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Chattisgarh is rich in Resources/”>Energy Resources. Coal is the major Source Of Energy in Chattisgarh. Apart from Coal Thermal power, Hydro Power, geothermal power and Renewable source constitutes the Energy Resource of Chattisgarh.
Coal
The state has 16% of the total coal deposits of India. 44483 million tonnes coal has been estimated in 12 coalfields of the State located in Raigarh, Surguja, Koriya and Korba districts.
The state ranks 2nd in coal production by contributing over 18% to the total national production. Most of the coal deposits are of power grade coal. NTPC & CSEB in Korba are the major producer of thermal power and new a plant of NTPC has been started in Seepat, Bilaspur.
Potential for more power generation units exist in the State. New capacities of 10,000 MW are expected to materialize.
Coalfields of Chattisgarh are
- SOHAGPUR COALFIELD–Non-Coking Coal. Sohagpur Coalfield is a part of Central India Coalfields. It is spread over the districts of Surguja, Koriya (both in Chhattisgarh), Shahdol and Umaria (both in Madhya Pradesh).
- SONHAT COALFIELD– Semi Coking and Non Coking Coal .It is in Koriya district of state. Sonhat represents one of the largestcoal reserve in India having estimated reserves of 2.67 billion tonnes of coal.
- JHILIMILI COALFIELD-Non-Coking Coal. Jhilimili Coalfield is a part of Central India Coalfields. The latter is spread over the districts ofSurguja, Koriya (both in Chhattisgarh), Shahdol and Umaria (both in Madhya Pradesh). Estimated total reserves are 215.31 million tonnes, out of which about half have been indicated to be Grade I. According to the Geological Survey of India, total reserves of non-coking coal (as of 1 January 2004) in Jhilimili Coalfield (up to a depth of 300m) was 267.10 million tonnes.
- CHIRIMIRI COALFIELD– Non-Coking Coal. Chirimiri Coalfield is located in Koriya district in the Indian state of Chhattisgarh in the valley of the Hasdeo River, a tributary of the Mahanadi.
- BISRAMPUR COALFIELD– Non-Coking Coal. The 3 million ton-per-annum Bisrampur coal mine is owned bySouth Eastern Coalfields Limited (a subsidiary of state-owned Coal India).it is in Surajpur district.
- LAKHANPUR COALFIELD- Non-Coking Coal. jharsugda district.
- PANCHBAHINI COALFIELD– Non Coking Coal found here.
- HASDO-ARAND COALFIELD- Non-Coking Coal. TheHasdeo-Arand coal mines are a 5 million ton-per-annum (MTPA) Network of mines on the Hasdeo-Arand coalfield in Chhattisgarh state, India.It is in Korba district.
- SENDURGARH COALFIELD– Non-Coking Coal.
- KORBA COALFIELD– Non-Coking Coal. Korba Coalfieldis located in Korba district in the Indian state of Chhattisgarh in the basin of the Hasdeo River, a tributary of the Mahanadi. According to Geological Survey of India, total reserves (including proved, indicated and inferred reserves) of non-coking coal (as on 1.1.2004) in Korba Coalfield was 10,074.77 million tonnes, out of which 7,732.87 was up to a depth of 300 m and 2,341.90 million tonnes was at a depth of 300–600 m.
MAND-RAIGARH COALFIELD– Non-Coking Coal. Mand Raigarh Coalfield is located in Raigarh district in the Indian state of Chhattisgarh. It lies in the valley of the Mand River, a tributary of the Mahanadi. Mand Raigarh Coalfield, along with Korba and Hasdo Arand Coalfields forms the South Chhattisgarh Coalfields.
- TATAPANI-RAMKOLA COALFIELD– Non-Coking Coal. Surguja district.
Thermal Power
Chhattisgarh is located in Central India. The State has vast coal Resources and Korba in Chhattisgarh is the Power Capital of the country. NTPC has Super Thermal Power Plant in Korba and is working at 90% Plant Load Factor.
Some of the premier Chattisgarh power stations are as follows
:
Korba (West) Thermal Power Station.- Hasdeo Thermal Power Station also known as Korba West Thermal Power Station, a 840 MW (4×210 MW) coal-based thermal power plant. Capacity addition of 500 MW (2×250 MW) is ongoing at the site, this phase is known as Korba West Extension Thermal Power Plant. It is in District of Bilaspur.
Korba (East) Thermal Power Station) – Korba Thermal Power Station also known as Korba East Thermal Power Station, Korba Thermal Power Station is among the largest thermal power Plants in the country. It is a coal power station located at Jamanipali in Korba. The thermal power station has a power generating capacity of 540 MW.
