Andhra Pradesh: Relief and Structure

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<–2/”>a >Andhra Pradesh has varied topography. It varies from the hills of Eastern Ghats and Nallamala Hills to the shores of Bay of Bengal.

 

 

Fig: Andhra Pradesh-Political Map

Two main river of Andhra Pradesh;Krishna and Godavari, flows through the state.

The state has two regions Coastal Andhra and Rayalaseema.

The plains to the east of Eastern Ghats form the Eastern coastal plains. The coastal plains are for the most part of delta regions formed by the Godavari, Krishna, and Penna rivers.

The Eastern Ghats are not continuous and each section of this their own name. The Eastern Ghats are a major dividing line in the state’s geography. The Kadapa Basinformed by two arching branches of the Eastern Ghats is a mineral-rich area. The Ghats become more pronounced towards the south and extreme north of the coast. Most of the coastal plains are put to intense agricultural use.

The Rayalaseema region has semi-arid conditions, where Average rainfall is very low. In this region dry conditions prevails and droughts are more recurrently occurring. Lambasingi (or Lammasingi), a village in the Chintapalli Mandal of Visakhapatnam district is situated at 1000 meters above the sea level. It is the only place in South India which has snowfall and is also nicknamed as Kashmir of Andhra Pradesh. Throughout the year the temperature here ranges from 0 °C to 10 °C.

 

Geographically, Andhra Pradesh can be divided into following categories:

 

  • Deccan Plateau-> the western part of Andhra Pradesh comes under Deccan Plateau region. It has semi arid climatic conditions. Ananthapur and Kurnool districts are under this region.

 

  • Central Plateau->Cuddapah, Prakasham and Guntur district comes under central plateau. It his highland with low to high vegetation cover.

 

  • Eastern Highland-> This region run parallel to Eastern Ghat. Eastern highland gets good rain through retreating and winter Cyclones-2/”>Cyclones from Bay of Bengal.

 

  • East Coastal Plain: These plain is often called Circar in this region. These coastal plains form large deltas from Godavari and Krishna river. Many Irrigation project and navigation project are being setup in this region. This area consists of major Ports like Vishakhapatnam. Lake Pulicat is brackish water lake on the eastern coastal plains.

 

 

 

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Andhra Pradesh is a state in the southern region of India. It is the seventh-largest state by area and the tenth-most populous state in India. The state is bordered by Telangana to the north, Chhattisgarh to the northeast, Odisha to the east, Karnataka to the west, and Tamil Nadu to the south. The state has a coastline of about 972 kilometers along the Bay of Bengal.

The relief of Andhra Pradesh is characterized by three major physiographic regions: the coastal plains, the Eastern Ghats, and the Central Highlands. The coastal plains are a narrow strip of land that runs along the Bay of Bengal. The Eastern Ghats are a mountain range that runs parallel to the coast. The Central Highlands are a plateau that lies between the Eastern Ghats and the Western Ghats.

The coastal plains are the most densely populated region of Andhra Pradesh. The Climate is tropical, with hot and humid summers and mild winters. The main crops grown in the coastal plains are rice, sugarcane, and Cotton. The major cities in the coastal plains are Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada, and Guntur.

The Eastern Ghats are a mountain range that runs parallel to the coast. The Mountains are composed of Precambrian rocks and are heavily forested. The climate in the Eastern Ghats is cooler than in the coastal plains. The main crops grown in the Eastern Ghats are rice, tea, and coffee. The major cities in the Eastern Ghats are Hyderabad, Tirupati, and Visakhapatnam.

The Central Highlands are a plateau that lies between the Eastern Ghats and the Western Ghats. The plateau is composed of Deccan Trap basalts and is relatively dry. The climate in the Central Highlands is semi-arid, with hot summers and cool winters. The main crops grown in the Central Highlands are cotton, millet, and sorghum. The major cities in the Central Highlands are Hyderabad, Warangal, and Kurnool.

The structure of Andhra Pradesh is characterized by the presence of three major rock types: Archean rocks, Proterozoic rocks, and Gondwana rocks. The Archean rocks are the oldest rocks in the state and are found in the Eastern Ghats. The Proterozoic rocks are found in the Central Highlands and the Western Ghats. The Gondwana rocks are found in the coastal plains.

The Archean rocks are composed of granites, gneisses, and Metamorphic Rocks. The Proterozoic rocks are composed of sandstones, shales, and limestones. The Gondwana rocks are composed of sandstones, shales, and coal.

The Archean rocks are the oldest rocks in the state and are found in the Eastern Ghats. The Archean rocks are composed of granites, gneisses, and metamorphic rocks. The granites are intrusive Igneous Rocks that were formed when magma cooled and solidified deep within the Earth’s crust. The gneisses are metamorphic rocks that were formed when existing rocks were subjected to heat and pressure. The metamorphic rocks are composed of Minerals that were formed when the existing rocks were heated and pressurized.

The Proterozoic rocks are found in the Central Highlands and the Western Ghats. The Proterozoic rocks are composed of sandstones, shales, and limestones. The sandstones are Sedimentary Rocks that were formed when sand was deposited by rivers and streams. The shales are sedimentary rocks that were formed when mud was deposited by rivers and streams. The limestones are sedimentary rocks that were formed when calcium carbonate was deposited by Marine Organisms.

