Health Care System in India and Uttarakhand.

<–2/”>a >Government of India is committed to the goal of ‘Health for All’ The obligation of the Government to ensure the highest possible health status of India’s Population and access to quality health care has been recognized by a number of key policy documents.Health care system supplement in improving the health of individuals, particularly those belonging to socially and economically disadvantaged groups,which is a key objective of the Indian government and a major consequence of a Constitution.

Recognizing the importance of Health in the process of economic and social development and improving the Quality Of Life of our citizens, the Government of India has resolved to launch the National Rural Health Mission to carry out necessary architectural correction in the basic health care delivery system.

Since 2008-2009, the Uttarakhand state has been pursuing the activities for Mainstreaming of AYUSH under NRHM. Efforts have been made to strengthen AYUSH health care facilities by colocating them to CHCs, PHCs and Additional PHCs.

Under Universal access to basic health facilities consisting of health card, medical examination following programs / facilities have been initiated by Central and State Government in Uttarakhand:-

National Rural Health Mission (NRHM)
[su_spoiler title=”National AIDS and STD Control Programme” open=”yes” style=”fancy” icon=”arrow”]Under the programme, following activities are carried out:
(i)Preventive measures,
(ii) Targeted Intervention among High Risk Groups,
(iii) Information, Education and Communication activities in States and UTs,
(iv) Treatment of sexually transmitted infections, (v) Blood safety and quality assurance,
(vi)Integrated Counselling & Testing facilities including prevention of Parent to Child Transmission,
(vii) Rural outreach through Link Worker Scheme,[/su_spoiler]
[su_spoiler title=”National AYUSH Mission (NAM)” open=”yes” style=”fancy” icon=”arrow”]Under the mission activities, it is aimed to provide AYUSH Services at health centres and promotion of farming of medicinal Plants[/su_spoiler]
[su_spoiler title=”Supply of Contraceptives” open=”yes” style=”fancy” icon=”arrow”] Supply of condoms to consumers free of cost; Condom Social Marketing and publicity campaign.[/su_spoiler]
[su_spoiler title=”Assistance to Voluntary Organisations for Welfare of SCs” open=”yes” style=”fancy” icon=”arrow”]Grant support to NGOs/ voluntary organisations for service activities such as medical centres, dispensaries.[/su_spoiler]
[su_spoiler title=”Health System Development Project (EAP)” open=”yes” style=”fancy” icon=”arrow”] the capacity of existing health service providing institutions are strengthened by way of stewardship and capacity building and involvement of Private Partners in providing health services.[/su_spoiler]
[su_spoiler title=”Mukhyamantri Swasthya Sudrikaran Yojana” open=”yes” style=”fancy” icon=”arrow”] health card is being provided to families for getting free of cost treatment in selected hospitals for identified diseases.[/su_spoiler]
[su_spoiler title=”Safe Blood Transfusion Services” open=”yes” style=”fancy” icon=”arrow”] Safe Blood Transfusion Services are being provided through Blood banks.[/su_spoiler]
[su_spoiler title=”Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS)” open=”yes” style=”fancy” icon=”arrow”] children of age group 0-6 are immunised[/su_spoiler]
[su_spoiler title=”Beti Bachao Beti Padhao” open=”yes” style=”fancy” icon=”arrow”]The specific objectives of the scheme are:
i.Prevention of gender based sex selection
ii.Ensure survival of girl child
iii.Protection of the girl child and
iv.Ensure education of the girl child.[/su_spoiler]
[su_spoiler title=”Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY )” open=”yes” style=”fancy” icon=”arrow”] Cash incentive is provided to mothers delivering in hospital. In this scheme, the States where there is a low rate of Institutional deliveries is classified as ‘Low Performing States (LPS)’ (the States of Uttar Pradesh, Uttaranchal, Bihar, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Assam, Rajasthan, Odisha and Jammu and Kashmir), whereas the remaining States are termed as High Performing States (HPS). Cash benefits to them are as under:
Low Performing State: Mothers’ package (₹1400), ASHA Package (₹ 600) totalling ₹ 2000.
High Performing States: Mothers’ package (₹ 700), ASHA Package (₹ 600) totalling ₹ 1300. These costs are applicable to rural areas only.[/su_spoiler]
[su_spoiler title=”Rajiv Gandhi Scheme for Empowerment of Adolescent Girls (RGSEAG) – SABLA” open=”yes” style=”fancy” icon=”arrow”]The scheme has special focus on adolescent girls of the age group, 11 to 18 years. The scheme has two major components namely, Nutrition and non-nutrition component.
Nutrition is being given in the form of Take Home Ration or Hot Cooked Meal to out-of-school girls of age group 11-14 years and to all adolescent girls of age group 14-18.
In the non-nutrition component, the out-of-school adolescent girls of age group 11 to 18 years are being provided IFA supplementation, Health check-up and Referral services, Nutrition and Health Education, Counselling and guidance on family welfare, Adolescent Reproductive Sexual Health (ARSH), child care practices, Life Skill Education and vocational training.[/su_spoiler]
[su_spoiler title=”Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS)” open=”yes” style=”fancy” icon=”arrow”] Following services are sponsored under ICDS:
1.Immunisation of 0-6 age group children
2. Supplementary nutrition to children, pregnant Women and lactating mothers
3.Health check-up of children, pregnant women and lactating mothers
4.Referral services
5.Pre-school non-formal education to children 6.Nutrition and Health information to women.[/su_spoiler]

