Classification of Mountains On the Basis of Period of Origin

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The following are the subtopics of Classification of Mountains On the Basis of Period of Origin:

  • Primary mountains
    • Fold Mountains
      • Alpine-Himalayan orogeny
      • Appalachian orogeny
    • Block Mountains
      • Rift mountains
      • Dome Mountains
  • Secondary mountains
    • Volcanic mountains
    • Residual mountains
      Mountains are large landforms that rise significantly above the surrounding land. They are formed by a variety of processes, including tectonic plate movement, volcanic activity, and erosion. Mountains can be classified into two main types: primary mountains and secondary mountains.

Primary mountains are formed by the collision of tectonic plates. When two tectonic plates collide, the edges of the plates are pushed up, forming mountains. The Alpine-Himalayan orogeny is an example of a primary mountain range. This mountain range formed when the Indian and Eurasian tectonic plates collided. The Appalachian orogeny is another example of a primary mountain range. This mountain range formed when the North American and African tectonic plates collided.

Secondary mountains are formed by other processes, such as volcanic activity and erosion. Volcanic mountains are formed when magma erupts from a volcano and cools to form rock. Residual mountains are formed when the surrounding land is eroded away, leaving behind a mountain.

Mountains play an important role in the Earth’s climate. They help to regulate the Earth’s temperature by absorbing and releasing heat. Mountains also provide habitat for a variety of plants and animals.

Here are some additional details about each type of mountain:

Fold mountains are formed when two tectonic plates collide and the edges of the plates are pushed up. The rocks that are pushed up are folded and faulted, and the mountains that form are often very high and rugged. The Alps, Himalayas, and Andes are all examples of fold mountains.

Block mountains are formed when the Earth’s crust is stretched and pulled apart. The rocks that are pulled apart form blocks, and the mountains that form are often long and narrow. The Great Rift Valley in Africa is an example of a block mountain.

Volcanic mountains are formed when magma erupts from a volcano and cools to form rock. The magma can erupt from a volcano on land or on the ocean floor. Volcanic mountains are often very steep and have a conical shape. Mount Everest, the highest mountain in the world, is a volcanic mountain.

Residual mountains are formed when the surrounding land is eroded away, leaving behind a mountain. The mountain that is left behind is often much smaller than the original mountain. The Matterhorn in Switzerland is an example of a residual mountain.

Mountains are an important part of the Earth’s landscape. They provide habitat for a variety of plants and animals, and they play an important role in the Earth’s climate.
Primary mountains are formed by the collision of tectonic plates. The collision causes the plates to fold and buckle, creating mountains. Primary mountains are the oldest type of mountain and are found in all parts of the world.

Fold mountains are formed when two tectonic plates collide and one plate is forced under the other. The material that is forced under the other plate is melted and then rises to the surface, creating a mountain range. The Alpine-Himalayan orogeny is an example of a fold mountain range.

Block mountains are formed when the Earth’s crust is stretched and pulled apart. This causes the crust to break into blocks, which then rise or fall. Rift mountains and dome mountains are examples of block mountains.

Secondary mountains are formed by the erosion of primary mountains. The erosion of primary mountains exposes the underlying rock, which can then be uplifted to form secondary mountains. Volcanic mountains and residual mountains are examples of secondary mountains.

Volcanic mountains are formed when magma rises to the surface and erupts. The magma cools and hardens to form a mountain. The Hawaiian Islands are an example of a volcanic mountain range.

Residual mountains are formed when the surrounding land is eroded away, leaving behind a mountain. The Appalachian Mountains are an example of a residual mountain range.

Frequently Asked Questions

  1. What are the different types of mountains?

There are two main types of mountains: primary mountains and secondary mountains. Primary mountains are formed by the collision of tectonic plates, while secondary mountains are formed by the erosion of primary mountains.

  1. What are the characteristics of primary mountains?

Primary mountains are the oldest type of mountain and are found in all parts of the world. They are typically tall and rugged, with steep slopes.

  1. What are the characteristics of secondary mountains?

Secondary mountains are formed by the erosion of primary mountains. They are typically lower and less rugged than primary mountains, with gentler slopes.

  1. What are some examples of primary mountains?

Some examples of primary mountains include the Himalayas, the Alps, and the Appalachian Mountains.

  1. What are some examples of secondary mountains?

Some examples of secondary mountains include the Rocky Mountains, the Andes, and the Great Dividing Range.

  1. How are mountains formed?

Mountains are formed by the collision of tectonic plates. When two tectonic plates collide, one plate is forced under the other. The material that is forced under the other plate is melted and then rises to the surface, creating a mountain range.

