Andhra Pradesh Irrigation and Hydropower

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Andhra Pradesh Irrigation and Hydropower Projects

Geographically, Andhra Pradesh is in peninsular India consisting of coastal belt on the east and Rayalaseema in the south-west. Therefore, Andhra Pradesh has the advantage of having most of the east flowing rivers in the state bringing in copious supplies from the Western and Eastern Ghats and up to Bay of Bengal. Andhra Pradesh has a heritage of cultivation and irrigation dating back to several centuries. In the past, ancient Kings and rulers built artificial lakes and reservoirs by constructing bunds and anicuts across rivers for creating irrigation potential as well as drinking water for the people. Andhra Pradesh is a riverine state with 40 major, medium and minor rivers. Godavari, Krishna, Vamsadhara, Nagavali and Pennar are major interstate rivers.  It helps to develop Irrigation and Hydropower Projects in Andhra pradesh.

Irrigation Projects:-

  • The total irrigation potential created under major and medium projects before 1956 was 29.73 Lakh Acres, and from 1956 to 02/2015 is 39.35 Lakh Acres.
  • The Irrigation potential created under Minor irrigation and APSIDC since inception up to 02/2015 is 32.63 Lakh Acres.
  • Thus, the total new irrigation potential created under Major, Medium & Minor irrigation and APSIDC in the state is 101.72 Lakh Acres.
  • After independence several important schemes implemented like Nagarjunasagar project, Prakasam Barrage, Sir Arthur Cotton Barrage, Tungabhadra Low-level canal, Kurnool-Cuddapah canal, Kadam project, Romperu drainage project and Upper Pennar project.
  • The projects under the implementation phase are Sriramsagar, Vamsadhara, Srisalim right branch canal, Yeluru Reservoir Scheme, Godavari delta system, etc.
  • Recently Andhra pradesh goverment launch ‘Jalasiri Harati’ scheme to to help keep drought away from the State. Under this Scheme, 28 irrigation projects will be completed.
  • Recently Purushothapatnam project has inaugrated. After 40 long years of wait, the people of East Godavari would get irrigation facility to 2.15 lakh acres spread over Rajanagaram, Peddapuram, Prattipadu, Pithapuram, and Jaggampeta through the Purushothapatnam project.

 

Hydropower Projects:-

  • The major power projects of the state are-the Nagarjunasagar and Neelam Sanjiva Reddy Sagar (Srisailam Hydel Project), Upper Sileru, Lower Sileru, Tungabhadra Hydel Projects and Nellore, Ramagundam, Kothagudem, Vijayawada and Muddanur thermal projects.
  • Main Hydel power generation projects are Srisailam Hydro Electric Project (installed capacity of 770 MW) and Nagarjunasagar Complex (installed capacity of 960 MW), whereas Vijayawada Thermal Power Station and Kothagudem Thermal Power Station are the main source of thermal power generation with installed capacity of 1260 MW and 1180 MW respectively.
  • Simhadri Thermal Power Station with installed capacity of 1000 MW aims at supplying the entire power generated to the state.

 

Top 10 Dams, Barrage and hydro projects of Andhra Pradesh:-

  1. Nagarjuna Sagar Dam:-

Nagarjuna Sagar Dam built across the Krishna river forming boundary between Telangana and Guntur district of Andhra Pradesh state. The dam and reservoir has the second biggest water reservoir in India of 405 TMC gross storage capacity.

  1. Srisailam Dam:-Andhra Pradesh Irrigation and Hydropower

Srisailam Dam constructed on the Krishna river at the border of Telangana and Kurnool district of Andhra Pradesh. The dam is located in the deep gorge in the Nallamala Hills and has the 2nd largest capacity hydroelectric project in the country.

  1. Prakasham Barrage:-

Prakasham Barrage across the Krishna river is located at the outskirts of Vijayawada in Krishna district and the barrage also serves as a road bridge over a lake. The dam and lake are one of the major tourist attraction of Vijayawada.

  1. Dowleswaram Barrage:-

Dowleswaram Barrage across the Godavari river in Dowleswaram was built on the last stretch of the Godavari before it empties into the Bay of Bengal. The dam and reservoir has 2.93 Tmcft gross storage capacity and one of the famous Barrage in India.

  1. Polavaram Dam:-

Polavaram Dam across the Godavari river is a multi-purpose irrigation project under construction in Andhra Pradesh. The dam site will have canal,tunnels and underground hydro electric station and reservoir has live storage 75.2 tmcft. Recently Central Minister Nitin Gadkari Announced that Construction of Polavaram Dam will Completed before 2019 Elections.

  1. Jalaput Dam:-

Jalaput Dam is built across the Machkund river near by border of Odisha and Andhra Pradesh in Visakhapatnam district. Jalaput Dam and Reservoir has six power generation units and one of the major source Hydroelectric power stations in the state. Machkund Hydro Power Plant India is located at Near Duduma Falls, 70 km from Jeypore, Andhra Pradesh, India.

