Complete History of andhrapradesh (focussing on Vedic age to Gupta Period) 2

Medieval History of Andhra Pradesh

The 12th and the 13th centuries saw the emergence of the Kakatiya dynasty. They were at first the feudatories of the Western Chalukyas of Kalyani, ruling over a small territory near Warangal. A ruler of this dynasty, Prola II (1110–1158) extended his sway to the south and declared his independence. His successor Rudra (1158–1195) pushed the kingdom to the east up to the Godavari delta. He built Warangal Fort to serve as a second capital and faced the invasions of the Seuna Yadavas of Devagiri. The next ruler Mahadeva extended the kingdom to the coastal area. Ganapati Deva succeeded him in 1199. He was the greatest of the Kakatiyas and the first after the Satavahanas to bring almost the entire Telugu area under one unified empire. (Unlike Satavahanas, Kakatiyas are native Telugu kings who used Telugu as court language.) He put an end to the rule of the Velanati Cholas in 1210 and extended his empire till Anakapalle in the north. The most prominent ruler in this dynasty was Rani Rudrama Devi (1262–1289), one of the few queens in Indian history. An able fighter and ruler Rudramba defended the kingdom from The Cholas and the Seuna Yadavas, earning their respect. She remains one of the few female powers of the South India for all time. On the death of Rudrama, her grandson Prataparudra, who was adopted by her as son and as heir apparent on the advice of her father Ganapatideva, ascended the throne at the beginning of the year 1290. Prataparudra had to fight battles throughout his reign against either the internal rebels or the external foes. Prataparudra expanded borders towards the west till Raichur and in the south till Ongole and Nallamala Hills, whilst introducing many Administrative Reforms, some of which were also later adopted in the Vijayanagar empire. The Kakatiya dynasty faced Muslim onslaughts from 1310 and came under the control of the Delhi Sultanate in 1323. A brief period of 50 years of independence was enjoyed under Musunuri Nayaks who rebelled and liberated Telugu land from the rule of Delhi. Although short lived the Musunuri Nayaks rule was a watershed in the history of south India. Hakka (Harihara) and Bukka, who were previously treasury officers in the court of Prataparudra drew inspiration from them and consolidated Hindu opposition to Muslim invaders. Eventually, after the fall of the Kakatiyas in 1370, the Vijayanagara Empire, considered the last great Hindu and Telugu empire, swept across the Telugu land and the present day Karnataka (1336–1450). Small parts of Telugu region were under Reddys of Kondavidu and Rajahmundry and Recherla Velamas of Telangana, who were content to be vassals of Muslim kingdoms.

Reddy dynasty

The first of the Reddy clans came into prominence during the Kakatiya period. During this time the Reddys carved out for themselves feudal principalities. After the death of Pratapa Rudra II and the subsequent fall of the Kakatiya empire, the Reddy chiefs became independent and this led to the emergence of the Reddy kingdom. The 19th century writer Edgar Thurston in his book, Castes and Tribes of Southern India stated that Reddys were the village chiefs and listed them under the section Kapu. The village chiefs were given the title “Reddy”. The Reddy dynasty (1325–1448) ruled some parts of the coastal Andhra Pradesh for over a hundred years. Reddys became independent after the death of Pratapa Rudra II and the subsequent fall of the Kakatiya Dynasty. Thus emerged the Reddy Kingdom. Prolaya Vema Reddy was the first king of the Reddy dynasty. The capital of the kingdom was Addanki which was moved to Kondavidu and subsequently to Rajahmundry. His reign was characterized by restoration of peace, patronage of arts and literature, and all round development. Errana, the translator of Ramayana, lived during this period. Origins of Reddys: The Rashtrakutas and Reddys seem to share a similar origin, from the great “Rattas” or “Rathis” or “Rashtrikas” who ruled the Deccan from ancient times. The “Rathis” ruled over small principalities in the Deccan plateau before 200 BCE, before the Satavahanas and Mauryas. The word “Rathi” or “Ratti” is found under various forms such as Reddi, Ratta, Rashtrakuta, Rahtor, Rathaur. They left coins in northern Andhra Pradesh, Kurnool district, and near Pune. Coins were found in the levels between the megalithic to Satavahana periods in excavations. The usage of the word Reddy specifically was first seen in the inscriptions made during the Renati Chola period (7th century CE). Reddys are believed to be an offshoot of the Rashtrakuta dynasty. After the decline of the Rashtrakuta dynasty, the ruling clan broke off and settled in North and South India. Rashtrakutas were a Rajput clan. The settlers in the north are called Rathods/Rathores, and ruled Marwar in western Rajasthan, while the southern settlers were called Reddys.