[su_spoiler title=”National Nutrition Mission” open=”yes” style=”fancy” icon=”arrow”]Basic activities under National Nutrition Mission:
(i)Strengthen and restructure the ICDS scheme,
(ii) Introduce a multi-sectoral programme to address maternal and child Malnutrition in selected 200 high-burden districts,
(iii) Introducing a nation-wide information, education and communication campaign against malnutrition and
(iv) Making nutrition a focus in the programmes and schemes of line Ministries.
(v)This scheme is now a sub-scheme under Integrated Child Development Scheme.[/su_spoiler]
[su_spoiler title=”Indira Gandhi Matritva Sahyog Yojana (IGMSY )” open=”yes” style=”fancy” icon=”arrow”]Cash assistance directly to pregnant and lactating women (P & L Women) from the end of 2nd trimester of pregnancy up to 6 months after delivery. ₹ 6000 provided to the pregnant and lactating women in response to fulfilling specific conditions related to Health and Nutrition of mother and child. The scheme would address short-term income support objectives with long-term objective of behaviour and Attitudinal Change. The scheme attempts to partly compensate for wage loss to pregnant and lactating women both prior to and after delivery of the child.[/su_spoiler]
[su_spoiler title=”Aajeevika – National Livelihood Mission” open=”yes” style=”fancy” icon=”arrow”] Food Security Risk fund is provided to SHG/ volunteer organisations, cluster level SHG federation. In addition, activities such as IEC on education and nutrition are conducted in VO / SHG meetings.[/su_spoiler]
[su_spoiler title=”National Institutes for Blind, Deaf, Mentally Retarded and Orthopedically” open=”yes” style=”fancy” icon=”arrow”] They provide professional training courses with a view to developing trained manpower in the disability sector and also providing various other rehabilitation services.[/su_spoiler]
[su_spoiler title=”Aids and Appliances for the Handicapped” open=”yes” style=”fancy” icon=”arrow”] Grants-in-aid to various implementing agencies to assist the needy disabled persons in procuring durable, sophisticated and scientifically manufactured, modern, standard aids and appliances that can promote their physical, social and psychological rehabilitation. PWDs can get the aids and appliances.[/su_spoiler]
[su_spoiler title=”Artificial Limbs Manufacturing Corporation” open=”yes” style=”fancy” icon=”arrow”]Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities and restoration of their dignity by way of manufacturing and supplying durable, sophisticated, scientifically manufactured modern and ISI standard quality assistive aids. The aids are supplied to PWDs[/su_spoiler]

Healthcare in India

India has a long and rich history of healthcare, dating back to the Vedic period (1500-500 BCE). During this time, Ayurveda, a system of traditional medicine, was developed. Ayurveda is based on the belief that health is a state of balance between the mind, body, and spirit. It uses a variety of treatments, including herbs, diet, and massage, to restore balance and promote health.