Korba Super Thermal Power Station
Korba Super Thermal Power Plant is situated at Jamanipali in Chhattisgarh. It is 1 of the coal based thermal power station by NTPC.
Jindal Megha PP (private)
Jindal Tanmar Thermal Power Plant is a coal-based thermal power plant located in Tamnar village near Raigarh town.The power plant is operated by the Jindal Power Limited which is a subsidiary of Jindal Steel And Power.
The coal for the plant is sourced from captive coal mine. The Engineering, procurement and construction contract was given to BHEL. current capacity is of 600 MW.
LANCO Thermal Power Station
Lanco Amarkantak Power Plant is a coal based thermal power project located at Pathadi village in Korba district . The power plant owned and operated by Lanco Infratech. current capacity of 300 MW.
Sipat TPP
Sipat Super Thermal Power Station or Rajiv Gandhi Super Thermal Power Station is located at Sipat in Bilaspur District . The power plant is one of the coal based power plants of NTPC. The coal for the power plant is sourced from Dipika Mines of South Eastern Coalfields.
The project has an installed capacity of 2980 MW consisting of two stages, stage one which got commissioned late was of 3 units of 660 MW each involving super-critical boilers technology and stage two consisted of 2 units of 500 MW each.
Hydro Power
Gangrel Hydroelectric Project
Gangrel Dam, also known as the R.S. Sagar Dam, is located in Chhattisgarh, India. It is built across the Mahanadi River. It is located in Dhamtari district. It is the longest dam in Chhattisgarh. This dam supplies year round Irrigation, allowing farmers to harvest two crops per year. The dam also supplies 10 MW of hydro-electric power capacity.
Hasdeo Bango Hydroelectric Project
The Hasdeo Bango Hydro Electric Plant is situated at Hasdeo River, having capacity of generating 120 MW power. Hasdeo Bango Dam is situated about 42 km up-stream of Hasdeo Bango River at Korba, in Chhattisgarh. The dam is constructed on the Hasdeo River. The dam is about 555 m long and has 11 gates, out of which 10 are operational. There is a 177 m long rock filled dam and a 1778 m long earthen dam to the left and right of Bango Dam. The dam with its big power house is a tourist attraction.
Sikaser Hydroelectric Project
It is at pairi river. it has total installed capacity of 7 MW.
Geothermal power
Besides conventional sources of Energy State of Chattisgarh is also rich in non conventional sources of Energy like Geothermal.
The first geo-thermal power project for India will be established in Tatapani, Balrampur district Chhattisgarh. India’s first geo-thermal power project would use underground hot water springs at Tatapani to convert it into steam, and then generate electricity by using special technology. A memorandum of understanding in this connection was signed between National Thermal Power Corp. (NTPC) and Chhattisgarh RENEWABLE ENERGY Development Agency (CREDA).
Unlike traditional power plants, geothermal power plants use a renewable resource that needn’t be imported. However, the initial costs are on the higher side because of exploration costs and the possibility of only one in many explorations resulting in a sustainable and useful reservoir.
Renewable Energy
Chhattisgarh currently has a total renewable energy potential of 4,500 MW which includes solar (grid connected and roof top), wind, Biomass/”>Biomass and small hydro. The state is planning to add 2,640 MW of capacity during the next 4 years till FY 2018-19.
The state has also planned install solar powered pump sets for agriculture consumers which will benefit 16,000 consumers.
Chhattisgarh Government has also planned to distribute 3 LED lamp to each of 16 lakh BPL household & up to 5 LED lamp to each of 18 lakh APL household through EESL.
Some vital information regarding Renewable Energy
- CREDA – the State Nodal Agency of Ministry of New & Renewable Energy (Govt. of India) responsible for Development, Deployment and Promotion of Renewable Energy in the State .
- Total Installed Capacity of Power Generation – 5407 MW.
- RE based Power plant – 279 M. Contribution of RE Power – over 5 %.
- State Electricity Regulatory Commissions (SERC) has mandated Renewable Purchase Obligations to promote RE.
- Obligated entities require to procure RE Power up to 20% (by 2020) of their power consumption.
- RE Power generation is declared as priority sector under state Industrial Policy.
- Announced attractive state policy for promotion of Solar, Wind, Hydro & Biomass power project. New Solar Policy to be announced soon.
Factors / Strategies Contributing to Success of Renewable Energy
- State and central financial support for installation of systems.
- Annual Budgetary support from state Govt. for O & M of the installed systems.
- Organizational set up for every plant to ensure functionality & monitoring of systems through service providers .