Vijayanagar

empire Vijayanagara Empire, one of the greatest empires in the southern India, was founded by Harihara (Hakka) and Bukka, who either served as Treasury officers in the administration of Kakatiya dynasty or as Hoysala commanders. When Warangal fell in 1323, the two brothers were captured, taken to Delhi and converted to Islam. They were sent to the Deccan as governors of Kampili by the Delhi Sultanate with the hope that they would be able to deal with the local revolt and invasions by neighbouring Hindu kings. Their first campaign was against the neighbouring Hoysala emperor, Veera Ballala III of Dwarasamudra. Later, the brothers reconverted to Hinduism-2/”>Hinduism under the influence of the sage Vidyaranya and proclaimed their independence from the Delhi Sultanate. However, this theory of conversion to Islam, wars against the Hoysalas and their reconversion to Hinduism has been rejected by other historians who claim the founders were Kannadigas and were stationed in the Tungabhadra region by Hoysala Veera Ballala III to fight the Muslim invasion. Harihara I (reigned 1336–56) then established his new capital, Vijayanagar, in an easily defensible position south of the Tungabhadra River, where it came to symbolize the emerging medieval political culture of South India. The Vijayanagara empire reached its peak under Emperor Krishnadevaraya in the early part of 16th century. Telugu literature reached new heights during this time. Fine Vijayanagar monuments were built across South India including Lepakshi, Tirupathi and Sri Kalahasti in Andhra Pradesh. The largest and most famous ensemble of Vijayanagara monuments are at Hampi in modern Karnataka.

Mughal era

In 1323 the Delhi Sultan Ghiaz-ud-din Tughlaq sent a large army under Ulugh Khan to conquer the Telugu country and lay siege to Warangal. In 1347, an independent Muslim state, The Bahmani Sultanate, was established in south India by Ala-ud-Din Bahman Shah as a revolt against the Delhi Sultanate. By the end of the 15th century, the Bahmani rule was plagued with faction fights and there came into existence the five Shahi sultanates. Of these, it was the Qutb Shahi dynasty that played a significant and notable role in the history of Telugu land. The Qutb Shahi dynasty held sway over the Andhra country for about two hundred years from the early part of the 16th century to the end of the 17th century. Sultan Quli Qutb Shah, the founder of the dynasty, served the Bahmanis faithfully and was appointed governor of Telangana in 1496. He declared independence after the death of his patron king, Mahmud Shah, in 1518. Aurangazeb, the Mughal emperor, in 1687 invaded Golconda and annexed it to his empire. He appointed a Nizam (governor) and thus for about a period of 35 years this region was ruled by Mughal Nizams. Aurangazeb died in 1707 and the administrative machinery of the Mughal imperial regime began to crumble and it gradually lost control over the provinces. It enabled two foreign mercantile companies to consolidate themselves as political powers capable of subsequently playing decisive roles in shaping the destiny of the nation. They were the East India Company of England and the Compagnie des Indes Orientales of France.,

Andhra Pradesh is a state in the south-central region of India. It is the seventh-largest state by area and the tenth-largest by Population. The state is bordered by Telangana to the north, Chhattisgarh to the northeast, Odisha to the east, Tamil Nadu to the south, and Karnataka to the west. The capital of Andhra Pradesh is Amaravati.

The history of Andhra Pradesh can be traced back to the Vedic period. The region was inhabited by the Andhra people, who were a branch of the Dravidian people. The Andhras were known for their skills in agriculture and trade. They were also known for their warriors, who were known for their bravery and skill in battle.

The Andhras were ruled by a number of dynasties, including the Satavahana dynasty, The Ikshvaku Dynasty, the Pallava Dynasty, the Chalukya dynasty, the Chola dynasty, the Kakatiya dynasty, and the Vijayanagara empire. The Satavahana dynasty was the first major dynasty to rule the region. The Satavahanas were known for their patronage of art and literature. They also built a number of temples and other monuments.

The Ikshvaku dynasty was the next major dynasty to rule the region. The Ikshvakus were known for their military prowess. They were also known for their patronage of Buddhism-2/”>Buddhism. The Pallava dynasty was the next major dynasty to rule the region. The Pallavas were known for their art and architecture. They built a number of temples and other monuments, which are still standing today.

The Chalukya dynasty was the next major dynasty to rule the region. The Chalukyas were known for their military prowess. They were also known for their patronage of art and architecture. The Chola dynasty was the next major dynasty to rule the region. The Cholas were known for their military prowess. They were also known for their patronage of art and architecture.

