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Fundamental Rights and Duties

The Indian constitution originally provided 7 categories of Fundamental Rights. But one fundamental right, that to property was removed from the list of fundamental rights by 44th amendment. Right to Property now is an ordinary legal right. Thus there are now 6 categories of fundamental rights. These are:  (1) Right to Equality (Arts. 14-18). In … Read more

Federal Dynamics.

Federalism is a System of Government in which the same territory is controlled by two levels of government. Generally, an overarching national government governs issues that affect the entire country, and smaller subdivisions govern issues of local concern. Both the national government and the smaller political subdivisions have the power to make laws and both … Read more

Parliamentary Form of Government

Parliamentary form of government is the System of Government in which there exists an intimate and harmonious relationship between the executive and the legislative departments, and the stability and efficacy of the executive department depend on the legislature.Its a system of government in which the power to make and execute laws is held by a … Read more

Determinants and Nature of Indian Politics, Election and Voting Behavior, Coalition Governments.

Determinants and Nature of Indian Politics In a multilingual,multi cultural democratic set up like India,voting behaviour is dictated by a plethora of complex issues.From time and again it has been proved that Political Parties in India can not rely upon any particular factor to win the trust and confidence of the voters.Such is the complex … Read more

Difference between substantial and procedural laws

Difference between substantial and procedural laws Procedural laws Procedural law provides the process that a case will go through (whether it goes to trial or not). The procedural law determines how a proceeding concerning the enforcement of substantive law will occur. Substantive law defines how the facts in the case will be handled, as well … Read more

LABOUR LAW REFORMS

Definition: Industrial legalizations are the laws enacted by the Government to provide economic and social Justice to the workers in industries. Generally these laws provide guidelines to the employers/industrialists in dealing with the matters of wages, wage incentives, facilitates for workers and the working conditions of labour. Necessity: Improves industrial relation i.e. employee-employer relations and … Read more

Significant Provisions

  Emergency Provisions in the Constitution of India The Emergency Provisions are mentioned from ARTICLE 352 to Article 360. ?      Article 352: Proclamation of Emergency – due to external intrusion or war the President of India can declare a state of emergency through a Proclamation. This Article suggests that such a Proclamation can be revoked or a … Read more

Changing Trends In Employment And Necessity For New Labour Laws

  JOB CREATION   As outlined in the NITI Aayog’s Action Agenda, India suffers more from the problem of underemployment (i.e. low-productivity, low-wage jobs) than Unemployment as for example: In 2011-12, agriculture engaged nearly 50% of the workforce but contributed 15% to GDP In 2010-11, within manufacturing, small firms employed 72% but output was only … Read more