Electrostatics

<–2/”>a >Electrostatic

The basic principle of Electrostatics is based on the fact the electric charges attract or repel other charges depending on their relative signs and the law of force is given by Coulomb‘s law.

Coulomb’s law states that: The magnitude of the electrostatic force of interaction between two point charges is directly proportional to the scalar multiplication of the magnitudes of charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. The force is along the straight line joining them.

The electric field E at a point is defined as the electric force F experienced by a positive test charge q placed at that point divided by the magnitude of the test charge.

Properties of Electric Lines of Force or Field Lines

The electric lines of force are imaginary lines.
A unit positive charge placed in the electric field tends to follow a path along the field line if it is free to do so.
The electric lines of force emanate from a positive charge and terminate on a negative charge.
The tangent to an electric field line at any point gives the direction of the electric field at that point.
Two electric lines of force can never cross each other. If they do, then at the point of intersection, there will be two tangents. It means there are two values of the electric field at that point, which is not possible. Further, electric field being a vector quantity, there can be only one resultant field at the given point, represented by one tangent at the given point for the given line of force.
Electric lines of force are closer (crowded) where the electric field is stronger and the lines spread out where the electric field is weaker.
Electric lines of force are perpendicular to the surface of a positively or negatively charged body.
Electric lines of force contract lengthwise to represent attraction between two unlike charges.
Electric lines of force exert lateral (sideways) pressure to represent repulsion between two like charges.

10.The number of lines per unit cross – sectional area perpendicular to the field lines (i.e. density of lines of force) is directly proportional to the magnitude of the intensity of electric field in that region.

Electric lines of force do not pass through a conductor. Hence, the interior of the conductor is free from the influence of the electric field.
Electric lines of force can pass through an insulator.

Gauss’s Law states that The total of the electric flux out of a closed surface is equal to the charge enclosed divided by the permittivity.

Electric field from uniformly charged thin spherical shell:

outside the shell with magnitudeinside the shellwhere:

Q is total charge of the shell

R is radius of the shellis position vector of point P where the electric field is defined

Electric field from uniformly charged solid sphere:outside the sphere with magnitudeinside the sphere with magnitude

Electric field from uniformly charged thin line:

with magnitude where:is linear charge density of the line with length L charged by charge Q

is radius-vector drawn perpendicular to axis of the line from the axis to the point where the electric field is defined

Electric field from uniformly charged thin cylindrical shell:

outside the shell with magnitude

inside the shell

Electric field from uniformly charged solid cylinder:

outside the cylinder with magnitude

inside the cylinder with magnitude

where:

is linear charge density of the cylinder with length L charged by charge Q

R is radius of cylinder

is radius-vector normal to axis of the line drawn from the axis to the point where the electric field is defined,

Odisha is a state in eastern India. It is the 10th largest state in India by area and the 13th largest by Population. The state is bordered by Jharkhand to the north, Chhattisgarh to the northwest, West Bengal to the west, Andhra Pradesh to the south, and the Bay of Bengal to the east. The state capital is Bhubaneswar.

Odisha has a rich history and culture. The state was home to the ancient Kalinga kingdom, which was conquered by the Mauryan Empire in the 4th century BCE. Odisha was also ruled by The Gupta Empire, the Chalukya Empire, the Eastern Ganga dynasty, and the Gajapati Empire. The state was conquered by the British East India Company in the 18th century and became a part of British India. Odisha gained independence from British rule in 1947.

Odisha is a developing state with a diverse economy. The state’s major industries include agriculture, mining, manufacturing, and tourism. Odisha is also home to a number of important educational institutions, including the Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, the National institute of technology Rourkela, and the University of Bhubaneswar.

