Horticulture

<<–2/”>a >a href=”https://exam.pscnotes.com/horticulture/”>Horticulture in Rajasthan

Horticulture is the science and art of producing, improving, Marketing, and using fruits, vegetables, flowers, and ornamental Plants.

The importance of horticulture in improving the productivity of land, generating EMPLOYMENT, improving economic conditions of the farmers and entrepreneurs, enhancing exports and, above all, providing nutritional security to the people, is widely acknowledged.

Developement of Horticulture in the state has been restricted by following factors:-

 Poor quality produce

 Lac of good quality seeds

 Threshing in unhygienic conditions

 Poor market intelligence

 Lac of market information to divert produce to desirable markets

 No estimates available for exports of spices, Kinow, Heena, Isagol

 Lac of certification

 Unawareness about Sanitary & Phyto sanitary standards

 Organic certification

 Poor PHM Infrastructure-2/”>INFRASTRUCTURE

 Limited facilities for grading, sorting & packaging

 Inappropriate transport facilities for erishables

 Poor Mandi infrastructure

 Lack of net work of rural/ local markets

 Lac of perishable cargo centre

Fluctuations in area & prod. due to frequent drought conditions, Its need of the hour to bring stability through Rain Water Harvesting based fruit plantations having drought proofing power

State horticulture Mission’s programmes being implemented through a registered Society ―Rajasthan Horticulture Development Society‖ at the state level and and its district Horticulture Development Societies registered under socities registration act.Overall supervision and monitoring by the Director of Horticulture as State Mission Director

At State Level the different programme/ activities of NHM is being carried out by the officers of planning cell through concerned scheme in charges

At the district level, the District Mission Committee (DMC) is responsible for overall implementation of NHM programmes constituted under the Chairmanship of District Collector.

Varied agro climatic conditions favors growing of large numbers of horticulture crops in the State

Mandarin

Warm humid areas of Jhalawar

Kinnow

Dry and cool Climate of Ganganagar

Aonla

Central semi arid parts

Ber

Western parts of the State

cumin

Barmer, Jalore, Pali, Jodhpur, Nagaur, Bhilwara, Ajmer, Tonk

Coriander

Kota, Baran, Jhalawar, Bundi, Chittorgarh

Fennel

Sirohi, Tonk, Jodhpur Pali

Chilli

Jodhpur, Ajmer, Bhilwara, Tonk, S. Madhopur, Karoli

Garlic

Jodhpur, Chittorgarh, Baran, Jhalawar, Kota

Mehandi

Pali

Aloevera

Jaipur, Ajmer

Aromatic Grasses

Baran, Ganganagar

Horticulture is the science and art of growing plants, especially fruits, vegetables, and ornamentals. It is a broad field that encompasses many different subtopics, including fruit and vegetable production, ornamental horticulture, landscape horticulture, nursery management, floriculture, greenhouse management, Soil science, plant pathology, entomology, weed science, pest management, plant breeding, plant physiology, plant anatomy, plant ECOLOGY, horticultural marketing, horticultural economics, horticultural law, horticultural Education, horticultural research, and horticultural extension.

Fruit and vegetable production is the practice of growing fruits and vegetables for human consumption. It is a major agricultural Industry, and it is responsible for the production of a wide variety of fruits and vegetables, including apples, oranges, tomatoes, potatoes, and lettuce.

Ornamental horticulture is the practice of growing plants for their beauty or aesthetic value. It includes the cultivation of flowers, shrubs, trees, and other plants that are used in landscaping, gardening, and floristry.

Landscape horticulture is the practice of designing and maintaining landscapes, including parks, gardens, and other outdoor spaces. It involves the selection of plants, the design of planting beds, and the maintenance of lawns and other surfaces.

Nursery management is the practice of operating a nursery, which is a business that sells plants. Nurseries typically sell a variety of plants, including trees, shrubs, flowers, and vegetables.

Floriculture is the practice of growing flowers for commercial purposes. It includes the cultivation of cut flowers, potted plants, and other flowering plants.

Greenhouse management is the practice of operating a greenhouse, which is a structure that is used to grow plants in a controlled Environment. Greenhouses are often used to grow plants that are not native to the area, or to grow plants out of season.

Soil science is the study of soil and its properties. Soil scientists study the physical, chemical, and biological properties of soil, and they use this information to improve soil quality and productivity.

Plant pathology is the study of plant diseases. Plant pathologists study the causes of plant diseases, and they develop methods to prevent and control these diseases.

Entomology is the study of insects. Entomologists study the biology, behavior, and ecology of insects, and they use this information to control insect pests.

Weed science is the study of Weeds. Weed scientists study the biology, ecology, and management of weeds, and they develop methods to control these plants.

Pest management is the practice of controlling pests, which are organisms that can damage or destroy plants or other Resources. Pest management includes a variety of methods, such as biological control, chemical control, and cultural control.

Plant breeding is the practice of improving plants through selective breeding. Plant breeders select plants with desirable traits, and they cross these plants to produce offspring with even more desirable traits.

Plant physiology is the study of plant function. Plant physiologists study the processes that allow plants to grow, develop, and reproduce.

Plant anatomy is the study of plant structure. Plant anatomists study the internal and external structures of plants, and they use this information to understand how plants function.

Plant ecology is the study of plants in their natural environment. Plant ecologists study the interactions between plants and other organisms, and they use this information to understand how plants are affected by their environment.

