The line of Nagabhata ruled first at Ujjain and later at Kannauj during the 8th to 11th centuries.
In the complicated and badly documented wars of the early 9th century—involving Pratiharas, Rastrakutas, and Palas—Nagabhata II played an important part. About 816 he invaded the Indo-Gangetic Plain and captured Kannauj from the local king Chakrayudha, who had the protection of the Pala ruler Dharmapala.
With the power of the Rastrakutas weakened, Nagabhata II became the most powerful ruler of northern India and established his new capital at Kannauj.
After the death of Mahendrapala, the SUCCESSION is obscure. The power of the Pratiharas was apparently weakened by dynastic strife. It was further diminished as a result of a great raid from the Deccan, led by the Rastrakuta king Indra III, who about 916 sacked Kannauj.
Their last important king, Rajyapala, was driven from Kannauj by Maḥmūd of Ghazna in 1018 and was later killed by the forces of the Chandela king Vidyadhara. For about a generation longer a small Pratihara principality apparently survived in the area of Allahabad.
Sources of Gurjara Pratiharas’ History
Historians believe that after the Gupta period, Gurjara Pratiharas came to India from the central Asian region and settled in Rajasthan. Gradually, they gained political importance.
The bardic tradition of Rajasthan claims that the Gurjara Pratiharas, Chalukyas, Parmaras, and Chahmanas were born out of a yajna done at Mount Abu. Therefore, these four dynasties are also known as agnikulas (fire-clans).
The four dynasties of Rajputs were created for the protection of the country from external aggressions.
The literary meaning of Pratihara is ‘door keeper.’ It is believed that their ancestor Lakshmana served as a door keeper to his brother Rama. Therefore, they were called as Pratihara.
The geographical name of Gujarat is supposed to be derived from Gurjara.
Rulers of Gurjara Pratiharas
The Gwalior inscription mentioned the early history of the family. The inscription was founded by King Bhoja in the 7th century. He was the most famous king of the Gurjara Pratiharas dynasty.
Nagabhatta-I was the real founder of the fame of family. He defeated the Muslim forces from the Arabs.
During A.D. 775-800, Vatsaraja followed an aggressive imperial policy. He defeated Pala king Dharmapala of Bengal.
The Rashtrakuta king Dhruva defeated Vatsaraja and took away the political benefit of the defeat of Pala king.
Dharmapala took advantage of the defeat of Vatsaraja and installed his own nominee Chakrayudba on the throne of Kanauj.
Vatsaraja’s son, Nagabhatta II (A.D.815) made an alliance with Andhra, Vidharbha, and Kalinga. He made extensive preparation to fight against his rivals.
Nagabhatta II first defeated Chakrayudha and captured Kanauj. Then he defeated Dharmapala and fought with Govinda-III, the Rashtrakuta king.
Nagabhatta also defeated Sultan Vega who was the son of the governor of Sind under the Caliph-l Mamun.
Nagabhatta-II was succeeded by his son Ramabhadra.
Ramabhadra was succeeded by his son Bhoja-I about A.D. 836.
Bhoja-I restored the falling prosperities and reputation of his dynasty.
A golden opportunity to the king Bhoja-I was provided by the death of Devapala of Bengal and Rashtrakuta’s invasion of Bengal thereafter.
The Rashtrakuta king, Krishna II was involved in the struggle with the Eastern Chalukyas.
Bhoja-I defeated Krishna-II and captured the region of Malwa and Gujarat.
After victory over two great rivals, Bhoja-I founded his Sovereignty over the Punjab, Avadh, and other territories of north India and consolidated his empire.
Bhoja-I was a devotee of Vishnu, and adopted the title of ‘Adivaraha.’ It has been inscribed in some of his coins. He is also known by other names as ‘Mihir‘, ‘Prabhasa,’ etc.
Bhoja-I was succeeded by his son Mahendrapala-I about A.D. 885.
Mahendrapala-I also extended the boundaries of his empire. During his reign, the Pratihara Empire stretched almost from the Himalayas in the north to the Vindhyas in the south and from Bengal in the east to Gujarat in the west.
Mahendrapala-I was also known as ‘Mahendrayudha’, and ‘Nirbhayanarendra.’ He was a liberal patron of learned men.
Rajashehara was learned man of his court. He had written Karpuramanjari, Bala-Ramayana, Bala Bharata, Kavyamimansa, Bhuvana Kosha, and Haravilasa.
The Pratiharas dynasty dominated north India for over two hundred years from the 8th century to the 10th century A.D.
Arab scholar, Al-Masudi, visited India in A.D. 915-916.
