Notes and Study material for Exams
Water Resources Management Water Resources in India India accounts for about 2.45 per cent of world’s surface area, 4 per cent of the world’s water resources and about 16 per cent of world’s Population. The total water available from Precipitation in the country in a year is about 4,000 cubic km. The availability … Read more
The major causes of the Environmental Degradation are modern Urbanization, industrialization, over-Population Growth, deforestation etc. Environmental pollution refers to the degradation of quality and quantity of natural Resources. Mahatma Gandhi’s principle of “enoughness” in his saying “the earth provides enough to satisfy every persons need but not for every person’s greed” According to World Commission … Read more
Chemical Safety: A Multifaceted Approach to Protecting People and the Environment Chemical safety is a critical aspect of modern life, encompassing the safe handling, storage, transportation, use, and disposal of chemicals. It involves a complex interplay of scientific knowledge, regulatory frameworks, and responsible practices to minimize risks associated with chemical exposure and ensure the well-being … Read more
The Man and Biosphere Programme: A Global Network for Sustainable Development The Man and Biosphere Programme (MAB) is a UNESCO-led intergovernmental scientific program launched in 1971. It aims to establish a scientific basis for improving the relationship between people and the biosphere, promoting sustainable development through conservation and management of natural resources. This article delves … Read more
Wetland Conservation Programme Wetlands are lands transitional between terrestrial and aquatic system where the water table is usually near the water surface and land is covered by shallow water. Essential as: control floods, water treatment, recharging of water sources, reduce sediments, check Soil erosion, bulwark against encroachment by the sea, winter resort for birds and … Read more
Biodiversity is defined as the variability among living organisms from all sources including, inter alia, terrestrial, marine and other aquatic Ecosystems and the ecological complexes of which they are a part; this includes diversity within species, between species, and of ecosystems. Basically biodiversity is the total number of genes, species and ecosystems of a region. It includes … Read more
The Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety: Safeguarding Biodiversity in a Genetically Modified World The world is increasingly reliant on biotechnology, with genetically modified organisms (GMOs) playing a growing role in agriculture, medicine, and industry. While these advancements offer potential benefits, they also raise concerns about the potential risks to biodiversity and human health. Recognizing this complex … Read more
Sanitation and Water Disposal The seriousness of the challenges associated with urban Water supply and sanitation in India have been recognised in recent times. After decades of neglect, the first national effort to invest in the urban water and sanitation sector commenced in the 1970s, but was accorded considerable priority in the subsequent two decades … Read more
Renewables 2023: A Global Snapshot of the Energy Transition Introduction The global energy landscape is undergoing a dramatic transformation, driven by a confluence of factors including climate change, energy security concerns, and technological advancements. Renewable energy sources, once considered niche players, are now at the forefront of this shift, playing a pivotal role in shaping … Read more
Geoengineering: A Controversial Solution to Climate Change The Earth’s climate is changing at an unprecedented rate, driven primarily by human activities that release greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. This change is already having significant impacts on the planet, from rising sea levels and extreme weather events to disruptions in ecosystems and human societies. While mitigating … Read more