Horticultural marketing is the practice of promoting and selling horticultural products. Horticultural marketers develop marketing strategies, create marketing materials, and conduct marketing research.

Horticultural economics is the study of the economic aspects of horticulture. Horticultural economists study the production, distribution, and consumption of horticultural products, and they use this information to understand the economic impact of horticulture.

Horticultural law is the body of law that governs horticulture. Horticultural lawyers advise businesses and individuals on legal issues related to horticulture, such as contract law, intellectual property law, and environmental law.

Horticultural education is the practice of teaching people about horticulture. Horticultural educators develop and deliver educational programs, and they conduct research on horticultural education.

Horticultural research is the practice of conducting research on horticultural topics. Horticultural researchers investigate new horticultural methods and technologies, and they use this information to improve horticultural practices.

Horticultural extension is the practice of disseminating horticultural information to the public. Horticultural extension agents provide information and advice on horticultural topics to farmers, gardeners, and other interested individuals.

Horticulture is a diverse and fascinating field that encompasses many different subtopics. It is a field that is constantly evolving, and it offers many opportunities for career advancement.

What is the difference between a plant and an animal?

Plants are living things that make their own food using sunlight, while animals cannot make their own food and must eat other living things to survive.

What are the three main parts of a plant?

The three main parts of a plant are the roots, the stem, and the leaves. The roots anchor the plant in the ground and absorb water and nutrients from the soil. The stem supports the leaves and flowers, and transports water and nutrients from the roots to the leaves. The leaves capture sunlight and use it to make food for the plant.

What are the different types of plants?

There are many different types of plants, but they can be divided into two main groups: flowering plants and non-flowering plants. Flowering plants produce flowers, which are used to reproduce. Non-flowering plants do not produce flowers, and reproduce in other ways, such as by spores or by budding.

What are the benefits of plants?

Plants provide us with many benefits, including food, Oxygen, and shelter. They also help to clean the air and water, and regulate the climate.

What are the challenges facing plants?

Plants face many challenges, including Climate Change, deforestation, and pollution. Climate change is causing temperatures to rise, which is making it difficult for plants to grow. Deforestation is the clearing of forests, which destroys the habitat of many plants. Pollution is the release of harmful substances into the environment, which can damage plants.

What can we do to help plants?

We can help plants by reducing our carbon footprint, planting trees, and recycling. We can also support organizations that are working to protect plants and their habitats.

What is the future of plants?

The future of plants is uncertain. Climate change and other challenges are putting plants at risk. However, there are many people working to protect plants and their habitats. With our help, plants can have a bright future.

Which of the following is not a type of plant?
(A) Tree
(B) Flower
(C) Animal
(D) Grass
Which of the following is not a part of a plant?
(A) Root
(B) Stem
(C) Leaf
(D) Animal
Which of the following is not a benefit of plants?
(A) They provide oxygen.
(B) They provide food.
(C) They provide shelter.
(D) They are a source of entertainment.
Which of the following is not a way to care for plants?
(A) Water them.
(B) Fertilize them.
(C) Prune them.
(D) Give them to animals.
Which of the following is not a type of plant disease?
(A) Rust
(B) Mildew
(C) Virus
(D) Animal
Which of the following is not a way to prevent plant diseases?
(A) Plant resistant varieties.
(B) Rotate crops.
(C) Use clean tools.
(D) Give them to animals.
Which of the following is not a type of insect that can damage plants?
(A) Aphids
(B) Caterpillars
(C) Beetles
(D) Animals
Which of the following is not a way to control insect pests?
(A) Use pesticides.
(B) Use biological controls.
(C) Hand-pick pests.
(D) Give them to animals.
Which of the following is not a type of weed?
(A) Dandelion
(B) Crabgrass
(C) Clover
(D) Animal
Which of the following is not a way to control weeds?
(A) Hand-pull weeds.
(B) Use herbicides.
(C) Mulch.
(D) Give them to animals.
Which of the following is not a type of soil?
(A) Sandy soil
(B) Clay soil
(C) Loam soil
(D) Animal soil
Which of the following is not a way to improve soil quality?
(A) Add organic matter.
(B) Aerate the soil.
(C) Add fertilizer.
(D) Give it to animals.
Which of the following is not a type of fertilizer?
(A) Organic fertilizer
(B) Inorganic fertilizer
(C) Animal manure
(D) Animal
Which of the following is not a way to apply fertilizer?
(A) Broadcast
(B) Band
(C) Sidedress
(D) Give it to animals.
Which of the following is not a type of Irrigation system?
(A) Drip Irrigation
(B) Sprinkler Irrigation
(C) Flood irrigation
(D) Animal irrigation
Which of the following is not a way to irrigate plants?
(A) Soak the soil
(B) Apply water slowly
(C) Apply water evenly
(D) Give it to animals.
Which of the following is not a type of harvesting method?
(A) Hand-harvesting
(B) Mechanical harvesting
(C) Chemical harvesting
(D) Animal harvesting
Which of the following is not a way to store harvested crops?
(A) In a cool, dry place
(B) In a sealed container
(C) In a refrigerator
(D) Give it to animals.
Which of the following is not a type of processing method?
(A) Canning
(B) Freezing
(C) Dehydrating
(D) Animal processing
Which of the following is not a way to market harvested crops?
(A) Sell them at a farmers market
(B) Sell them at a grocery store
(C) Sell them online
(D) Give them to animals