The following are some of the major schemes and projects implemented by the Government of Odisha:

Agriculture
- KALIA Yojana is a centrally sponsored scheme launched by the Government of India in 2018. The scheme aims to provide financial assistance and other support to farmers in Odisha.
- Mission Shakti is a Women–Empowerment/”>Women Empowerment scheme launched by the Government of Odisha in 2001. The scheme aims to improve the socio-economic status of women in the state.
- Orissa Minor Irrigation Project is a centrally sponsored scheme launched by the Government of India in 1974. The scheme aims to provide irrigation facilities to farmers in the state.
- Orissa Lift Irrigation Project is a centrally sponsored scheme launched by the Government of India in 1974. The scheme aims to provide irrigation facilities to farmers in the state through lift irrigation.
- Orissa Minor Irrigation and Land Development Project is a centrally sponsored scheme launched by the Government of India in 1974. The scheme aims to provide irrigation facilities and land development assistance to farmers in the state.
- Orissa Minor Irrigation and Land Development Project II is a centrally sponsored scheme launched by the Government of India in 1974. The scheme aims to provide irrigation facilities and land development assistance to farmers in the state.
- Orissa Minor Irrigation and Land Development Project III is a centrally sponsored scheme launched by the Government of India in 1974. The scheme aims to provide irrigation facilities and land development assistance to farmers in the state.
- Orissa Minor Irrigation and Land Development Project IV is a centrally sponsored scheme launched by the Government of India in 1974. The scheme aims to provide irrigation facilities and land development assistance to farmers in the state.
- Orissa Minor Irrigation and Land Development Project V is a centrally sponsored scheme launched by the Government of India in 1974. The scheme aims to provide irrigation facilities and land development assistance to farmers in the state.
- Orissa Minor Irrigation and Land Development Project VI is a centrally sponsored scheme launched by the Government of India in 1974. The scheme aims to provide irrigation facilities and land development assistance to farmers in the state.
- Orissa Minor Irrigation and Land Development Project VII is a centrally sponsored scheme launched by the Government of India in 1974. The scheme aims to provide irrigation facilities and land development assistance to farmers in the state.
- Orissa Minor Irrigation and Land Development Project VIII is a centrally sponsored scheme launched by the Government of India in 1974. The scheme aims to provide irrigation facilities and land development assistance to farmers in the state.
- Orissa Minor Irrigation and Land Development Project IX is a centrally sponsored scheme launched by the Government of India in 1974. The scheme aims to provide irrigation facilities and land development assistance to farmers in the state.
- Orissa Minor Irrigation and Land Development Project X is a centrally sponsored scheme launched by the Government of India in 1974. The scheme aims to provide irrigation facilities and land development assistance to farmers in the state.
- Orissa Minor Irrigation and Land Development Project XI is a centrally sponsored scheme launched by the Government of India in 1974. The scheme aims to provide irrigation facilities and land development assistance to farmers in the state.
- Orissa Minor Irrigation and Land Development Project XII is a centrally sponsored scheme launched by the Government of India in 1974. The scheme aims to provide irrigation

Frequently Asked Questions about Odisha Schemes and Projects

What are some of the major schemes and projects being implemented in Odisha?

Some of the major schemes and projects being implemented in Odisha include:

The Biju Janata Dal government has launched a number of schemes and projects to improve the lives of the people of Odisha. These include the Biju Swasthya Kalyan Yojana (BSKY), the Biju Pucca Ghar Yojana (BPGY), the Biju Kshetra Samrakshan Yojana (BKSY), and the Biju Yuva Swabhiman Yojana (BYSY).
The BSKY is a Health insurance scheme that provides free medical treatment to all families in Odisha. The BPGY is a housing scheme that provides financial assistance to poor families to build pucca houses. The BKSY is a disaster relief scheme that provides financial assistance to families affected by natural disasters. The BYSY is a youth empowerment scheme that provides financial assistance to young people to start their own businesses.
The Odisha government has also launched a number of schemes and projects to improve the Infrastructure-2/”>INFRASTRUCTURE in the state. These include the Biju Expressway, the Biju Bhubaneswar Smart City, and the Biju Sagar Port.
The Biju Expressway is a highway that connects Bhubaneswar to Cuttack. The Biju Bhubaneswar Smart City is a project to develop Bhubaneswar into a smart city. The Biju Sagar Port is a port that is being built at Paradip.
What are the benefits of these schemes and projects?

