<<–2/”>a href=”https://exam.pscnotes.com/5653-2/”>p>The Criminal Investigation Department (CID) and the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) are two prominent law enforcement agencies in India. Both agencies play crucial roles in maintaining law and order, investigating complex crimes, and ensuring Justice. While CID primarily operates at the state level, CBI functions at the national level, handling cases of national and international significance. This comprehensive analysis aims to elucidate the key differences, advantages, disadvantages, and similarities between CID and CBI, as well as answer frequently asked questions about these agencies.
| Feature | CID (Criminal Investigation Department) | CBI (Central Bureau of Investigation) |
|---|---|---|
| Establishment | Established in 1902 by the British Government. | Established in 1941 as the Special Police Establishment, renamed CBI in 1963. |
| Jurisdiction | Operates at the state level. | Operates at the national and international levels. |
| Control | Under the control of the State Government. | Under the control of the Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions, Government of India. |
| Types of Cases | Handles cases related to state-specific crimes such as murder, theft, and riots. | Handles cases of national and international significance like Corruption, financial crimes, and high-profile murders. |
| Authority to Investigate | Requires permission from the state government to investigate cases within the state. | Requires permission from the central government or the state government (in some cases) to investigate cases. |
| Autonomy | Limited autonomy, operates under the directives of the state government. | Greater autonomy, operates under the directives of the central government. |
| Funding | Funded by the respective state government. | Funded by the central government. |
| Staff Recruitment | Staff recruited through state-level Public Service commissions. | Staff recruited through the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) and deputation from other central and state police forces. |
| Major Units | Special Crime Unit, Anti-Human Trafficking Unit, Cyber Crime Unit, etc. | Anti-Corruption Unit, Economic Offences Wing, Special Crimes Division, etc. |
| Notable Cases | Investigated state-level cases like local riots and regional crimes. | Investigated high-profile cases like the Bofors scandal, 2G spectrum case, and Sushant Singh Rajput death case. |
The primary difference is that CID operates at the state level under the control of the state government, while CBI operates at the national level under the control of the central government.
No, CID’s jurisdiction is limited to the state boundaries. For cases outside its state, coordination with the relevant state’s CID or other agencies is required.
CBI can take up cases referred to it by the central government, state governments, or the courts. It can also take up cases of national importance or those involving multiple states.
CID officers can be from the state police service or IPS officers on deputation to the CID.
The Director of CBI is appointed by a committee consisting of the Prime Minister, the Leader of Opposition, and the Chief Justice of India or a Supreme Court judge nominated by him.
CID handles cases related to local crimes such as murders, thefts, assaults, and other offenses specific to the state.
No, CBI requires permission from the state government or direction from the central government or the courts to investigate cases within a state.
CBI has wider jurisdiction, greater autonomy, and more Resources compared to CID, making it more powerful in terms of investigative capabilities.
Yes, CID and CBI often collaborate on investigations, especially in cases that span multiple states or have national implications.
Crimes can be reported to CID through local police stations, while crimes can be reported to CBI through their official website or regional offices.
By understanding the distinctions and functionalities of CID and CBI, one can better appreciate their roles in the Indian law enforcement system. Both agencies, despite their differences, contribute significantly to upholding justice and ensuring the safety of citizens.