Endothermic reactions are those chemical reactions where energy is absorbed by the system from the surroundings mostly in the form of heat. The concept is applied in the physical sciences like chemical reactions where hear is converted to chemical bond energy by way of experiments. Common examples of endothermic reactions are cooking an egg, Photosynthesis, and Evaporation. This reactions process accounts for the enthalpy change of a reaction only. The overall energy analysis of any reaction is the Gibbs free energy that includes temperature and entropy in addition to the enthalpy. The point to mention here is that endothermic reactions release energy always in the form of heat only. Moreover, the products have more energy as compared to the reactants. The end result of any endothermic reaction is in an increase in chemical potential energy. The endothermic reaction always needs a greater amount of energy to break the existing Bonds in the reactants in order to need the new bonds form in the products. In a nutshell in the endothermic reactions process, less energy is added to the Environment as compared to the amount of energy absorbed to initiate and maintain the reaction.
Exothermic Reactions
An exothermic reaction is a Chemical Reaction that releases energy in the form of heat, Light, Sound or even electricity. It can be expressed as the reaction where reactants results in products and energy. Overall it adds energy to the surroundings. Moreover, it is the energy that is needed to start the reaction process and is always less than the energy released. It ‘s hard to measure the amount of energy released during the chemical process. However, the enthalpy change of a chemical reaction is easier to work, and it always equals the change in internal energy of the system and the amount of work required to change the volume of the system against constant ambient pressure. The concept of exothermic reactions process is applied in the physical sciences to chemical reactions where the energy of chemical bond is converted into thermal energy. It explains two kinds of chemical systems or reactions found in nature. In a nutshell in the overall process, more energy is added to the environment as compared to the amount of energy that was absorbed to initiate and maintain the reaction.
Key Differences
Endothermic reactions absorbed the heat while exothermic reactions give out the heat.
In the case of endothermic reactions, the content of energy of the reactants is always less than the products while it happens reverse in the case of the exothermic reactions.
The change of enthalpy for endothermic reactions is always positive while it tends to negative in case of AH in a change of enthalpy in the exothermic reactions.
In endothermic reactions, small positive free energy while in exothermic reactions large negative free energy.
All endergonic reactions are exothermic while all exergonic reactions are exothermic.
The common examples of endothermic reactions are cooking an egg, photosynthesis, and evaporation. The common examples of exothermic reactions are a fireplace, Respiration, and combustion.
Endothermic results in an increase in chemical potential energy while exothermic reactions result in a decrease in chemical potential energy.
Exothermic reactions are hotter than surroundings while endothermic reactions are cooler than surroundings.
In endothermic reactions, energy is always present in the form of heat while in the case of exothermic reactions; energy is always present in the form of heat, electricity, sound or light.
In the endothermic reactions process, less energy is added to the environment as compared to the amount of energy absorbed to initiate and maintain the reaction. In exothermic reactions process, more energy is added to the environment as compared to the amount of energy that was absorbed to initiate and maintain the reaction.
A chemical reaction is a process that changes one or more substances into new substances. The reactants are the substances that are present at the beginning of the reaction, and the products are the substances that are formed at the end of the reaction.
In an exothermic reaction, heat is released. This means that the products of the reaction have less energy than the reactants. Exothermic reactions are often used to generate heat, such as in cooking or heating homes.
In an endothermic reaction, heat is absorbed. This means that the products of the reaction have more energy than the reactants. Endothermic reactions are often used to cool things down, such as in refrigeration or air conditioning.
Exothermic Reactions
An exothermic reaction is a chemical reaction that releases energy in the form of heat. The heat released can be used to cook food, generate electricity, or power machines.
Exothermic reactions are often used in cooking. When you cook food, you are breaking down the bonds between the Molecules in the food. This releases energy in the form of heat, which cooks the food.
Exothermic reactions are also used to generate electricity. In a power plant, coal is burned to produce heat. This heat is used to boil water, which turns into steam. The steam then turns a turbine, which generates electricity.
Exothermic reactions are also used to power machines. In a car, gasoline is burned to produce heat. This heat is used to turn the pistons in the engine, which powers the car.
Endothermic Reactions
An endothermic reaction is a chemical reaction that absorbs energy in the form of heat. The heat absorbed can be used to cool things down, such as in refrigeration or air conditioning.
Endothermic reactions are often used in refrigeration. In a refrigerator, a chemical called a refrigerant absorbs heat from the inside of the refrigerator. This heat is then transferred to the outside of the refrigerator, where it is released into the air.
Endothermic reactions are also used in air conditioning. In an air conditioner, a chemical called a refrigerant absorbs heat from the inside of the building. This heat is then transferred to the outside of the building, where it is released into the air.
Endothermic reactions are also used in some types of batteries. In a battery, a chemical reaction takes place that produces electricity. This chemical reaction absorbs heat, which helps to keep the battery cool.
Uses of Exothermic and Endothermic Reactions
Exothermic and endothermic reactions are used in a variety of applications. Some of the most common uses include:
Cooking: Exothermic reactions are used to cook food. When food is cooked, the bonds between the molecules in the food are broken down. This releases energy in the form of heat, which cooks the food.
