Communication systems

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 The word communication has been derived from Latin ward ―communis‖ which means common. Thus communication means sharing of ideas is common. It can be defined as exchange of facts, ideas, opinions or emotions between two or more persons to create a common ground of understanding.

 Communication is the process of passing information & message from one person to another. It involves atleast two persons i.e. a sender & a receiver. The sender develops & transmits a message to the receiver. The purpose is to achieve common understanding between the sender & the receiver.

 Man has constantly made endeavors to improve the quality of communication with other human beings. Languages and methods used in communication have kept evolving from prehistoric to modern times, to meet the growing demands in terms of speed and complexity of information.

 Modern communication has its roots in the 19 and 20 century in the work of scientists like J.C. Bose, F.B. Morse, G. Marconi and Alexander Graham Bell.

 In a communication system, the transmitter is located at one place, the receiver is located at some other place (far or near) separate from the transmitter and the channel is the physical medium that connects them. Depending upon the type of communication system, a channel may be in the form of wires or cables connecting the transmitter and the receiver or it may be wireless. The purpose of the transmitter is to convert the message signal produced by the source of information into a form suitable for transmission through the channel. If the output of the information source is a non-electrical signal like a voice signal, a transducer converts it to electrical form before giving it as an input to the transmitter. When a transmitted signal propagates along the channel it may get distorted due to channel imperfection. Moreover, noise adds to the transmitted signal and the receiver receives a corrupted version of the transmitted signal.

 The receiver has the task of operating on the received signal. It reconstructs a recognisable form of the original message signal for delivering it to the user of information.

 A transducer is a device that converts one form of energy to another. Usually a transducer converts a signal in one form of energy to a signal in another There are two basic modes of communication: point-to-point and broadcast. In point-to-point communication mode, communication takes place over a link between a single transmitter and a receiver. Telephony is an example of such a mode of communication. In contrast, in the broadcast mode, there are a large number of receivers corresponding to a single transmitter. Radio and television are examples of broadcast mode of communication.,

Communication systems are a broad topic that encompasses a wide range of technologies and applications. In general, a communication system is a system that allows two or more parties to exchange information. This information can be in the form of data, voice, or video.

There are many different types of communication systems, each with its own unique set of characteristics. Some common types of communication systems include:

Analog communication systems: These systems use continuous signals to represent information. Analog signals are typically used for voice and video communications.
Digital communication systems: These systems use discrete signals to represent information. Digital signals are typically used for data communications.
Communication channels: These are the physical media that carry information between communication systems. Communication channels can be wired or wireless.
Communication protocols: These are the rules that govern how information is exchanged between communication systems. Communication protocols are essential for ensuring that information is transmitted and received correctly.
Communication networks: These are collections of communication systems that are interconnected to allow for the exchange of information. Communication networks can be local, regional, national, or international.
Communication theory: This is the study of the fundamental principles of communication. Communication theory provides the foundation for the design and development of communication systems.
Data communication: This is the process of exchanging data between two or more devices. Data communication can be carried out over wired or wireless communication channels.
Data compression: This is the process of reducing the size of data without losing any of its essential information. Data compression is often used to improve the efficiency of data communication.
Data encryption: This is the process of converting data into a form that cannot be easily understood by unauthorized individuals. Data encryption is often used to protect sensitive data from unauthorized access.
Error detection and correction: This is the process of detecting and correcting errors that occur during data transmission. Error detection and correction is often used to ensure the reliable transmission of data.
Information theory: This is the study of the quantification of information. Information theory provides the foundation for the design and development of communication systems.
Mobile communication: This is the process of communicating with mobile devices, such as smartphones and tablets. Mobile communication can be carried out over cellular networks or wireless networks.
Optical communication: This is the process of communicating using Light. Optical communication is often used for long-distance communication because it is very efficient.
Satellite communication: This is the process of communicating using satellites. Satellite communication is often used for long-distance communication because it can cover a large area.
Wireless communication: This is the process of communicating without the use of wires. Wireless communication can be carried out over radio waves, microwaves, or infrared light.

Communication systems are essential for the modern world. They allow us to communicate with each other in a variety of ways, and they play a vital role in many different industries. Communication systems are constantly evolving, and new technologies are being developed all the time. This is an exciting time to be working in the field of communication systems, and there are many opportunities for innovation and progress.

What is a communication system?

A communication system is a system that allows two or more entities to exchange information. The entities can be people, machines, or other systems. The information can be in the form of text, voice, data, or video.

What are the different types of communication systems?