The Gondwana rocks are found in the coastal plains. The Gondwana rocks are composed of sandstones, shales, and coal. The sandstones are sedimentary rocks that were formed when sand was deposited by rivers and streams. The shales are sedimentary rocks that were formed when mud was deposited by rivers and streams. The coal is a sedimentary rock that was formed when plant material was buried and subjected to heat and pressure.

What is the relief of Andhra Pradesh?

The relief of Andhra Pradesh is characterized by a long coastline, a central plateau, and a number of mountain ranges. The coastline is about 972 kilometers long and is home to a number of important ports, including Visakhapatnam, Chennai, and Kakinada. The central plateau is a highland region that is home to the state’s capital, Hyderabad. The mountain ranges include the Eastern Ghats and the Western Ghats.

What is the structure of Andhra Pradesh?

The structure of Andhra Pradesh is a result of its Geological history. The state is located on the Indian Plate, which is a tectonic plate that is slowly moving northward. The Indian Plate is colliding with the Eurasian Plate, which is causing the Himalayas to rise. The collision of these two plates has also caused the formation of the Eastern Ghats and the Western Ghats.

What are the major Landforms of Andhra Pradesh?

The major landforms of Andhra Pradesh are the coastline, the central plateau, the Eastern Ghats, and the Western Ghats. The coastline is about 972 kilometers long and is home to a number of important ports, including Visakhapatnam, Chennai, and Kakinada. The central plateau is a highland region that is home to the state’s capital, Hyderabad. The Eastern Ghats and the Western Ghats are mountain ranges that run parallel to the coastline.

What are the major rivers of Andhra Pradesh?

The major rivers of Andhra Pradesh are the Godavari, the Krishna, and the Pennar. The Godavari is the longest river in India and is a major source of irrigation and drinking water for the state. The Krishna is the second longest river in India and is also a major source of irrigation and drinking water. The Pennar is a smaller river that flows through the central plateau.

What are the major climate zones of Andhra Pradesh?

The major climate zones of Andhra Pradesh are the tropical wet and dry climate, the tropical monsoon climate, and the tropical savanna climate. The tropical wet and dry climate is found in the northern part of the state and is characterized by hot, dry summers and cool, wet winters. The tropical monsoon climate is found in the central and southern parts of the state and is characterized by hot, wet summers and cool, dry winters. The tropical savanna climate is found in the eastern part of the state and is characterized by hot, wet summers and dry winters.

What are the major natural Resources of Andhra Pradesh?

The major Natural Resources of Andhra Pradesh are coal, iron Ore, limestone, and granite. Coal is a major Source Of Energy for the state and is used to generate electricity. Iron ore is used to make steel and is a major export of the state. Limestone is used to make cement and is also a major export of the state. Granite is a type of stone that is used in construction and is a major export of the state.

What are the major industries of Andhra Pradesh?

The major industries of Andhra Pradesh are agriculture, textiles, and manufacturing. Agriculture is the largest Industry in the state and employs the majority of the Population. Textiles are a major export of the state and are produced in a number of cities, including Hyderabad and Tirupati. Manufacturing is a growing industry in the state and is concentrated in a number of cities, including Visakhapatnam and Vijayawada.

What are the major tourist attractions of Andhra Pradesh?

The major tourist attractions of Andhra Pradesh are the temples of Tirupati, the beaches of Visakhapatnam, and the wildlife sanctuaries of Nagarjuna Sagar and Srisailam. Tirupati is a holy city for Hindus and is home to the Venkateswara Temple, one of the most popular temples in India. Visakhapatnam is a port city with a number of beaches, including the Rushikonda Beach and the Bheemunipatnam Beach. Nagarjuna Sagar is a wildlife sanctuary that is home to a number of animals, including tigers, leopards, and elephants. Srisailam is a Hindu pilgrimage site that is home to the Srisailam Temple.

  1. Which of the following is not a part of Andhra Pradesh?
    (A) Srikakulam
    (B) Visakhapatnam
    (C) Vijayawada
    (D) Chennai

  2. The capital of Andhra Pradesh is:
    (A) Hyderabad
    (B) Amaravati
    (C) Vijayawada
    (D) Visakhapatnam

  3. The Official Language of Andhra Pradesh is:
    (A) Telugu
    (B) Hindi
    (C) English
    (D) Kannada

  4. The population of Andhra Pradesh is:
    (A) 50 million
    (B) 80 million
    (C) 100 million
    (D) 120 million

  5. The area of Andhra Pradesh is:
    (A) 100,000 sq km
    (B) 200,000 sq km
    (C) 300,000 sq km
    (D) 400,000 sq km

  6. The Climate of Andhra Pradesh is:
    (A) Tropical
    (B) Subtropical
    (C) Temperate
    (D) Alpine

  7. The major rivers of Andhra Pradesh are:
    (A) Godavari
    (B) Krishna
    (C) Pennar
    (D) All of the above

  8. The major crops of Andhra Pradesh are:
    (A) Rice
    (B) Cotton
    (C) Sugarcane
    (D) All of the above

  9. The major industries of Andhra Pradesh are:
    (A) Textiles
    (B) Electronics
    (C) Automobiles
    (D) All of the above

  10. The major tourist attractions of Andhra Pradesh are:
    (A) Tirupati
    (B) Vijayawada
    (C) Visakhapatnam
    (D) All of the above