the State Fazli, Gulabkhas, Himsagar, Kishenbhog, Langra and Bombay Green, Zardalu, Amarpali, Pusa Arunima, Surya..
During 2013-14, 3230 MT of mango have been traded in organized markets with average price of Rs. 37.30/ Kg.

Papaya

West Bengal is the sixth largest producer of papaya and accounts for 5.9% of the total production of papaya in the country.
The State produces 0.34 m. MT of papaya from an area of 0.01 m. ha. with the productivity of 29.4 t/ha.
The major papaya producing belts in the State are North 24-Paraganas, Hoogly, Jalpaiguri, Bardhwan, Murshidabad, Nadia, Bankura, Purlia and Midnapore.
Varieties of papaya viz. Coorg Honey Dew, Pink Flesh Sweet, Sunrise Solo and Taiwan have been recommended for the state.

VEGETABLES

Brinjal

West Bengal is the leader in production of brinjal and accounts for 23.0 of total production of brinjal in the country
. The State produces about 2.98 m. MT of brinjal from an area of 0.16 m. ha. with the productivity of 18.4 t/ha.
The major brinjal producing belts in the State are 24-Paraganas Cooch Behar, Jalpaiguri, Nadia Murshidabad and Malda.

Cabbage

West Bengal is the leader in production of cabbage and accounts for 24.0% of total production of cabbage in the country.
The State produces about 2.20 m. MT of cabbage from an area of 0.08 m. ha. with productivity of 28 t/ha.which is at par with Odisha.
Production of cabbage is concentrated in the belts of West Madinapur, South 24 Parganas, North 24 Parganas, Nadia and Murshidabad.
Varieties of cabbage recommended in the state are Pusa Ageti, Pusa Drum Head, Golden Acre and Pusa Mukta.

Cauliflower

West Bengal is the leader in production of cauliflower and accounts for 22.0% of total production of cauliflower in the country.
The State produces about 1.88 m. MT of cauliflower with an area of 0.07 m. ha. with the productivity of 25.5 t/ha. which is the second highest after Madhya Pradesh.
Production of cauliflower is concentrated in the belts of West Mednapur, Bankura, Nadia, Murshidabad, North & South 24 Parganas

Initiatives undertaken by the West Bengal Government in these sectors in the last three years:

During the tenure of the present government, more than 15,000 hectares are brought under fruit cultivation. The area brought under vegetable cultivation and flower cultivation stands at 1609 and 3631 respectively.
Weather based crop insurance has been rolled out with 50% government grant. 15 products are been brought under this scheme.
Nearly 40 Food Processing Plants have been set up in the last three years with a cost of more than 300 crore.
The production capacity of rice mills have been enhanced by almost 4 lakh MT and for grain mills by almost 2.5 lakh MT. As a result additional capacity 8 lakh man-days of work is made possible.
The government has passed West Bengal Agricultural Produce Marketing (Regulation) (Amendment) Bill 2014. Companies involved with food processing can now directly purchase the raw materials from the farmers thus ensuring no cost for middlemen, greater transparency, and greater Ease of Doing Business, and a better price for farmers.
The state intends to set up Krishak Bazars , where farmers can sell the products directly this ensuring better prices.
A hi-tech food preservation institute is being set up at Malda.
The government has taken steps to curb down the menace of middleman and results are visible. Farmers are getting better prices in the whole sale market, while Inflation in the retail market is checked through fair price shops, regular checks and etc.

Horticulture is the practice of cultivating plants, including fruits, vegetables, flowers, and ornamental plants. It is a branch of agriculture that deals with the production of fruits, vegetables, and ornamental plants. Horticulture is a broad term that encompasses a wide range of activities, from growing plants in greenhouses to managing orchards and vineyards.

Horticulture is an important part of the economy in West Bengal. The state is a major producer of fruits, vegetables, and flowers. In 2019, the horticulture sector contributed â¹1.5 lakh crore to the state’s GDP. The sector employs over 10 million people in West Bengal.

The Climate in West Bengal is ideal for growing a variety of crops. The state has a long growing season and receives abundant rainfall. The Soil in West Bengal is also fertile, which makes it ideal for growing crops.

The main fruits grown in West Bengal are mango, banana, litchi, pineapple, and guava. The main vegetables grown in West Bengal are potato, tomato, onion, cauliflower, and cabbage. The main flowers grown in West Bengal are marigold, rose, and jasmine.

Horticulture is a major source of EMPLOYMENT in West Bengal. The sector employs over 10 million people in the state. The majority of these workers are employed in the cultivation of fruits, vegetables, and flowers.

Horticulture is also a major Source Of Income for the people of West Bengal. The sector contributes â¹1.5 lakh crore to the state’s GDP. The income from horticulture is used to support the livelihoods of millions of people in the state.