Heating homes: Exothermic reactions are used to heat homes. In a furnace, fuel is burned to produce heat. This heat is then used to warm the air in the home.
Generating electricity: Exothermic reactions are used to generate electricity. In a power plant, coal is burned to produce heat. This heat is then used to boil water, which turns into steam. The steam then turns a turbine, which generates electricity.
Powering machines: Exothermic reactions are used to power machines. In a car, gasoline is burned to produce heat. This heat is then used to turn the pistons in the engine, which powers the car.
Cooling things down: Endothermic reactions are used to cool things down. In a refrigerator, a chemical called a refrigerant absorbs heat from the inside of the refrigerator. This heat is then transferred to the outside of the refrigerator, where it is released into the air.
Air conditioning: Endothermic reactions are used in air conditioning. In an air conditioner, a chemical called a refrigerant absorbs heat from the inside of the building. This heat is then transferred to the outside of the building, where it is released into the air.
Batteries: Endothermic reactions are used in some types of batteries. In a battery, a chemical reaction takes place that produces electricity. This chemical reaction absorbs heat, which helps to keep the battery cool.
These are just a few of the many uses of exothermic and endothermic reactions. These reactions are essential to many of the technologies that we rely on in our everyday lives.
What is a chemical reaction?
A chemical reaction is a process that changes one or more substances into one or more new substances.
What are the different types of chemical reactions?
There are many different types of chemical reactions, but some of the most common include:
Synthesis reactions: Two or more substances combine to form a new substance.
Decomposition reactions: A single substance breaks down into two or more simpler substances.
Single replacement reactions: One element replaces another element in a compound.
Double replacement reactions: Two compounds exchange ions to form two new compounds.
Combustion reactions: A substance reacts with Oxygen to produce heat and light.
What are the reactants and products in a chemical reaction?
The reactants are the substances that are present at the beginning of a chemical reaction. The products are the substances that are formed at the end of a chemical reaction.
What is the balanced chemical equation for a chemical reaction?
A balanced chemical equation is an equation that shows the reactants and products of a chemical reaction in a way that reflects the law of conservation of mass. The law of conservation of mass states that matter cannot be created or destroyed, only changed from one form to another.
What are the steps involved in balancing a chemical equation?
There are a few different methods that can be used to balance a chemical equation. One common method is to use trial and error to add coefficients to the reactants and products until the number of atoms of each element is the same on both sides of the equation.
What are some common mistakes people make when balancing chemical equations?
Some common mistakes people make when balancing chemical equations include:
Forgetting to add coefficients to all of the reactants and products.
Not making sure that the number of atoms of each element is the same on both sides of the equation.
Making careless errors, such as adding or subtracting the wrong coefficient.
What are some applications of chemical reactions?
Chemical reactions are used in a wide variety of applications, including:
Manufacturing: Chemical reactions are used to produce a variety of products, such as plastics, pharmaceuticals, and Fertilizers.
Energy production: Chemical reactions are used to generate electricity, such as in power Plants that burn coal or natural gas.
Food Processing: Chemical reactions are used to preserve food, such as in the process of canning.
Medicine: Chemical reactions are used to create drugs and other medical treatments.
What are some safety precautions that should be taken when working with chemical reactions?
When working with chemical reactions, it is important to take the following safety precautions:
Always wear safety goggles and gloves when handling chemicals.
Work in a well-ventilated area.
Never mix chemicals that you are not familiar with.
Read the labels on all chemicals carefully.
If you are unsure about how to handle a chemical, ask for help from a qualified professional.
Question 1
Which of the following is an example of an exothermic reaction?
(A) Burning wood (B) Melting ice (C) Dissolving salt in water (D) Rusting iron
Answer
(A) is the correct answer. Burning wood is an example of an exothermic reaction because it releases heat.
Question 2
Which of the following is an example of an endothermic reaction?
(A) Cooking food (B) Freezing water (C) Dissolving salt in water (D) Photosynthesis
Answer
(B) is the correct answer. Freezing water is an example of an endothermic reaction because it absorbs heat.
Question 3
In an exothermic reaction, the products have ____ energy than the reactants.
(A) More (B) Less (C) The same
Answer
(A) is the correct answer. In an exothermic reaction, the products have more energy than the reactants. This energy is released as heat.
Question 4
In an endothermic reaction, the products have ____ energy than the reactants.
(A) More (B) Less (C) The same
Answer
(B) is the correct answer. In an endothermic reaction, the products have less energy than the reactants. This energy is absorbed from the surroundings.
Question 5
Which of the following is a sign of an exothermic reaction?
(A) The reaction is accompanied by a decrease in temperature. (B) The reaction is accompanied by an increase in temperature. (C) The reaction is accompanied by a release of heat. (D) The reaction is accompanied by an absorption of heat.
Answer
(C) is the correct answer. An exothermic reaction is accompanied by a release of heat.
Question 6
Which of the following is a sign of an endothermic reaction?
(A) The reaction is accompanied by a decrease in temperature. (B) The reaction is accompanied by an increase in temperature. (C) The reaction is accompanied by a release of heat. (D) The reaction is accompanied by an absorption of heat.
Answer
(D) is the correct answer. An endothermic reaction is accompanied by an absorption of heat.