- Community participation/involvement from site survey to completion of projects Which encourage ownership of villagers.
- Need/demand based system’s capacity assessment and readiness of users /consumers to pay charges.
- Timely completion of projects and capacity enhancement wherever required.
CREDA – Chhattisgarh State Renewable Energy Development Agency
- It has been constituted on 25th May 2001 under the Department of Energy, Government of Chhattisgarh for implementation of various schemes pertaining to Renewable Energy sources and Energy Conservation activities.
- It is registered under Society Act 1973 with the controlling body being Energy Department, Govt. of Chhattisgarh.
- CREDA is established as the State Nodal Agency by State Govt. for development and promotion of non-conventional & renewable sources of energy.
- Most of the scheme like National Programme on Bio-gas Development, Solar Thermal, Solar Photo Voltaic, Remote Village Electrification and Biomass Gasifier, sponsored by Ministry of Non-Conventional & Renewable Energy Sources (MNRE), Government of India are implemented by CREDA.
- Government of Chhattisgarh has notified CREDA as the State Designated Agency (SDA) to coordinate, regulate and enforce the provision of the Energy Conservation Act-2001 and implement schemes under the Act within the State of Chhattisgarh.
- This is a significant step forward for CREDA having additional responsibility of promoting Energy Efficiency and developing energy conservation projects besides facilitating renewable energy development within Chhattisgarh State. Within a short span, CREDA has done a pioneering job in various energy efficiency activities in Chhattisgarh.
Since its inception, CREDA did extensive work in the field of Renewable Energy focusing on rural areas and stand alone devices. It has implemented projects in the field of power generation from renewable energy and Environment friendly sources. To undertake this onerous responsibility, CREDA has positioned itself as an organization with enough financial and human capabilities having a professional organizational structure. It has also undertaken extensive Human resource development activities which has created a modern working environment for its staff.
Energy Policy of Chattisgarh
Keeping in view the above objectives the State Government enunciates the
Following Energy Policy:
Rural Electrification: To bring per capita electricity consumption at par with national level, State Government accords highest priority to providing electricity to all the villages and Majra /Tolas (Hamlets). Transmission & Distribution network shall be accordingly strengthened.
Energy for Agriculture: Keeping in view the important role of agriculture in the State’s Economic Development and low irrigation Percentage, priority shall be accorded to energisation of agriculture pump sets.
Energy for Industries: For giving impetus to industrial Investment in the State, it is absolutely essential that industries get quality power at reasonable rates. State Government resolves to make reliable power available to industries at reasonable rates so that in the present competitive scenario, new industries get attracted to the State. A separate package shall be prepared to. Revive the closed industries.
Captives Power Plants: Keeping in view the State Government’s resolve to make Chhattisgarh ‘Power Hub’ of the nation, State Government would encourage power generation through captive power plants and would liberally grant permission for the same. Captive power plant owners would be allowed to sell power to their sister concerns. However, sale to third party within the State shall not be allowed.
Generation: Because of abundant availability of coal and water, there exists a wide scope for coal-based power projects in the State. In addition, the State has very good potential for power generation through non-conventional energy sources especially through Hydel projects.
Power Sector Reforms:
Keeping in view the national policy for power sector reforms, State Government shall take following steps: –
(a) A separate State Electricity Regulatory Commission has been constituted.
It shall be made effective.
(b) Existing electricity tariff shall be rationalized.
(c) If any policy of the State Government for fulfilment of social objectives of the State results in financial loss to CSEB then the loss shall be compensated by State Government by making provision in the Budget.
(d) To bring down line losses in Transmission and Distribution (T&D), effective metering at all levels of T &D shall be done, so that proper energy audit can be under-taken and accountability fixed.
(e) With a view to avert energy theft, cent-percent metering of all consumers
is essential. Due to the large quantum of this work, it shall be done in a phased manner,.
(f) To curb the increasing tendency of energy theft, effective steps shall be taken by State Government. Surprise checks by flying squads will be conducted and strict legal action will be taken against those found indulging in theft. Informers of energy theft shall be rewarded. Services of judicial officers will also be obtained as per requirement.
(g) Keeping In view the experience of other States in the process of power sector reforms and considering local situations, all-possible efforts shall be made to make CSEB more efficient.
(h) Private investment and participation shall be encouraged in transmission sector.
(i) There is an immediate need for reforms in distribution sector. To begin with, distribution work of some areas in the State shall be given to private.