There are many different types of communication systems, including:

Voice communication systems: These systems allow people to talk to each other over a distance. Examples of voice communication systems include telephones, mobile phones, and VoIP systems.
Data communication systems: These systems allow computers to exchange data over a distance. Examples of data communication systems include the Internet, email, and file transfer protocols.
Video communication systems: These systems allow people to see each other over a distance. Examples of video communication systems include video conferencing, webcams, and Skype.

What are the components of a communication system?

The components of a communication system can vary depending on the type of system. However, most communication systems have the following components:

A transmitter: This is the device that sends the information.
A receiver: This is the device that receives the information.
A channel: This is the medium through which the information is transmitted.
A protocol: This is a set of rules that govern how the information is transmitted.

How does a communication system work?

A communication system works by converting information into a form that can be transmitted over a channel. The information is then transmitted to the receiver, where it is converted back into its original form.

The process of converting information into a form that can be transmitted is called modulation. The process of converting the information back into its original form is called demodulation.

What are the challenges of communication systems?

There are many challenges associated with communication systems. Some of the challenges include:

Interference: Interference is any unwanted signal that can interfere with the desired signal. Interference can be caused by natural phenomena, such as lightning, or by man-made sources, such as radio transmitters.
Noise: Noise is any unwanted signal that adds to the desired signal. Noise can be caused by natural phenomena, such as thermal noise, or by man-made sources, such as electronic devices.
Distortion: Distortion is any change in the shape of the desired signal. Distortion can be caused by the channel, the transmitter, or the receiver.
Error: Error is any deviation from the desired signal. Error can be caused by noise, interference, or distortion.

What are the future trends in communication systems?

The future trends in communication systems include:

Increased bandwidth: The bandwidth of a communication system is the amount of data that can be transmitted over a given period of time. The bandwidth of communication systems is increasing due to the development of new technologies, such as fiber optic cables and wireless networks.
Increased speed: The speed of a communication system is the rate at which data can be transmitted over a given period of time. The speed of communication systems is increasing due to the development of new technologies, such as fiber optic cables and wireless networks.
Increased reliability: The reliability of a communication system is the Probability that the system will operate correctly. The reliability of communication systems is increasing due to the development of new technologies, such as error correction codes and redundancy.
Increased security: The security of a communication system is the protection of the information transmitted over the system from unauthorized access or modification. The security of communication systems is increasing due to the development of new technologies, such as encryption and authentication.

Which of the following is not a type of modulation?
(A) Amplitude modulation
(B) Frequency modulation
(C) Phase modulation
(D) Communication modulation
Which of the following is the most common type of modulation?
(A) Amplitude modulation
(B) Frequency modulation
(C) Phase modulation
(D) Communication modulation
Which of the following is the process of converting a baseband signal into a modulated signal?
(A) Modulation
(B) Demodulation
(C) Amplification
(D) Filtering
Which of the following is the process of converting a modulated signal back into a baseband signal?
(A) Modulation
(B) Demodulation
(C) Amplification
(D) Filtering
Which of the following is the process of increasing the power of a signal?
(A) Modulation
(B) Demodulation
(C) Amplification
(D) Filtering
Which of the following is the process of removing unwanted frequencies from a signal?
(A) Modulation
(B) Demodulation
(C) Amplification
(D) Filtering
Which of the following is a type of modulation that changes the amplitude of a carrier signal?
(A) Amplitude modulation
(B) Frequency modulation
(C) Phase modulation
(D) Communication modulation
Which of the following is a type of modulation that changes the frequency of a carrier signal?
(B) Frequency modulation
(C) Phase modulation
(D) Communication modulation
Which of the following is a type of modulation that changes the phase of a carrier signal?
(C) Phase modulation
(D) Communication modulation
Which of the following is a type of modulation that is used to transmit digital data?
(A) Amplitude modulation
(B) Frequency modulation
(C) Phase modulation
(D) ASK
Which of the following is a type of modulation that is used to transmit analog data?
(A) Amplitude modulation
(B) Frequency modulation
(C) Phase modulation
(D) FM
Which of the following is a type of modulation that is used to transmit video data?
(A) Amplitude modulation
(B) Frequency modulation
(C) Phase modulation
(D) QAM
Which of the following is a type of modulation that is used to transmit audio data?
(A) Amplitude modulation
(B) Frequency modulation
(C) Phase modulation
(D) MP3
Which of the following is a type of modulation that is used to transmit data over a long distance?
(A) Amplitude modulation
(B) Frequency modulation
(C) Phase modulation
(D) SSB
Which of the following is a type of modulation that is used to transmit data over a short distance?
(A) Amplitude modulation
(B) Frequency modulation
(C) Phase modulation
(D) FSK