Notes and Study material for Exams
The Vienna Convention: A Cornerstone of International Law and Diplomacy The Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations, commonly known as the Vienna Convention, stands as a cornerstone of international law, shaping the framework for diplomatic relations between states. This landmark treaty, adopted in 1961 and entering into force in 1964, codifies the customary international law governing … Read more
The International Whaling Commission: A History of Conservation, Conflict, and Controversy The International Whaling Commission (IWC) is a global intergovernmental organization established in 1946 to regulate whaling and conserve whale populations. Its history is a complex tapestry woven with threads of scientific research, political maneuvering, cultural traditions, and economic interests. This article delves into the … Read more
The Basel Convention: A Global Treaty for the Safe Management of Hazardous Wastes The Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal, commonly known as the Basel Convention, is an international treaty that aims to protect human health and the environment from the harmful effects of hazardous wastes. It … Read more
The Rotterdam Convention: A Global Framework for Protecting Human Health and the Environment from Hazardous Chemicals The Rotterdam Convention on the Prior Informed Consent (PIC) Procedure for Certain Hazardous Chemicals and Pesticides in International Trade, commonly known as the Rotterdam Convention, is a landmark international treaty aimed at protecting human health and the environment from … Read more
The Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants: A Global Effort to Protect Human Health and the Environment The Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) stands as a landmark international agreement, aiming to eliminate or drastically reduce the production, use, and release of a group of chemicals known for their persistence, bioaccumulation, and long-range transport, … Read more
The IUCN: Guardians of Global Biodiversity The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) stands as a global authority on the status of the natural world and the measures needed to safeguard it. Founded in 1948, the IUCN has evolved into a unique and influential organization, bringing together governments, NGOs, scientists, and indigenous peoples to … Read more
The Global Tiger Forum: A Beacon of Hope for the World’s Tigers The roar of the tiger, once echoing across vast swathes of Asia, has been silenced in many places. Habitat loss, poaching, and human-wildlife conflict have driven these magnificent creatures to the brink of extinction. In response to this crisis, the Global Tiger Forum … Read more
The United Nations Forum on Forests: A Global Platform for Sustainable Forest Management The United Nations Forum on Forests (UNFF) is a global platform for promoting sustainable forest management. Established in 2000, it serves as a key mechanism for coordinating international efforts to address the critical role of forests in achieving sustainable development. This article … Read more
The International Tropical Timber Organization (ITTO) is an intergovernmental organization established in 1986 to promote the sustainable management of tropical forests. It is made up of 75 member countries, including 59 tropical timber producing countries and 16 consuming countries. The ITTO’s main objectives are to: Promote the conservation and sustainable management of tropical forests; Increase … Read more
The Coalition Against Wildlife Trafficking: A United Front Against a Global Crisis The illegal wildlife trade is a multi-billion dollar industry, fueled by insatiable demand for exotic animals, their parts, and products. This trade not only decimates wildlife populations, pushing countless species towards extinction, but also fuels corruption, undermines national security, and contributes to the … Read more