Development of Non Conventional Energy
There exists a large scope of energy generation and utilization in the State
Through Solar, Biomass, Bio-gas, Hydel etc. Non-conventional energy
Resources are also very important from the viewpoint of environment
Conservation.Therefore installation of power plants using non-conventional
Energy resources shall be encouraged by State Government.
Energy Conservation and Demand side management
Looking to the importance of energy and it’s high generation cost, it is not
only essential to stop misuse of energy but also to conserve energy by way of
demand side management. Effective measures for creating i awareness about
energy efficient appliances like agriculture pump sets, energy efficient bulb
tube lights etc, shall be taken by State Government.
Consumer Satisfaction
State Government is of clear opinion that in Energy sector, consumer
Satisfaction is supreme. Therefore, for speedy Redressal of complaints of all
Category of consumers viz -agriculture, Industry, domestic and others, a
System shall be devised by which Redressal is ensured within a fixed time
Limit. Electricity bills will be simplified and services of Banks and Information
Technology (IT) shall be availed to improve the process of payment of energy
Bill.,
Coal
Coal is a fossil fuel formed from the remains of ancient plants that have been buried and subjected to intense heat and pressure over millions of years. It is a solid, black or brown mineral that is found in seams or layers in the Earth’s crust. Coal is the most abundant fossil fuel in the world, and it is used to generate electricity, produce steel, and make other products.
Coal is a non-renewable resource, which means that it cannot be replaced once it is used up. Burning coal releases carbon dioxide into the Atmosphere, which contributes to Climate change. Coal mining can also have a negative impact on the environment, as it can lead to deforestation, Water Pollution, and Air Pollution.
Despite these drawbacks, coal remains an important source of energy in many parts of the world. It is a relatively inexpensive fuel, and it is abundant. However, as the world’s Population continues to grow, the demand for energy is also increasing. This means that we need to find ways to use coal more efficiently and to reduce the environmental impact of coal mining.
Natural gas
Natural gas is a fossil fuel that is found in underground deposits. It is a mixture of gases, primarily methane, but also ethane, propane, butane, and other hydrocarbons. Natural gas is a clean-burning fuel that produces fewer emissions than coal or oil. It is also a relatively abundant resource, and it can be transported easily through pipelines.
Natural gas is used to generate electricity, heat homes and businesses, and power vehicles. It is also used to make chemicals and Fertilizers. Natural gas is a valuable resource, and it is expected to play an increasingly important role in the global energy mix in the years to come.
Hydropower
Hydropower is a form of renewable energy that uses the power of moving water to generate electricity. Hydropower plants are typically located on rivers or streams, and they use Dams to create reservoirs. The water in the reservoir is then released through turbines, which spin generators to produce electricity.
Hydropower is a clean and efficient form of energy, and it does not produce greenhouse gases. However, hydropower projects can have a significant impact on the environment. Dams can block fish Migration, and they can also inundate forests and wetlands.
Despite these drawbacks, hydropower is a valuable source of renewable energy. It is a reliable source of power, and it can help to reduce our reliance on fossil fuels.
Solar Energy
Solar energy is a form of renewable energy that comes from the sun. Solar panels convert sunlight into electricity, which can be used to power homes and businesses. Solar energy is a clean and efficient form of energy, and it does not produce greenhouse gases.
Solar energy is becoming increasingly popular as the cost of solar panels continues to decline. Solar energy is a viable option for many homeowners and businesses, and it can help to reduce our reliance on fossil fuels.
Wind Energy
Wind energy is a form of renewable energy that comes from the wind. Wind turbines convert the kinetic energy of the wind into electricity, which can be used to power homes and businesses. Wind energy is a clean and efficient form of energy, and it does not produce greenhouse gases.
Wind energy is becoming increasingly popular as the cost of wind turbines continues to decline. Wind energy is a viable option for many homeowners and businesses, and it can help to reduce our reliance on fossil fuels.
Biomass energy
Biomass energy is a form of renewable energy that comes from organic matter. Biomass can be used to generate electricity, heat homes and businesses, and produce transportation fuels. Biomass is a renewable resource, and it does not produce greenhouse gases when it is burned.
However, biomass can also have a negative impact on the environment. Burning biomass can release pollutants into the air, and it can also contribute to deforestation.
Despite these drawbacks, biomass energy is a valuable source of renewable energy. It is a reliable source of power, and it can help to reduce our reliance on fossil fuels.
Nuclear Energy
Nuclear energy is a form of energy that comes from the splitting of atoms. Nuclear power plants use nuclear fission to generate electricity. Nuclear energy is a clean and efficient form of energy, and it does not produce greenhouse gases.
However, nuclear power plants produce radioactive waste, and they also pose a risk of accidents. Nuclear energy is a controversial topic, and it is not a viable option for all countries.