In the 19th century, Western medicine began to be introduced to India. This led to the development of a dual system of healthcare, with both traditional and Western medicine being practiced. In recent years, there has been a growing emphasis on integrating traditional and Western medicine. This is due in part to the recognition that traditional medicine can be effective in treating a variety of conditions, and in part to the desire to preserve India’s rich cultural heritage.

The current state of healthcare in India is mixed. On the one hand, India has a number of world-class hospitals and medical schools. On the other hand, there are also large disparities in access to healthcare. Millions of Indians do not have access to basic healthcare services, and many people live in areas where there are no hospitals or clinics.

There are a number of challenges facing the healthcare system in India. One of the biggest challenges is the lack of Resources. India has a large population, and the government does not have the resources to provide healthcare to everyone. This has led to a situation where many people have to pay for their own healthcare, which can be very expensive.

Another challenge facing the healthcare system in India is the lack of trained healthcare professionals. There are not enough doctors, nurses, and other healthcare workers to meet the needs of the population. This has led to long waiting times for appointments and treatment.

The government of India has taken a number of steps to reform the healthcare system. One of the most important reforms was the introduction of the National Health Mission (NHM) in 2005. The NHM is a government-funded program that aims to provide healthcare to the poor and marginalized. The NHM has been successful in increasing access to healthcare, but it has not been able to address all of the challenges facing the healthcare system.

Healthcare in Uttarakhand

Uttarakhand is a state in northern India. It is a mountainous state with a population of over 10 million people. The state has a number of challenges facing its healthcare system, including a lack of resources, a lack of trained healthcare professionals, and a high prevalence of POVERTY.

The government of Uttarakhand has taken a number of steps to improve the healthcare system in the state. One of the most important reforms was the introduction of the Uttarakhand Health Policy in 2011. The policy aims to provide universal healthcare to all citizens of Uttarakhand. The policy has been successful in increasing access to healthcare, but it has not been able to address all of the challenges facing the healthcare system.

The following are some of the challenges facing the healthcare system in Uttarakhand:

Lack of resources: The government of Uttarakhand does not have the resources to provide healthcare to everyone. This has led to a situation where many people have to pay for their own healthcare, which can be very expensive.
Lack of trained healthcare professionals: There are not enough doctors, nurses, and other healthcare workers to meet the needs of the population. This has led to long waiting times for appointments and treatment.
High prevalence of poverty: A large proportion of the population of Uttarakhand lives below the Poverty Line. This means that they cannot afford to pay for healthcare, even when it is available.

The government of Uttarakhand is working to address these challenges. However, it is a difficult task and it will take time to make a significant difference.

What is the difference between a public and private hospital?

A public hospital is a hospital that is funded by the government. It is usually free to use for people who are registered with the government’s health insurance scheme. A private hospital is a hospital that is funded by private individuals or companies. It is usually not free to use, and patients have to pay for their treatment.

What are the benefits of using a public hospital?

The benefits of using a public hospital include:

It is usually free to use.
It is often more accessible than private hospitals.
It is usually staffed by qualified doctors and nurses.

What are the drawbacks of using a public hospital?

The drawbacks of using a public hospital include:

The waiting times can be long.
The facilities may not be as good as those in private hospitals.
The quality of care may not be as good as that in private hospitals.

What are the benefits of using a private hospital?

The benefits of using a private hospital include:

The waiting times are usually shorter.
The facilities are usually better than those in public hospitals.
The quality of care is usually better than that in public hospitals.

What are the drawbacks of using a private hospital?

The drawbacks of using a private hospital include:

It is not free to use.
It can be more expensive than public hospitals.
It may not be as accessible as public hospitals.

What are the different types of health insurance?