Al-Masudi mentioned about the great powers and prestige of the Pratihara rulers and the vastness of their empire.
Al-Masudi says that empire of AI-Juzr (Gurjara) had 1,800,000 villages, the cities and rural areas were about 2,000 km in length and 2,000 km in breadth.
The Rashtrakuta king, Indra-II again attacked Kanauj between A.D. 915 and A.D. 918 and completely destroyed it. This weakened the Pratihara Empire.
Krishna-III was other Rashtrakuta ruler invaded north India in about A.D. 963. He defeated the Pratihara rulers. This led to decline of Pratihara Empire.
The Pratiharas were patrons of Learning and literature.
Rajashekhar (Sanskrit poet) lived at the court of Mahendrapala-I.
The Pratihara kings were followers of Hinduism-2/”>Hinduism.
They build with many fine buildings and temples at Kanauj.
The epigraphic records show that the building of temples and the educational institutions attached with them, formed community projects, in which the entire village community participated.
Many Indian scholars went to the court of the Caliph at Baghdad along with embassies. However, the names of the Indian kings are not known who sent these embassies.
This interaction between India and Arab led to the spread of Indian culture, literature, and science, especially mathematics, algebra, and medicine to the Arab world from where these were further transmitted to Europe.
Although the Pratiharas were well known for their aggression to the Arab rulers of Sindh.
Despite all this, the movement of scholars and trade between India and west Asia remained uninterrupted.
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The Gurjara Pratiharas were an Indian dynasty that ruled over a large part of northern India from the 7th to the 11th centuries. They were originally a clan of the Gurjara-Pratihara tribe, which was one of the major Rajput clans. The Gurjara Pratiharas came to power in the 7th century, after the decline of The Gupta Empire. They initially ruled over a small kingdom in the Malwa region, but they gradually expanded their territory over the next few centuries. At their peak, the Gurjara Pratiharas controlled most of northern India, from the Himalayas in the north to the Narmada River in the south.
The Gurjara Pratiharas were a powerful and influential dynasty. They were patrons of the arts and literature, and they built many temples and other monuments. They also played a major role in the defense of India against the Arab invasions. The Gurjara Pratiharas declined in the 11th century, after they were defeated by the Ghaznavids. However, they left a lasting legacy on Indian history.
The Gurjara Pratiharas were a Rajput dynasty, which means that they were descended from the ancient Kshatriya warrior caste. The Rajputs were a warrior class that emerged in northern India after the decline of the Gupta Empire. They were originally a collection of small tribes, but they gradually coalesced into larger kingdoms. The Gurjara Pratiharas were one of the most powerful Rajput kingdoms.
The Gurjara Pratiharas were founded by Nagabhata I in the 7th century. Nagabhata I was a powerful ruler who expanded the Gurjara Pratihara kingdom to include much of northern India. He was succeeded by his son, Rajyavardhana, who was also a powerful ruler. Rajyavardhana was killed in battle against the Arabs in 730 CE. His son, Vatsaraja, succeeded him. Vatsaraja was a powerful ruler who continued to expand the Gurjara Pratihara kingdom. He was succeeded by his son, Mihira Bhoja, who was the greatest Gurjara Pratihara ruler. Mihira Bhoja was a powerful and successful ruler who expanded the Gurjara Pratihara kingdom to its greatest extent. He was also a patron of the arts and literature. Mihira Bhoja was succeeded by his son, Mahendrapala I, who was also a powerful ruler. Mahendrapala I was succeeded by his son, Rajyapala, who was a weak ruler. Rajyapala was defeated by the Ghaznavids in 1018 CE. The Gurjara Pratihara dynasty declined after the death of Rajyapala. They were eventually overthrown by the Chaulukyas in 1194 CE.
The Gurjara Pratiharas were a powerful and influential dynasty that ruled over a large part of northern India for over 300 years. They were patrons of the arts and literature, and they built many temples and other monuments. They also played a major role in the defense of India against the Arab invasions. The Gurjara Pratiharas declined in the 11th century, after they were defeated by the Ghaznavids. However, they left a lasting legacy on Indian history.
The Gurjara Pratiharas were a major power in northern India for over 300 years. They were patrons of the arts and literature, and they built many temples and other monuments. They also played a major role in the defense of India against the Arab invasions. The Gurjara Pratiharas declined in the 11th century, after they were defeated by the Ghaznavids. However, they left a lasting legacy on Indian history.
What is the Gurjar Prathihar?
The Gurjar Prathihar was a dynasty that ruled over parts of northern India from the 7th to the 11th centuries. They were originally from the Gurjar region of Rajasthan, and they came to power after overthrowing the Pratihara dynasty. The Gurjar Prathihar were a powerful dynasty, and they were able to expand their territory significantly. They were also patrons of the arts and literature, and they built many temples and monuments.
