Notes and Study material for Exams
Balance of Payments is a systematic record of all economic transactions undertaken by residents of one country i.e. households, firms and the government with their counterparts in rest of the world. It consists of: 1. Current Account, 2. Capital Account and 3. Reserve Account. The Current Account covers transactions in goods and Services and transfers … Read more
Regional imbalance is the disparity in economic and social development of two regions. One region/city/area is stronger than another region/city/area. Regions develop when investments are made to set up industries, service sectors, educational institutions, Health care facilities etc. Income inequality is the unequal distribution of household or individual income across the various participants in an economy. Income inequality is often presented as the … Read more
68.84% of the Population in India is rural based and majority of them depends on agriculture for a living. Enhanced and stable Growth of the agriculture sector is important as it plays a vital role not only in generating purchasing power among the rural population by creating on-farm and off-farm EMPLOYMENT opportunities but also through … Read more
Advance INFRASTRUCTURE-in-rural-areas/”>Infrastructure in Rural Areas Good quality infrastructure is critical to sustainable Growth, especially for rural areas. As over 60 per cent of the Population lives in rural areas, with low levels of per capital income, there is need to impart greater attention in improving rural infrastructure. Currently the rural infrastructure is inadequate to support … Read more
sanitation and Health care in Karnataka Health care Good health Services are those which deliver effective, safe, quality, individual and Population based health interventions to those who need them, as and when required, with optimal use of Resources, at a cost that the individual and community can afford. Similar to the rest of the nation, … Read more
Self Help Groups in Karnataka The economy of Karnataka is essentially an agrarian and rural economy. It accounts for 56 per cent of workforce of the State. In addition it supports other economic activities such as Industry, transport, Trade and Commerce, etc. The rural economy supplies food articles and home-made products to non-farm sector. The … Read more
State Finances And Local Finances State finances The constitution (73rd and 74th) Amendment Acts, 1992 and ARTICLE 280 (3) (c) have altered the erstwhile fiscal devolution system and framework between the states and local governments. Under the new fiscal devolution system every State Government is required to constitute, once in five years, a Finance Commission … Read more
Rural Development Initiatives :Karnataka Urban Ashraya/Vajpayee Urban Housing Scheme This is State Sponsored scheme implemented for urban poor and it was introduced by the Government in the year 1991-92. The annual income of the beneficiary is Rs.32,000/-. The beneficiaries are selected by the Ashraya Committee comprising both official and non official members appointed by the … Read more
Micro finance institutions in Karnataka The origin of microfinance in Karnataka dates back to 1984 when Mysore Resettlement and Development Agency (MYRADA), a Non-Governmental Organisation (NGO) engaged in rural development and based in Karnataka, promoted several co-operative societies that extended loans to their members (Fernandez, 2004). Later in the mid-1980s, the National Bank for agriculture … Read more
Panchayat: Financing, Resource mobilization and devolution Sources of Funds The Amendments left important matters such as implementation, service delivery (including local capacity building) and transfer of responsibilities and powers to rural local bodies at the discretion of the state legislatures. Consequently, while expenditure responsibilities of local bodies are extensively enhanced, there is no law to … Read more