  1. Tatipudi Dam:-

Tatipudi Dam and Reservoir is located in Tatipudi of Vizianagaram and major source of drinking water supply to the city of Visakhapatnam. Thatipudi Reservoir has storage capacity of about 3 tmcft and is a major tourist attraction in Visakhapatnam.

  1. Donkarayi Hydroelectric Project:-

Donkarayi Hydroelectric Project (25 MW) is built across the Sileru river of the godavari basin.

  1. Penna Ahobilam Balancing Reservoir (PABR):-

Penna Ahobilam Balancing Reservoir (PABR) is an irrigation project located across Penner River in Anantapur district of Andhra Pradesh state in India. Anantapur city gets its drinking water from the PABR. The reservoir with live storage capacity of 305 million cubic metres is mainly fed by Tungabhdra high level canal originating from the Tungabhdra Dam. A 20 MW hydro electric power station is also constructed at the dam site.

  1. Pulichinthala Project:-

Pulichintala Project called as KLRao Sagar multipurpose irrigation project is a multi purpose project serving irrigation needs, hydro power generation and flood control. It is a crucial irrigation facility for farmers of four coastal districts of West Godavari, Krishna, Guntur and Prakasam where irrigation facility for 13 lakh acres.

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Andhra Pradesh is a state in India with a long history of irrigation and hydropower development. The state has a number of major irrigation projects, including the Nagarjuna Sagar Dam, the Srisailam Dam, and the Pulichintala Dam. These dams provide water for irrigation, drinking water, and hydroelectric power generation.

Andhra Pradesh also has a number of hydropower projects, including the Polavaram Hydroelectric Project, the Kadapa Hydroelectric Project, and the Chevella Hydroelectric Project. These projects generate electricity from the state’s abundant water Resources.

Irrigation in Andhra Pradesh is essential for agriculture, which is the state’s main economic activity. The state’s irrigation system is complex and includes a Network of canals, tanks, and wells. The system is managed by the Andhra Pradesh Irrigation Department.

Hydropower in Andhra Pradesh is also important for the state’s economy. The state’s hydropower projects generate electricity that is used to power homes, businesses, and industries. The state’s hydropower projects also provide jobs for thousands of people.

Irrigation and hydropower are essential for the development of Andhra Pradesh. The state’s irrigation system provides water for agriculture, while the state’s hydropower projects generate electricity. Both irrigation and hydropower are important for the state’s economy and for the livelihoods of its people.

Irrigation in Andhra Pradesh is a complex and challenging issue. The state has a long history of droughts and floods, which have made it difficult to maintain a reliable irrigation system. In addition, the state’s Population is growing rapidly, which is putting a strain on the state’s Water Resources.

The Andhra Pradesh government has taken a number of steps to address the challenges of irrigation in the state. The government has invested in new irrigation Infrastructure-2/”>INFRASTRUCTURE, such as canals and dams. The government has also implemented a number of water conservation measures, such as rainwater harvesting and water recycling.

Despite these efforts, the challenges of irrigation in Andhra Pradesh remain significant. The state’s water resources are under increasing pressure from population Growth, Urbanization, and Climate change. The government will need to continue to invest in new irrigation infrastructure and water conservation measures in order to meet the needs of the state’s growing population.

Hydropower in Andhra Pradesh is also a complex and challenging issue. The state has a number of hydropower projects, but these projects have been controversial. Some people have argued that the projects have had a negative impact on the Environment and on the livelihoods of people who live in the areas where the projects are located.

The Andhra Pradesh government has taken a number of steps to address the challenges of hydropower in the state. The government has conducted environmental impact assessments for all of the state’s hydropower projects. The government has also implemented a number of social impact mitigation measures, such as providing compensation to people who have been displaced by the projects.

Despite these efforts, the challenges of hydropower in Andhra Pradesh remain significant. The state’s hydropower projects have been criticized for their environmental impact. The government will need to continue to monitor the environmental impact of the projects and to take steps to mitigate any negative impacts.

The future of irrigation and hydropower in Andhra Pradesh is uncertain. The state’s water resources are under increasing pressure from Population Growth, urbanization, and Climate Change. The government will need to continue to invest in new irrigation infrastructure and water conservation measures in order to meet the needs of the state’s growing population. The government will also need to continue to monitor the environmental impact of the state’s hydropower projects and to take steps to mitigate any negative impacts.

What is irrigation?

Irrigation is the artificial application of water to land to assist in the growing of crops. It is used to supplement and replenish the natural water cycle.

What are the different types of irrigation?

There are many different types of irrigation, but the most common are:

  • Surface irrigation: This is the oldest and most common type of irrigation. Water is applied to the surface of the land by gravity, from canals, ditches, or floodplains.
  • Sprinkler Irrigation: This type of irrigation uses sprinklers to spray water onto the crops.
  • Drip Irrigation: This type of irrigation delivers water directly to the roots of the Plants, through a network of small pipes.