What are some of the achievements of the Gurjar Prathihar?
The Gurjar Prathihar were a powerful dynasty, and they were able to expand their territory significantly. They were also patrons of the arts and literature, and they built many temples and monuments. Some of their achievements include:
Expanding their territory to include parts of northern India, Gujarat, and Malwa.
Building many temples and monuments, including the Kandariya Mahadeva Temple in Khajuraho.
Patronizing the arts and literature.
What were some of the challenges faced by the Gurjar Prathihar?
The Gurjar Prathihar faced a number of challenges, including:
Internal conflict.
Attacks from other dynasties, such as the Ghaznavids.
Economic problems.
What was the legacy of the Gurjar Prathihar?
The Gurjar Prathihar left a significant legacy. They were a powerful dynasty that was able to expand their territory significantly. They were also patrons of the arts and literature, and they built many temples and monuments. Their legacy can still be seen in the many temples and monuments that they built, as well as in the literature and art that they patronized.
What are some of the sources of information about the Gurjar Prathihar?
There are a number of sources of information about the Gurjar Prathihar. These include:
Inscriptions.
Coins.
Literary works.
Archaeological remains.
These sources provide information about the Gurjar Prathihar’s history, their rulers, their culture, and their achievements.
Which of the following is not a type of government? (A) Democracy (B) Republic (C) Monarchy (D) Gurjar Prathihar
Which of the following is the capital of India? (A) New Delhi (B) Mumbai (C) Chennai (D) Kolkata
Which of the following is the national animal of India? (A) Tiger (B) Lion (C) Elephant (D) Rhinoceros
Which of the following is the national flower of India? (A) Lotus (B) Rose (C) Jasmine (D) Sunflower
Which of the following is the national bird of India? (A) Peacock (B) Parrot (C) Eagle (D) Owl
Which of the following is the national language of India? (A) Hindi (B) English (C) Sanskrit (D) Tamil
Which of the following is the National Flag of India? (A) A tricolor flag with saffron, white, and green stripes in the ratio 2:3, with a blue wheel in the center with 24 spokes. (B) A white flag with a green Ashoka Chakra in the center. (C) A saffron flag with a white lotus in the center. (D) A green flag with a white elephant in the center.
Which of the following is the National Anthem of India? (A) Jana Gana Mana (B) Vande Mataram (C) Saare Jahan Se Accha (D) Hamdard
Which of the following is the National Song of India? (A) Jana Gana Mana (B) Vande Mataram (C) Saare Jahan Se Accha (D) Hamdard
Which of the following is the national motto of India? (A) Satyameva Jayate (B) Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam (C) Jai Hind (D) Vande Mataram
Which of the following is the national animal of Pakistan? (A) Lion (B) Tiger (C) Elephant (D) Rhinoceros
Which of the following is the national flower of Pakistan? (A) Lotus (B) Rose (C) Jasmine (D) Sunflower
Which of the following is the national bird of Pakistan? (A) Peacock (B) Parrot (C) Eagle (D) Owl
Which of the following is the national language of Pakistan? (A) Urdu (B) English (C) Sanskrit (D) Tamil
Which of the following is the national flag of Pakistan? (A) A tricolor flag with green, white, and black stripes in the ratio 2:3, with a white crescent and star in the center. (B) A white flag with a green crescent and star in the center. (C) A green flag with a white crescent and star in the center. (D) A black flag with a white crescent and star in the center.
Which of the following is the national anthem of Pakistan? (A) Qaumi Tarana (B) Aye Watan Pakistan (C) Pak Sar Zameen (D) Hamdard
Which of the following is the national song of Pakistan? (A) Qaumi Tarana (B) Aye Watan Pakistan (C) Pak Sar Zameen (D) Hamdard
Which of the following is the national motto of Pakistan? (A) Iman, Ittehad, Tanzeem (B) Unity, Faith, Discipline (C) Justice, Equality, Liberty (D) Peace, Progress, Prosperity
Which of the following is the national animal of Bangladesh? (A) Lion (B) Tiger (C) Elephant (D) Rhinoceros
Which of the following is the national flower of Bangladesh? (A) Lotus (B) Rose (C) Jasmine (D) Sunflower
Which of the following is the national bird of Bangladesh? (A) Peacock (B) Parrot (C) Eagle (D) Owl
Which of the following is the national language of Bangladesh? (A) Bengali (B) English (C) Sanskrit (D) Tamil
Which of the following is the national flag of Bangladesh? (A) A green flag with a red