Horticulture is an important part of the economy in West Bengal. The sector is a major source of employment and income for the people of the state. Horticulture is also a major contributor to the state’s GDP.

The following are some of the challenges faced by the horticulture sector in West Bengal:

Pests and diseases: Pests and diseases are a major threat to crops in West Bengal. The state has a humid climate, which makes it ideal for the Growth of pests and diseases. The government is taking steps to control pests and diseases, but the problem is still a major challenge.
Water scarcity: Water scarcity is another major challenge faced by the horticulture sector in West Bengal. The state receives less rainfall than other parts of India. This has led to water scarcity in many parts of the state. The government is taking steps to address the water scarcity problem, but the problem is still a major challenge.
Low productivity: The productivity of crops in West Bengal is low. This is due to a number of factors, including the use of outdated farming techniques, lack of Irrigation facilities, and pests and diseases. The government is taking steps to improve the productivity of crops, but the problem is still a major challenge.
Marketing problems: The marketing of horticultural products is a major problem in West Bengal. The state does not have a well-developed marketing system for horticultural products. This has led to low prices for horticultural products. The government is taking steps to improve the marketing system for horticultural products, but the problem is still a major challenge.

Despite the challenges, the horticulture sector in West Bengal has the potential to grow. The state has a number of advantages, including a favorable climate, fertile soil, and a large workforce. The government is taking steps to address the challenges faced by the sector. With the right support, the horticulture sector in West Bengal can grow and contribute to the Economic Development of the state.

What is horticulture?

Horticulture is the science and art of growing fruits, vegetables, flowers, and ornamental plants. It includes the cultivation of plants for food, fiber, and fuel, as well as the landscape design and management of parks, gardens, and other outdoor spaces.

What are the different types of horticulture?

There are many different types of horticulture, including:

Fruit and vegetable production: This type of horticulture involves the cultivation of fruits and vegetables for human consumption.
Ornamental horticulture: This type of horticulture involves the cultivation of plants for their beauty, such as flowers, shrubs, and trees.
Landscape horticulture: This type of horticulture involves the design and management of outdoor spaces, such as parks, gardens, and golf courses.
Nursery management: This type of horticulture involves the production and sale of plants, such as seedlings, cuttings, and bulbs.
Floriculture: This type of horticulture involves the cultivation of flowers for commercial purposes.

What are the benefits of horticulture?

There are many benefits to horticulture, including:

It provides food and fiber for humans. Horticulture is essential for the production of food and fiber, such as fruits, vegetables, grains, and Cotton.
It helps to improve the Environment. Horticulture can help to improve the environment by reducing pollution, conserving water, and providing habitat for wildlife.
It creates jobs. The horticulture Industry employs millions of people around the world.
It is a source of recreation and enjoyment. Horticulture can be a fun and rewarding hobby, and it can also provide a sense of peace and tranquility.

What are the challenges of horticulture?

There are also some challenges associated with horticulture, including:

It can be labor-intensive. Horticulture can be a physically demanding job, and it can also be time-consuming.
It is susceptible to pests and diseases. Horticultural crops are susceptible to a variety of pests and diseases, which can damage or destroy crops.
It is affected by weather conditions. Horticultural crops are sensitive to weather conditions, such as drought, flooding, and extreme temperatures.
It is subject to market fluctuations. The prices of horticultural crops can fluctuate significantly, which can make it difficult for farmers to make a profit.

What is the future of horticulture?

The future of horticulture is bright. The global demand for food and fiber is expected to increase in the coming years, and horticulture is well-positioned to meet this demand. In addition, the growing popularity of urban gardening and Sustainable Agriculture is creating new opportunities for horticulturalists.

Which of the following is not a type of fruit?
(A) Apple
(B) Orange
(C) Vegetable
(D) Mango
Which of the following is not a type of vegetable?
(A) Potato
(B) Tomato
(C) Carrot
(D) Apple
Which of the following is not a type of grain?
(A) Rice
(B) Wheat
(C) Corn
(D) Apple
Which of the following is not a type of legume?
(A) Pea
(B) Bean
(C) Lentil
(D) Apple
Which of the following is not a type of nut?
(A) Walnut
(B) Almond
(C) Peanut
(D) Apple
Which of the following is not a type of seed?
(A) Sunflower seed
(B) Pumpkin seed
(C) Sesame seed
(D) Apple seed
Which of the following is not a type of berry?
(A) Strawberry
(B) Blueberry
(C) Raspberry
(D) Apple
Which of the following is not a type of citrus fruit?
(A) Orange
(B) Lemon
(C) Lime
(D) Apple
Which of the following is not a type of stone fruit?
(A) Peach
(B) Plum
(C) Cherry
(D) Apple
Which of the following is not a type of tropical fruit?
(A) Banana
(B) Mango
(C) Pineapple
(D) Apple