Notes and Study material for Exams
Drainage: Flow of water through well-defined channels. Network of such channels is called a Drainage System . Drainage basin: An area drained by a river and its tributaries. Watershed: Boundary line separating one drainage basin from other. River basins are larger watersheds. Drainage pattern of an area depends on the geological time period, nature and … Read more
Mahatma Gandhi’s principle of “enoughness” in his saying “the earth provides enough to satisfy every persons need but not for every person’s greed” According to World Commission on Environment and Development, Our Common Future (1987) , Sustainable Development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to … Read more
INFRASTRUCTURE-development/”>Infrastructure Development– Dams, Roads, Rails (Including Airways and Ports) The availability of efficient infrastructure Services is an important determinant of the pace of market development and output Growth. Historically, the infrastructure sector has been one of the key drivers of growth of the Indian economy and has shown positive growth in the current reporting year … Read more
Soil is defined as upper layer of the earth composed of loose surface material. It is a mixture of many substances including endless variety of Minerals, remnants of Plants and animals, water and air. It is the end product of continuing interaction between the parent material, local Climate, plant and animal organisms and elevation … Read more
Quaternary activities centre around research, development and may be seen as an advanced form of Services involving specialised knowledge and technical skills. Quinary activities are services that focus on the creation, re-arrangement and interpretation of new and existing ideas; Data Interpretation and the use and evaluation of new technologies. Often referred to as ‘gold collar’ … Read more
Smart City means aligning information technologies to citizens’ needs in order to enhance their day-to-day lives by increasing efficiency, lowering costs, and engaging more directly with city dwellers. Developing a smart city is the next generation Urbanization process for improving the efficiency, reliability, and security of a traditional city. This paper discusses about the economic … Read more
Definition of Liberalization– relaxation of restrictions, reduction in role of state in economic activities,decline in role of govt in key industries, social and infrastructural sector. 2- Privatization– Public offering of Shares and private sale of shares, entry of private sector in public sector and sale of govt enterprises. 3- FDI 4- International regulatory bodies(WTO,IMF) 5- … Read more
INFRASTRUCTURE is essential for increasing economic progress and reducing POVERTY. The choices made in the type and scale of infrastructure Investment also have major implications for environmental sustainability. Land New infrastructure typically involves land use change and the selection of the site and its proximity to human settlement will significantly affect its impact. Refurbishment, rebuilding … Read more
India was the first nation to launched a family planning programme in 1952. Though the birth rate started decreasing, it was accompanied by a sharp decrease in death rate, leading to an overall increase in Population.The early concept of population policy covered both mortality and fertility and did not exclusively focus on fertility. There was … Read more
Atmospheric humidity, which is the amount of water vapour or moisture in the air, is another leading climatic element, as is Precipitation. All forms of precipitation, including drizzle, rain, snow, ice crystals, and hail, are produced as a result of the condensation of atmospheric moisture that forms clouds in which some of the … Read more