Notes and Study material for Exams
Constitution Constitution is the fundamental law of a country which ordains the fundamental principles on which the government (or the governance) of that country is based. It lays down the framework and principal functions of various organs of the government as well as the modalities of interaction between the government and its citizens. With the … Read more
Administrative Tribunals: A Vital Pillar of the Modern Administrative State Introduction The modern administrative state is characterized by a complex web of regulations and agencies tasked with implementing and enforcing them. This intricate system necessitates a specialized mechanism for resolving disputes arising from administrative actions. Enter administrative tribunals, quasi-judicial bodies empowered to adjudicate disputes between … Read more
The Constituent Assembly Debate on the Ordinance Making Power of the President: A Battle for Balance The Indian Constitution, a testament to the vision of its framers, meticulously crafted a system of governance that sought to balance the powers of the executive, legislature, and judiciary. One of the most contentious issues during the Constituent Assembly … Read more
The Parliamentary System: A Framework for Representative Democracy The parliamentary system of government, a cornerstone of democratic governance in numerous nations, stands as a testament to the power of representative democracy. This system, characterized by a close relationship between the executive and legislative branches, offers a unique blend of accountability, flexibility, and responsiveness to the … Read more
Integrated Judicial System An integrated judicial system is a system of courts that are interconnected and share information and resources. This can help to improve efficiency and coordination among courts, and can also make it easier for people to access justice. There are a number of benefits to having an integrated judicial system. First, it … Read more
Expanding horizons of Fundamental Rights; Enforceability against State and others Founding fathers influenced by Bill of Rights of American Constitution, Declaration of Rights of Man of France, The Irish Constitution of 1935, the post war Constitution of Japan & Burma, the Universal Human Rights’ Chapter & Nehru Report of 1928 engrafted fundamental rights … Read more
The Preamble: A Foundation for Understanding the Constitution The Preamble to the United States Constitution, a mere 52 words, serves as a powerful introduction to the document that defines the very essence of American governance. It encapsulates the aspirations and intentions of the Founding Fathers, outlining the fundamental principles upon which the nation was built. … Read more
The Constituent Assembly Debates: Shaping India’s Right to Equality and Prohibition of Discrimination The Indian Constitution, a testament to the nation’s struggle for independence and its vision for a just and equitable society, emerged from the deliberations of the Constituent Assembly. Among the most crucial debates that shaped the document were those surrounding the fundamental … Read more
The Evolution of Elections: From Ancient Roots to Modern Democracies Elections, the cornerstone of representative democracy, have evolved significantly over centuries, reflecting societal changes, technological advancements, and evolving political ideologies. This article delves into the historical roots of elections, explores their various forms and functions, and examines the challenges and opportunities they present in the … Read more
Women, Minorities, Backward classes, Differently-abled persons, and children in India Women, minorities, backword classes, differentially abled people and children are the vulnerable section of the Society. Women due to tradition and patriarchy (male sex considered to be superior to female in society) Disabled due to their physical and mental inability to perform activities like other … Read more