The Kakatiya dynasty was the next major dynasty to rule the region. The Kakatiyas were known for their military prowess. They were also known for their patronage of art and architecture. The Vijayanagara empire was the last major dynasty to rule the region. The Vijayanagara empire was known for its military prowess. They were also known for their patronage of art and architecture.

The Vijayanagara empire was overthrown in the 16th century by the Mughal Empire. The Mughals ruled the region for over a century. The Mughals were known for their military prowess. They were also known for their patronage of art and architecture.

The Mughal empire was overthrown in the 18th century by the British East India Company. The British East India Company ruled the region for over a century. The British were known for their military prowess. They were also known for their patronage of art and architecture.

The British East India Company was overthrown in the 19th century by the Indian Rebellion of 1857. The Indian Rebellion of 1857 was a major uprising against British rule. The rebellion was unsuccessful, but it led to the end of the British East India Company’s rule in India.

The Indian Rebellion of 1857 was followed by the establishment of the British Raj. The British Raj was the period of British rule in India. The British Raj lasted for over a century. The British were known for their military prowess. They were also known for their patronage of art and architecture.

The British Raj was overthrown in the 20th century by the Indian Independence Movement. The Indian Independence Movement was a major movement for independence from British rule. The movement was successful, and India gained independence in 1947.

India was divided into two countries, India and Pakistan, in 1947. The partition of India was a major event in Indian history. The partition led to the deaths of millions of people and the displacement of millions more.

India became a republic in 1950. The Republic of India is a secular, democratic country. India is a member of the United Nations, the Commonwealth of Nations, and the Non-Aligned Movement.

Andhra Pradesh was formed in 1956. Andhra Pradesh was formed by the merger of the Telugu-speaking regions of Hyderabad State and Madras Presidency. Andhra Pradesh is a bilingual state, with Telugu and English as the official languages.

Andhra Pradesh is a major economic and industrial center. The state is home to a number of major industries, including agriculture, manufacturing, and information technology. Andhra Pradesh is also a major tourist destination. The state is home to a number of historical and cultural sites, including the temples of Hampi and the ruins of the Vijayanagara empire.

The history of Andhra Pradesh is long and complex, dating back to the Vedic age. The region was ruled by a number of different dynasties over the centuries, including the Satavahanas, the Ikshvakus, and the Chalukyas. In the 13th century, the region was conquered by the Delhi Sultanate, and later by the Mughal Empire. In the 18th century, the region was ruled by a number of different Maratha dynasties. In 1798, the region was conquered by the British East India Company, and became part of the Madras Presidency. In 1947, Andhra Pradesh became a part of the independent Indian state.

Here are some frequently asked questions about the history of Andhra Pradesh:

What is the history of Andhra Pradesh?
The history of Andhra Pradesh is long and complex, dating back to the Vedic age. The region was ruled by a number of different dynasties over the centuries, including the Satavahanas, the Ikshvakus, and the Chalukyas. In the 13th century, the region was conquered by the Delhi Sultanate, and later by the Mughal Empire. In the 18th century, the region was ruled by a number of different Maratha dynasties. In 1798, the region was conquered by the British East India Company, and became part of the Madras Presidency. In 1947, Andhra Pradesh became a part of the independent Indian state.
What are the major dynasties that ruled Andhra Pradesh?
The major dynasties that ruled Andhra Pradesh include the Satavahanas, the Ikshvakus, the Chalukyas, the Cholas, the Vijayanagara Empire, the Qutb Shahis, the Nizams, and the British.
What are some of the important events in the history of Andhra Pradesh?
Some of the important events in the history of Andhra Pradesh include the following:
The rise of the Satavahana dynasty in the 2nd century BCE
The invasion of the region by the Delhi Sultanate in the 13th century CE
The establishment of the Vijayanagara Empire in the 14th century CE
The conquest of the region by the Mughal Empire in the 16th century CE
The rise of the Qutb Shahi dynasty in the 17th century CE
The establishment of the Nizam of Hyderabad in the 18th century CE
The conquest of the region by the British East India Company in the 18th century CE
The independence of India in 1947
The formation of the state of Andhra Pradesh in 1956
What are some of the important people in the history of Andhra Pradesh?
Some of the important people in the history of Andhra Pradesh include the following:
Gautamiputra Satakarni, a Satavahana king who is considered to be one of the greatest rulers of the dynasty
Harihara Raya, a Vijayanagara emperor who is credited with expanding the empire to its greatest extent
Krishnadeva Raya, a Vijayanagara emperor who is considered to be one of the greatest rulers of the empire
Quli Qutb Shah, the founder of the Qutb Shahi dynasty
Nizam-ul-Mulk, the founder of the Nizam of Hyderabad
Potti Sriramulu, a freedom fighter who is credited with the formation of the state of Andhra Pradesh
What are some of the important cultural and historical sites in Andhra Pradesh?
Some of the important cultural and historical sites in Andhra Pradesh include the following:
The Amaravati stupa, a Buddhist stupa that is considered to be one of the largest in the world
The Hampi ruins, a UNESCO World Heritage Site that is the remains of the Vijayanagara Empire
The Golconda Fort, a UNESCO World Heritage Site that was the capital of the Qutb Shahi dynasty
The Charminar, a monument that was built by Quli Qutb Shah
The Salar Jung Museum, a museum that houses a collection of artifacts from around the world
The Victoria Memorial, a monument that was built in memory of Queen Victoria
What are some of the challenges facing Andhra Pradesh today?
Some of the challenges facing Andhra Pradesh today include the following:
POVERTY
Illiteracy
Lack of Infrastructure-2/”>INFRASTRUCTURE
Insecurity
Corruption
Water scarcity
Climate change