The benefits of these schemes and projects include:

The BSKY provides free medical treatment to all families in Odisha, which has helped to improve the health of the people of Odisha.
The BPGY has helped to improve the living conditions of the people of Odisha by providing them with pucca houses.
The BKSY has helped to reduce the suffering of the people of Odisha affected by natural disasters by providing them with financial assistance.
The BYSY has helped to empower the youth of Odisha by providing them with financial assistance to start their own businesses.
The Biju Expressway has helped to improve the connectivity between Bhubaneswar and Cuttack, which has made it easier for people to travel between these two cities.
The Biju Bhubaneswar Smart City project has helped to improve the infrastructure in Bhubaneswar, which has made it a more livable city.
The Biju Sagar Port has helped to improve the Economy of Odisha by providing a port for the export and import of goods.
What are the challenges faced in implementing these schemes and projects?

The challenges faced in implementing these schemes and projects include:

The BSKY is a costly scheme, and the government has to find ways to finance it.
The BPGY is a time-consuming scheme, and the government has to find ways to speed up the process of providing pucca houses to the people.
The BKSY is a difficult scheme to implement, as the government has to deal with the aftermath of natural disasters.
The BYSY is a challenging scheme to implement, as the government has to find ways to empower the youth of Odisha.
The Biju Expressway is a long and difficult project to implement, as the government has to deal with the terrain and the weather conditions.
The Biju Bhubaneswar Smart City project is a complex project to implement, as the government has to deal with the existing infrastructure and the needs of the people.
The Biju Sagar Port is a large and expensive project to implement, and the government has to find ways to finance it.
What are the future plans for these schemes and projects?

The future plans for these schemes and projects include:

The BSKY will be expanded to cover more families in Odisha.
The BPGY will be accelerated to provide pucca houses to more families in Odisha.
The BKSY will be expanded to cover more people affected by natural disasters.
The BYSY will be expanded to cover more young people in Odisha.
The Biju Expressway will be extended to other parts of Odisha.
The Biju Bhubaneswar Smart City project will be expanded to cover other parts of Bhubaneswar.
The Biju Sagar Port will be expanded to handle more cargo.

Sure, here are some MCQs on the following topics:

Odisha’s economy
Odisha’s economy is the 11th largest economy in India. True or False?
The main sectors of Odisha’s economy are agriculture, mining, and manufacturing. True or False?
Odisha’s per capita income is lower than the national Average. True or False?
Odisha is a major producer of iron Ore, bauxite, and coal. True or False?
Odisha has a large number of small and medium enterprises. True or False?
Odisha’s culture
Odisha is home to a number of different ethnic groups. True or False?
The main languages spoken in Odisha are Odia, Hindi, and English. True or False?
Odisha is known for its rich culture and heritage. True or False?
Odisha is home to a number of UNESCO World Heritage Sites. True or False?
Odisha’s culture is a blend of Hinduism-2/”>Hinduism, Buddhism-2/”>Buddhism, and Jainism. True or False?
Odisha’s history
Odisha was ruled by the Kalinga dynasty from the 3rd century BC to the 6th century AD. True or False?
Odisha was ruled by the Eastern Ganga dynasty from the 7th century AD to the 14th century AD. True or False?
Odisha was ruled by the Gajapati dynasty from the 14th century AD to the 16th century AD. True or False?
Odisha was ruled by the Mughal Empire from the 16th century AD to the 18th century AD. True or False?
Odisha was ruled by the British East India Company from the 18th century AD to the 20th century AD. True or False?
Odisha’s geography
Odisha is located in the eastern part of India. True or False?
Odisha is bordered by the states of Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, and West Bengal. True or False?
Odisha has a coastline of about 480 kilometers. True or False?
Odisha is home to the Eastern Ghats mountain range. True or False?
Odisha is home to the Mahanadi River. True or False?
Odisha’s Climate
Odisha has a tropical climate. True or False?
The average temperature in Odisha is about 27 degrees Celsius. True or False?
The monsoon season in Odisha is from June to September. True or False?
Odisha receives an average rainfall of about 1,200 millimeters per year. True or False?
Odisha is prone to Cyclones-2/”>Cyclones. True or False?
Odisha’s wildlife
Odisha is home to a number of national parks and wildlife sanctuaries. True or False?
The main animals found in Odisha’s forests are tigers, elephants, rhinos, and leopards. True or False?
Odisha is home to a number of bird species. True or False?
Odisha is home to a number of reptile species. True or False?
Odisha is home to a number of amphibian species. True or False?

I hope these MCQs were helpful!