<<–2/”>a href=”https://exam.pscnotes.com/5653-2/”>p>ohmic and non-ohmic Conductors, combining information, tables, advantages/disadvantages, similarities, and FAQs:
Introduction
Electrical conductors are materials that allow the flow of electric current. They are broadly classified into two categories: ohmic and non-ohmic conductors. This categorization is based on how their resistance behaves with changes in voltage and current.
Ohmic conductors obey Ohm’s law, a fundamental principle in electricity. Ohm’s law states that the current through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the voltage across the two points, and inversely proportional to the resistance between them.
Non-ohmic conductors do not obey Ohm’s law. Their resistance varies with changes in voltage or current, leading to a non-linear relationship between voltage and current.
Key Differences: Ohmic vs. Non-Ohmic Conductors
| Characteristic | Ohmic Conductors | Non-Ohmic Conductors |
|---|---|---|
| Ohm’s Law | Obeys Ohm’s law (V = IR) | Does not obey Ohm’s law |
| Resistance | Constant resistance, irrespective of voltage or current | Resistance changes with voltage or current |
| V-I Graph | Straight line passing through the origin | Non-linear curve |
| Temperature Effect | Resistance may change slightly with temperature | Resistance changes significantly with temperature |
| Examples | Metals (copper, silver, gold), electrolytes | Semiconductors, filament lamps, diodes |
Advantages and Disadvantages
Ohmic Conductors
- Advantages:
- Predictable behavior: Their consistent resistance makes them ideal for precise circuit design.
- Wide range of applications: Used in most electrical wiring, resistors, and heating Elements.
- Disadvantages:
- Limited functionality: Not suitable for applications where a variable resistance is required.
Non-Ohmic Conductors
- Advantages:
- Versatile: Their variable resistance allows for a wide range of applications.
- Controllable: Can be used to regulate current flow in circuits.
- Disadvantages:
- Unpredictable behavior: Their changing resistance can make circuit design more complex.
- Temperature sensitive: Their performance can be affected by temperature changes.
Similarities
- Both conduct electricity.
- Both are used in various electrical and electronic devices.
- Both can be affected by temperature.
FAQs on Ohmic and Non-Ohmic Conductors
Q: Is the human body an ohmic or non-ohmic conductor?
A: The human body is considered a non-ohmic conductor because its resistance can vary depending on factors like skin moisture and contact area.
Q: Are all metals ohmic conductors?
A: Most metals are considered ohmic conductors at normal temperatures, but their resistance can change at very high or very low temperatures.
Q: Why do filament lamps have a non-linear V-I graph?
A: The filament in a lamp heats up as current passes through it, increasing its resistance and resulting in a non-linear relationship between voltage and current.
Q: Can a non-ohmic conductor behave like an ohmic conductor under certain conditions?
A: Yes, some non-ohmic conductors can exhibit ohmic behavior within a limited range of voltage or current.
Let me know if you’d like more details on any specific aspect of ohmic and non-ohmic conductors!