What are the benefits of irrigation?

Irrigation can provide many benefits, including:

  • Increased crop yields: Irrigation can help to increase crop yields by providing plants with the water they need to grow.
  • Improved crop quality: Irrigation can help to improve crop quality by reducing the risk of drought Stress.
  • Reduced Soil erosion: Irrigation can help to reduce soil erosion by keeping the soil moist.
  • Increased water efficiency: Irrigation can help to increase water efficiency by using water more effectively.

What are the challenges of irrigation?

Irrigation can also pose some challenges, including:

  • Water scarcity: Irrigation can require a lot of water, which can be a challenge in areas where water is scarce.
  • Environmental impact: Irrigation can have a negative impact on the environment, such as by reducing water levels in rivers and streams.
  • Energy costs: Irrigation can be energy-intensive, which can be a challenge in areas where energy costs are high.

What is hydropower?

Hydropower is a form of energy that is generated by the movement of water. It is a RENEWABLE ENERGY source that can be used to generate electricity.

How does hydropower work?

Hydropower works by using the force of moving water to turn a turbine. The turbine is connected to a Generator, which produces electricity.

What are the benefits of hydropower?

Hydropower has many benefits, including:

  • It is a renewable energy source.
  • It is a clean energy source.
  • It can be used to generate large amounts of electricity.
  • It can be used to store energy.

What are the challenges of hydropower?

Hydropower also has some challenges, including:

  • It can have a negative impact on the environment.
  • It can be expensive to build and maintain.
  • It can be difficult to site hydropower projects.

What are the future of hydropower?

The future of hydropower is uncertain. The cost of hydropower has been increasing, and the environmental impact of hydropower has been increasing. However, hydropower is still a valuable source of renewable energy, and it is likely to continue to be used in the future.

Question 1

Which of the following is not a type of irrigation?

(A) Canal Irrigation
(B) Sprinkler irrigation
(C) Drip irrigation
(D) Hydropower

Answer

(D) Hydropower is not a type of irrigation. It is a type of energy generation.

Question 2

Which of the following is not a benefit of irrigation?

(A) Increased crop yields
(B) Reduced soil erosion
(C) Improved water quality
(D) Increased water use

Answer

(D) Increased water use is not a benefit of irrigation. Irrigation can actually help to reduce water use by making it more efficient.

Question 3

Which of the following is not a challenge of irrigation?

(A) Salinity
(B) Waterlogging
(C) Erosion
(D) Flooding

Answer

(D) Flooding is not a challenge of irrigation. Irrigation can actually help to reduce flooding by controlling the flow of water.

Question 4

Which of the following is not a type of hydropower?

(A) Run-of-river hydropower
(B) Pumped storage hydropower
(C) Tidal hydropower
(D) Geothermal hydropower

Answer

(D) Geothermal hydropower is not a type of hydropower. It is a type of Geothermal Energy.

Question 5

Which of the following is not a benefit of hydropower?

(A) It is a renewable energy source
(B) It does not produce greenhouse gases
(C) It is a reliable Source Of Energy
(D) It is a clean source of energy

Answer

(D) Hydropower is not a clean source of energy. It can have a negative impact on the environment, including fish populations and water quality.

Question 6

Which of the following is not a challenge of hydropower?

(A) Dam construction can be expensive
(B) Dams can have a negative impact on the environment
(C) Hydropower is not always available
(D) Hydropower is not a renewable energy source

Answer

(D) Hydropower is a renewable energy source. It is a source of energy that comes from the natural flow of water.

Question 7

Which of the following is not a type of canal irrigation?

(A) Main canal
(B) Branch canal
(C) Distributary canal
(D) Minor canal

Answer

(D) Minor canal is not a type of canal irrigation. It is a type of irrigation system that uses small canals to deliver water to crops.

Question 8

Which of the following is not a benefit of canal irrigation?

(A) It is a relatively inexpensive way to irrigate large areas of land
(B) It can be used to irrigate a variety of crops
(C) It can help to control soil erosion
(D) It can help to improve water quality

Answer

(D) Canal irrigation can actually have a negative impact on water quality. The water that is used for irrigation can pick up pollutants from the soil and carry them into waterways.

Question 9

Which of the following is not a challenge of canal irrigation?

(A) Canals can be expensive to build and maintain
(B) Canals can be a source of Water Pollution
(C) Canals can lead to waterlogging and Salinization of soil
(D) Canals can fragment habitats and disrupt wildlife Migration

Answer

(A) Canals are not always expensive to build and maintain. The cost of building and maintaining a canal depends on a number of factors, including the size of the canal, the type of soil, and the climate.

Question 10

Which of the following is not a type of sprinkler irrigation?

(A) Rotating sprinkler
(B) Impact sprinkler
(C) Micro sprinkler
(D) Drip irrigation

Answer

(D) Drip irrigation is not a type of sprinkler irrigation. It is a type of irrigation system that delivers water directly to the roots of plants through a network of small pipes.