Notes and Study material for Exams
The Two Houses of Indian Parliament: A Comparative Analysis of Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha The Indian Parliament, the supreme legislative body of the country, is a bicameral legislature, meaning it comprises two houses: the Lok Sabha (House of the People) and the Rajya Sabha (Council of States). While both houses play crucial roles in … Read more
The Rise of Digital Democracy: Exploring the Electronically Transmitted Postal Ballot System (ETPBS) The world is increasingly embracing digital solutions, and the realm of democracy is no exception. As technology advances, so too do the possibilities for enhancing electoral processes. One such innovation is the Electronically Transmitted Postal Ballot System (ETPBS), a system that promises … Read more
The Role of the Media and Investigative Journalism in Combating Corruption Media reporting in general, and especially investigative journalism by affiliated or independent journalists, or indeed non-governmental organisations (NGOs), are among the most important sources of public awareness-raising on corruption. Media reporting is an essential source of detection in corruption cases, either for … Read more
Navigating the Labyrinth: A Comprehensive Guide to the Income-Tax Appellate Tribunal (ITAT) The Income-Tax Appellate Tribunal (ITAT), established under Section 251 of the Income Tax Act, 1961, serves as the primary appellate forum for resolving disputes arising from the assessment of income tax in India. It plays a crucial role in ensuring fairness and transparency … Read more
Article 166: The Backbone of State Governance – A Deep Dive into the Conduct of Business of State Governments The Indian Constitution, a monumental document outlining the framework of our nation, meticulously defines the powers and responsibilities of various organs of the government. Among these, Article 166 stands out as a crucial provision governing the … Read more
Freedom to Manage Religious Affairs: A Global Perspective on Article 26 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), adopted in 1948, stands as a cornerstone of international human rights law. Its Article 26, focusing on freedom of religion and belief, is a vital pillar of this framework, guaranteeing … Read more
Legislative and Judicial control over the delegated legislation The Indian Constitution has established a Welfare State which mandates that the State shall legislate on innumerable activities touching human lives in order to promote the ‘maximum happiness of the maximum number of people’. Consequently the State has to undertake legislation on a variety of … Read more
Although the systems of ancient India do have their reflections in the Constitutions of India, the Direct Sources of the Constitution lie in the administrative and legislative developments of the British period. Regulating Act of 1773 This Act was based on the report of a committee headed by the British Prime Minister Lord North. … Read more
The National Judicial Council: A Beacon of Judicial Independence and Accountability in Nigeria The Nigerian judiciary, as the third arm of government, plays a crucial role in upholding the rule of law, protecting fundamental rights, and ensuring justice for all. To ensure its integrity and effectiveness, a robust system of governance and accountability is essential. … Read more
The President’s Legislative Powers: A Balancing Act of Influence and Authority The President of the United States, as the head of the executive branch, plays a crucial role in the legislative process. While Congress holds the primary power to make laws, the President wields significant influence through a combination of formal and informal powers. This … Read more