<<–2/”>a href=”https://exam.pscnotes.com/5653-2/”>p>ethene, ethyne, ethylene, and acetylene, focusing on their differences, similarities, advantages, disadvantages, and frequently asked questions.
Introduction
Ethene (ethylene) and ethyne (acetylene) are simple hydrocarbons with significant industrial and chemical importance. They are the simplest members of the alkene and alkyne families, respectively. Their unique chemical structures give rise to distinct properties and applications.
Key Differences (Table Format)
| Feature | Ethene (Ethylene) | Ethyne (Acetylene) |
|---|---|---|
| IUPAC Name | Ethene | Ethyne |
| Common Name | Ethylene | Acetylene |
| Chemical Formula | C2H4 | C2H2 |
| Carbon-Carbon Bond | Double bond | Triple bond |
| Molecular Geometry | Planar | Linear |
| Bond Angles | ~120° | 180° |
| Reactivity | Moderately reactive | Highly reactive |
| Typical Reactions | Addition | Addition, Combustion |
| Major Uses | Plastics, ripening agent | Welding, cutting, chemical synthesis |
| Storage | Pressurized containers | Dissolved in acetone under pressure |
Advantages and Disadvantages
Ethene (Ethylene)
Advantages:
- Versatile: Used in various industries, from plastics to agriculture.
- Abundant: Produced in large quantities from natural gas and petroleum.
- Relatively Safe: Less hazardous than acetylene.
Disadvantages:
- Flammable: Requires careful handling and storage.
- Environmental Impact: Contributes to greenhouse gas emissions when burned.
- Health Concerns: High concentrations can cause asphyxiation.
Ethyne (Acetylene)
Advantages:
- High Energy Density: Produces a very hot flame, ideal for welding and cutting.
- Useful in Synthesis: Starting material for many organic compounds.
- Compact Storage: Can be stored as a solution in acetone.
Disadvantages:
- Highly Flammable: Requires specialized equipment and precautions.
- Explosive: Can form explosive mixtures with air.
- Toxic: Prolonged exposure can cause health problems.
Similarities
- Both are unsaturated hydrocarbons.
- Both undergo addition reactions.
- Both are colorless gases at room temperature and pressure.
- Both are important industrial chemicals.
FAQs
1. Are ethylene and ethene the same thing?
Yes, ethylene is the common name for ethene, which is the official IUPAC name.
2. Are acetylene and ethyne the same thing?
Yes, acetylene is the common name for ethyne, which is the official IUPAC name.
3. Why is acetylene stored in acetone?
Acetylene is dissolved in acetone to stabilize it and prevent accidental decomposition, which can lead to explosions.
4. How is ethene used in agriculture?
Ethene is a natural plant hormone that promotes fruit ripening. It’s used commercially to control the ripening of fruits like bananas and tomatoes.
5. Can ethyne be used as a fuel?
Yes, ethyne has been used as a fuel in the past. However, its flammability and the development of safer alternatives have led to its decline in this application.
Let me know if you have any other questions!