Despite these drawbacks, nuclear energy is a valuable source of energy. It is a reliable source of power, and it can help to reduce our reliance on fossil fuels.
What are the different types of energy resources?
There are two main types of energy resources: renewable and non-renewable. Renewable energy resources are those that can be replenished naturally, such as solar and wind power. Non-renewable energy resources are those that cannot be replenished, such as coal and oil.
What are the benefits of renewable energy?
Renewable energy has many benefits, including:
- It is clean and does not produce greenhouse gases.
- It is sustainable and can be used indefinitely.
- It is becoming increasingly affordable.
What are the challenges of renewable energy?
Renewable energy also has some challenges, including:
- It is not always available, such as when the sun is not shining or the wind is not blowing.
- It can be difficult to store.
- It can be expensive to install and maintain.
What are the different types of renewable energy?
There are many different types of renewable energy, including:
- Solar power: This is the conversion of sunlight into electricity.
- Wind power: This is the conversion of the kinetic energy of wind into electricity.
- Hydropower: This is the conversion of the kinetic energy of moving water into electricity.
- Geothermal power: This is the conversion of heat from the Earth’s interior into electricity.
- Biomass power: This is the conversion of organic matter into electricity.
- Wave power: This is the conversion of the kinetic energy of waves into electricity.
- Tidal power: This is the conversion of the kinetic energy of tides into electricity.
What are the different types of non-renewable energy?
There are many different types of non-renewable energy, including:
- Coal: This is a fossil fuel that is formed from the remains of ancient plants and animals.
- Oil: This is a fossil fuel that is formed from the remains of ancient Marine Organisms.
- Natural gas: This is a fossil fuel that is formed from the remains of ancient plants and animals.
- Nuclear power: This is the conversion of the heat from nuclear fission into electricity.
What are the benefits of non-renewable energy?
Non-renewable energy has some benefits, including:
- It is abundant and relatively inexpensive.
- It is reliable and can be used to generate large amounts of electricity.
- It is well-developed and has a long history of use.
What are the challenges of non-renewable energy?
Non-renewable energy also has some challenges, including:
- It is not sustainable and will eventually run out.
- It produces greenhouse gases that contribute to Climate Change.
- It can be dangerous to extract and use.
What is the future of energy?
The future of energy is uncertain, but it is likely that renewable energy will play an increasingly important role. Renewable energy is becoming more affordable and efficient, and it has many benefits over non-renewable energy. However, there are still some challenges that need to be addressed, such as intermittency and storage.
Sure. Here are some MCQs on the following topics:
Which of the following is not a major energy resource of India?
(A) Coal
(B) Petroleum
(C) Natural gas
(D) Nuclear powerThe largest producer of coal in India is:
(A) Jharkhand
(B) Chhattisgarh
(C) West Bengal
(D) OdishaThe largest producer of petroleum in India is:
(A) Assam
(B) Gujarat
(C) Rajasthan
(D) MaharashtraThe largest producer of natural gas in India is:
(A) Assam
(B) Gujarat
(C) Rajasthan
(D) MaharashtraThe largest producer of nuclear power in India is:
(A) Tamil Nadu
(B) Karnataka
(C) Andhra Pradesh
(D) MaharashtraEnergy Resources of the World
Which of the following is the most abundant energy resource in the world?
(A) Coal
(B) Petroleum
(C) Natural gas
(D) Nuclear powerThe largest producer of coal in the world is:
(A) China
(B) India
(C) the United States
(D) AustraliaThe largest producer of petroleum in the world is:
(A) Saudi Arabia
(B) Russia
(C) the United States
(D) IranThe largest producer of natural gas in the world is:
(A) Russia
(B) Iran
(C) Qatar
(D) the United StatesThe largest producer of nuclear power in the world is:
(A) the United States
(B) France
(C) China
(D) RussiaEnergy Resources of the Future
Which of the following is the most promising energy resource of the future?
(A) Solar energy
(B) Wind energy
(C) Hydroelectric energy
(D) Nuclear fusionSolar energy is a type of:
(A) renewable energy
(B) non-renewable energy
(C) fossil fuel
(D) nuclear energyWind energy is a type of:
(A) renewable energy
(B) non-renewable energy
(C) fossil fuel
(D) nuclear energyHydroelectric energy is a type of:
(A) renewable energy
(B) non-renewable energy
(C) fossil fuel
(D) nuclear energyNuclear fusion is a type of:
(A) renewable energy
(B) non-renewable energy
(C) fossil fuel
(D) nuclear energy