There are many different types of health insurance, but the most common types are:

Government health insurance: This is health insurance that is provided by the government. It is usually free to use for people who are registered with the government’s health insurance scheme.
Private health insurance: This is health insurance that is provided by private companies. It is usually not free to use, and patients have to pay for their treatment.
Employer-provided health insurance: This is health insurance that is provided by employers to their employees. It is usually free to use for employees, but employers may have to pay a premium.

What are the different types of doctors?

There are many different types of doctors, but the most common types are:

General practitioners (GPs): GPs are doctors who provide general medical care. They can diagnose and treat a wide range of medical conditions.
Specialists: Specialists are doctors who have expertise in a particular area of medicine. They can diagnose and treat more complex medical conditions than GPs.
Surgeons: Surgeons are doctors who perform surgery. They can repair or remove damaged tissue or organs.

What are the different types of nurses?

There are many different types of nurses, but the most common types are:

Registered nurses (RNs): RNs are nurses who have completed a four-year degree in nursing. They can provide a wide range of nursing care, including administering medication, changing dressings, and providing emotional support.
Licensed practical nurses (LPNs): LPNs are nurses who have completed a two-year associate’s degree in nursing. They can provide basic nursing care, such as bathing and feeding patients.
Certified nursing assistants (CNAs): CNAs are nurses who have completed a short training program. They can provide basic nursing care, such as bathing and feeding patients.

What are the different types of hospitals?

There are many different types of hospitals, but the most common types are:

General hospitals: General hospitals provide a wide range of medical services, including emergency care, surgery, and inpatient care.
Specialty hospitals: Specialty hospitals provide care for a particular type of medical condition, such as cancer or heart disease.
Teaching hospitals: Teaching hospitals are hospitals that are affiliated with a medical school. They provide care for patients and also train medical students and residents.

What are the different types of clinics?

There are many different types of clinics, but the most common types are:

General clinics: General clinics provide a wide range of medical services, such as physical exams, vaccinations, and minor surgery.
Specialty clinics: Specialty clinics provide care for a particular type of medical condition, such as cancer or heart disease.
Walk-in clinics: Walk-in clinics are clinics that are open to patients without an appointment. They are often used for minor medical problems that do not require hospitalization.

What are the different types of pharmacies?

There are many different types of pharmacies, but the most common types are:

Retail pharmacies: Retail pharmacies are pharmacies that are located in stores, such as grocery stores and drugstores. They sell prescription and over-the-counter medications.

Which of the following is not a type of health insurance in India?
(A) Public health insurance
(B) Private health insurance
(C) Social health insurance
(D) Health Savings account
The National Health Mission (NHM) is a government program that provides free healthcare to the poor in India. True or False?
The Average life expectancy in India is 69 years. True or False?
The infant mortality rate in India is 32 deaths per 1,000 live births. True or False?
The maternal mortality rate in India is 176 deaths per 100,000 live births. True or False?
The top five causes of death in India are:
(A) Heart disease, stroke, cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and diabetes
(B) Road traffic accidents, HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria, and diarrheal diseases
(C) Diarrheal diseases, pneumonia, neonatal disorders, preterm birth complications, and malaria
(D) Tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS, malaria, road traffic accidents, and cancer
The main challenges facing the healthcare system in India are:
(A) Lack of access to healthcare, poor quality of care, and high cost of healthcare
(B) Lack of trained healthcare professionals, shortage of medical supplies, and poor Infrastructure-2/”>INFRASTRUCTURE
(C) Corruption, lack of accountability, and poor governance
(D) All of the above
The government of India has taken several steps to improve the healthcare system, including:
(A) Expanding the public health insurance program, NHIS
(B) Investing in infrastructure, such as hospitals and clinics
(C) Training more healthcare professionals
(D) All of the above
The private sector plays an important role in the healthcare system in India. True or False?
The government of India has recently announced a new health policy, Ayushman Bharat. What is the goal of this policy?
(A) To provide universal health coverage to all Indians
(B) To improve the quality of healthcare in India
(C) To reduce the cost of healthcare in India
(D) All of the above