WHAT IS OIC Full Form

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The Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) is the second-largest intergovernmental organization after the United Nations, with a membership of 57 states spread across four continents. It is a collective voice for the Muslim world, working to safeguard the interests of its member states and promoting cooperation in various fields.

History and Formation

The OIC was established in 1969 following the arson attack on the Al-Aqsa Mosque in Jerusalem. The founding members were 25 Muslim-majority countries, united by their shared concern for the sanctity of Islamic holy sites and the plight of Palestinians. The organization’s charter was adopted in 1972, outlining its objectives and principles.

Objectives and Principles

The OIC’s primary objectives are:

• To promote solidarity and cooperation among member states.
• To safeguard the interests of the Muslim world.
• To support the Palestinian people’s right to self-determination.
• To promote Islamic values and principles.
• To contribute to the development of member states.

The OIC operates on the principles of:

• Respect for Sovereignty and territorial Integrity of member states.
• Non-interference in the internal affairs of member states.
• Peaceful settlement of disputes.
• Cooperation in all fields of mutual interest.

Structure and Organization

The OIC’s structure consists of:

• The Islamic Summit Conference: The highest decision-making body, meeting every three years.
• The Council of Foreign Ministers: Meets annually to discuss current issues and formulate policy recommendations.
• The General Secretariat: The OIC’s administrative body, headquartered in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
• Specialized institutions: These include the Islamic Development Bank, the Islamic Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (ISESCO), and the Islamic Commission for International Islamic Fiqh Academy.

Key Activities and Initiatives

The OIC engages in a wide range of activities, including:

• Promoting peace and security: The OIC has played a significant role in mediating conflicts and promoting dialogue between different groups.
• Economic cooperation: The OIC supports Economic Development through initiatives like the Islamic Development Bank and the Islamic Chamber of Commerce and Industry.
• Social and Cultural Development: The OIC promotes Education, Health, and cultural exchange programs among member states.
• Human Rights and humanitarian assistance: The OIC advocates for the protection of human rights and provides humanitarian aid to those in need.
• Combating terrorism and extremism: The OIC works to counter terrorism and extremism by promoting interfaith dialogue and fostering understanding.

Achievements and Challenges

The OIC has achieved significant successes in promoting solidarity and cooperation among Muslim countries. It has played a crucial role in supporting the Palestinian cause, promoting economic development, and addressing issues of common concern.

However, the OIC faces several challenges, including:

• Internal divisions: Differences in political ideologies and priorities among member states can hinder collective action.
• Lack of financial Resources: The OIC’s budget is limited, which restricts its ability to implement ambitious projects.
• Criticism of its effectiveness: Some critics argue that the OIC has not been effective in addressing key issues facing the Muslim world.

Frequently Asked Questions

1. What is the purpose of the OIC?

The OIC aims to promote solidarity and cooperation among member states, safeguard their interests, support the Palestinian people’s right to self-determination, promote Islamic values, and contribute to the development of member states.

2. How many countries are members of the OIC?

There are 57 member states in the OIC.

3. What is the role of the Islamic Summit Conference?

The Islamic Summit Conference is the highest decision-making body of the OIC. It meets every three years to discuss major issues and set strategic directions.

4. What are some of the OIC’s key achievements?

The OIC has played a significant role in supporting the Palestinian cause, promoting economic development, and addressing issues of common concern. It has also contributed to the development of education, health, and cultural exchange programs among member states.

5. What are some of the challenges facing the OIC?

The OIC faces challenges such as internal divisions, lack of financial resources, and criticism of its effectiveness.

6. How does the OIC work to combat terrorism and extremism?

The OIC works to counter terrorism and extremism by promoting interfaith dialogue and fostering understanding. It also supports initiatives aimed at addressing the root causes of terrorism, such as poverty and inequality.

7. What is the relationship between the OIC and the United Nations?

The OIC has observer status at the United Nations and works closely with the UN on issues of mutual concern.

8. What is the future of the OIC?

The OIC’s future depends on its ability to overcome internal divisions, secure adequate funding, and demonstrate its effectiveness in addressing the challenges facing the Muslim world.

Tables

Table 1: OIC Member States by Region

Table 2: OIC Specialized Institutions