  1. What are the different types of mountain ranges?

There are two main types of mountain ranges: fold mountain ranges and block mountain ranges. Fold mountain ranges are formed when two tectonic plates collide and one plate is forced under the other. Block mountain ranges are formed when the Earth’s crust is stretched and pulled apart.

  1. What are some examples of fold mountain ranges?

Some examples of fold mountain ranges include the Himalayas, the Alps, and the Appalachian Mountains.

  1. What are some examples of block mountain ranges?

Some examples of block mountain ranges include the Rift Mountains and the Dome Mountains.

  1. What are the different types of volcanic mountains?

There are two main types of volcanic mountains: shield VolcanoesVolcanoes and stratovolcanoes. Shield volcanoes are formed when lava flows from a volcano in a relatively calm manner. Stratovolcanoes are formed when lava flows from a volcano in a more explosive manner.

  1. What are some examples of shield volcanoes?

Some examples of shield volcanoes include the Hawaiian Islands and the Galapagos Islands.

  1. What are some examples of stratovolcanoes?

Some examples of stratovolcanoes include Mount Fuji, Mount Vesuvius, and Mount Etna.

  1. What are the different types of residual mountains?

There are two main types of residual mountains: inselbergs andmonadnocks. Inselbergs are formed when the surrounding land is eroded away, leaving behind a mountain. Monadnocks are formed when a resistant rock type is exposed by the erosion of the surrounding land.

  1. What are some examples of inselbergs?

Some examples of inselbergs include Uluru (Ayers Rock) in Australia and Sugarloaf Mountain in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

  1. What are some examples ofmonadnocks?

Some examples ofmonadnocks include Stone Mountain in Georgia and Cadillac Mountain in Maine.
Question 1

Which of the following is not a type of primary mountain?

(A) Fold mountain
(B) Block mountain
(CC) Volcanic mountain
(D) Residual mountain

Answer
(C)

Explanation
Primary mountains are formed by the collision of tectonic plates. Fold mountains are formed when two tectonic plates collide and one plate is forced under the other. Block mountains are formed when two tectonic plates move apart and the land between them rises. Volcanic mountains are formed when lava erupts from a volcano. Residual mountains are formed when the land around them is eroded away, leaving behind the hard rock that formed the mountains.

Question 2

Which of the following is not a type of secondary mountain?

(A) Fold mountain
(B) Block mountain
(C) Volcanic mountain
(D) Residual mountain

Answer
(A)

Explanation
Secondary mountains are formed by erosion and uplift. Fold mountains are formed by the collision of tectonic plates. Block mountains are formed when two tectonic plates move apart and the land between them rises. Volcanic mountains are formed when lava erupts from a volcano. Residual mountains are formed when the land around them is eroded away, leaving behind the hard rock that formed the mountains.

Question 3

The Alpine-Himalayan orogeny is a mountain-building event that began about 50 million years ago and is still ongoing. It is the result of the collision of the Indian and Eurasian tectonic plates. Which of the following is not a mountain range that formed as a result of the Alpine-Himalayan orogeny?

(A) The Himalayas
(B) The Alps
(C) The Andes
(D) The Appalachians

Answer
(D)

Explanation
The Himalayas, the Alps, and the Andes are all mountain ranges that formed as a result of the Alpine-Himalayan orogeny. The Appalachians are a mountain range that formed as a result of the Alleghanian orogeny, which occurred about 400 million years ago.

Question 4

A rift mountain is a type of mountain that forms when two tectonic plates move apart. The land between the plates sinks, and the edges of the plates rise up. Which of the following is an example of a rift mountain?

(A) The Himalayas
(B) The Alps
(C) The Great Rift Valley
(D) The Appalachians

Answer
(C)

Explanation
The Great Rift Valley is a rift valley that runs through East Africa. It is an example of a rift mountain. The Himalayas, the Alps, and the Appalachians are all mountain ranges that formed as a result of the collision of tectonic plates.

Question 5

A dome mountain is a type of mountain that forms when magma rises to the surface and pushes up the overlying rock. Which of the following is an example of a dome mountain?

(A) The Himalayas
(B) The Alps
(C) The Black Hills
(D) The Appalachians

Answer
(C)

Explanation
The Black Hills are a dome mountain range that is located in South Dakota. They formed when magma rose to the surface and pushed up the overlying rock. The Himalayas, the Alps, and the Appalachians are all mountain ranges that formed as a result of the collision of tectonic plates.