The first major kingdom to rule over Andhra Pradesh was the:
(A) Satavahanas
(B) Ikshvakus
(C) Chalukyas
(D) Pallavas
The Satavahanas were a dynasty of kings who ruled over Andhra Pradesh from the 2nd century BCE to the 3rd century CE. They were known for their patronage of art and literature, and for their construction of many temples and other monuments.
The Ikshvakus were a dynasty of kings who ruled over Andhra Pradesh from the 3rd century BCE to the 2nd century CE. They were known for their military prowess, and for their expansion of the Satavahana kingdom.
The Chalukyas were a dynasty of kings who ruled over Andhra Pradesh from the 6th century CE to the 12th century CE. They were known for their military prowess, and for their construction of many temples and other monuments.
The Pallavas were a dynasty of kings who ruled over Andhra Pradesh from the 7th century CE to the 9th century CE. They were known for their patronage of art and literature, and for their construction of many temples and other monuments.
The Cholas were a dynasty of kings who ruled over Andhra Pradesh from the 10th century CE to the 13th century CE. They were known for their military prowess, and for their expansion of the Chola kingdom.
The Kakatiyas were a dynasty of kings who ruled over Andhra Pradesh from the 11th century CE to the 14th century CE. They were known for their military prowess, and for their construction of many temples and other monuments.
The Vijayanagara Empire was a Hindu empire that ruled over Andhra Pradesh from the 14th century CE to the 16th century CE. It was one of the largest and most powerful empires in Indian history.
The Qutb Shahi dynasty was a Muslim dynasty that ruled over Andhra Pradesh from the 16th century CE to the 17th century CE. They were known for their patronage of art and architecture, and for their construction of many mosques and other monuments.
The Adil Shahi dynasty was a Muslim dynasty that ruled over Andhra Pradesh from the 16th century CE to the 17th century CE. They were known for their military prowess, and for their expansion of the Adil Shahi kingdom.
The Mughal Empire was a Muslim empire that ruled over Andhra Pradesh from the 16th century CE to the 18th century CE. It was one of the largest and most powerful empires in Indian history.
The Nizam of Hyderabad was a Muslim ruler who ruled over Andhra Pradesh from the 18th century CE to the 1940s. He was known for his military prowess, and for his expansion of the Nizam of Hyderabad kingdom.
Andhra Pradesh was formed as a state of India in 1956. It is the 10th largest state in India by area, and the 13th largest state by population.
The capital of Andhra Pradesh is Hyderabad. It is the sixth largest city in India, and the fourth largest city in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh.
The Official Language of Andhra Pradesh is Telugu. It is the second most spoken language in India, after Hindi.
The major religions in Andhra Pradesh are Hinduism, Islam, Christianity, and Sikhism.
The major crops grown in Andhra Pradesh are rice, Cotton, sugarcane, and tobacco.
The major industries in Andhra Pradesh are agriculture, textiles, pharmaceuticals, and information technology.
The major tourist attractions in Andhra Pradesh are the temples of Tirupati, the beaches of Vizag, and the hills of Araku Valley.
The Famous Personalities from Andhra Pradesh are:
(A) P. V. Narasimha Rao
(B) N. T. Rama Rao
(C) M. C. Mary Kom
(D) Alluri Sitarama Raju
P. V. Narasimha Rao was the 10th Prime Minister of India. He was the first Prime Minister of India to be born after India’s independence in 1947.
N. T. Rama Rao was a Telugu actor, director, and politician. He was the first Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh.
M. C. Mary Kom is an Indian boxer. She is the first Indian woman to win a gold medal at the World Amateur Boxing Championships.
Alluri Sitarama Raju was an Indian freedom