<<–2/”>a href=”https://exam.pscnotes.com/5653-2/”>p>the Wholesale Price Index (WPI) and Consumer Price Index (CPI), their differences, pros, cons, similarities, and frequently asked questions.
Introduction
The Wholesale Price Index (WPI) and Consumer Price Index (CPI) are two vital economic indicators used to measure Inflation. While both track price changes, they do so at different stages of the supply chain and with distinct focuses.
Key Differences: WPI vs. CPI
| Feature | Wholesale Price Index (WPI) | Consumer Price Index (CPI) |
|---|---|---|
| Definition | Measures the Average change in prices of goods at the wholesale level. | Measures the average change in prices of goods and Services purchased by consumers. |
| Focus | Wholesale transactions | Retail transactions |
| Stage in Supply Chain | Early stages (production and distribution) | Final stage (consumption) |
| Coverage | Primarily goods | Goods and services |
| Basket of Goods | Includes raw materials, Intermediate Goods, and finished goods | Includes a wider range of goods and services, such as food, housing, transportation, etc. |
| Weights | Higher weightage to manufactured goods | Higher weightage to food and beverages |
| Frequency | Monthly | Monthly |
| Published by | Office of Economic Adviser, Ministry of Commerce and Industry | National Statistical Office (NSO), Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation |
Advantages and Disadvantages
| Index | Advantages | Disadvantages |
|---|---|---|
| WPI | – Early indicator of inflationary trends | – Does not reflect the full Impact of Inflation on consumers |
| – Useful for producers, wholesalers, and policymakers | – Excludes services, which are a significant part of consumer spending | |
| CPI | – Reflects the actual cost of living for consumers | – Can be influenced by seasonal fluctuations and changes in consumption patterns |
| – Useful for wage negotiations and social security adjustments | – May not be representative of all consumer groups |
Similarities
- Both are measures of inflation.
- Both are calculated using a basket of goods and services.
- Both are published on a monthly basis.
- Both are used by policymakers and economists to monitor the Economy.
FAQs
Which index is a better indicator of inflation?
- Both have their merits. WPI provides an early warning of inflation, while CPI reflects the actual cost of living.
Why is the WPI sometimes higher than the CPI?
- This could be due to several factors, such as changes in indirect taxes, profit margins, or transportation costs.
How are the weights assigned to the items in the basket of goods and services?
- The weights are based on the consumption patterns of the Population.
What is the Base Year for WPI and CPI?
- The current base year for WPI is 2011-12, and for CPI, it’s 2012.
Are the WPI and CPI used in other countries?
- Yes, similar indices are used in most countries to measure inflation. However, the composition of the basket and the methodology may differ.
Let me know if you’d like any clarification or further details on specific aspects!