Discover the diverse geography of Haryana, featuring fertile plains, river systems, and the Aravalli Hills. Learn about the state’s climate, natural resources, and topographical features. Explore how Haryana’s geography influences its agriculture, culture, and economic activities, shaping its distinct regional identity within India.
FAQs on Haryana Geography
- What is the geographical location of Haryana?
- Haryana is a state located in North India. It borders Punjab and Himachal Pradesh to the north, Rajasthan to the west and south, Uttar Pradesh to the east, and Delhi (the National Capital Territory) to the south.
- What are the main physiographic divisions of Haryana?
- Haryana has four main physiographic divisions:
- The Shivalik Hills: The foothills of the Himalayas in the northeastern part of the state.
- The Yamuna Alluvial Plain: A fertile plain formed by the Yamuna River, covering a significant portion of the state.
- The Ghaggar Plain: A semi-arid plain in the western part of the state.
- The Semi-Desert Plain: A dry region in the southwestern part of the state, merging with the Thar Desert.
- What is the climate of Haryana?
- Haryana experiences a continental climate with hot summers (April-June) and cold winters (December-February). The monsoon season (July-September) brings moderate rainfall.
- What are the major rivers in Haryana?
- The major rivers flowing through Haryana are the Yamuna, Ghaggar, and Markanda. The Yamuna is the most important river, providing water for irrigation and drinking.
- What are the major natural resources found in Haryana?
- Haryana’s natural resources include:
- Agricultural Land: The state has fertile alluvial soil, making it suitable for agriculture.
- Minerals: Limestone, marble, and slate are some of the minerals found in Haryana.
- Groundwater: Groundwater is an essential source of water for irrigation and domestic use in the state.
- What are the major crops grown in Haryana?
- Haryana is a major agricultural state, and the main crops grown include:
- Wheat
- Rice
- Sugarcane
- Cotton
- Oilseeds (mustard, sunflower)
- Pulses (gram, lentil)
- What are the major cities in Haryana?
- The major cities in Haryana include:
- Chandigarh (capital)
- Faridabad
- Gurgaon
- Panipat
- Ambala
- Rohtak
- Hisar
- What are some important geographical features of Haryana?
- Some important geographical features of Haryana include:
- Sultanpur National Park: A bird sanctuary known for its migratory birds.
- Morni Hills: A hill station in the Shivalik range, known for its scenic beauty.
- Kalesar National Park: A wildlife sanctuary home to various animal species.
- Surajkund: A reservoir known for its annual crafts fair.
- What are the main environmental issues facing Haryana?
- Haryana faces environmental challenges like:
- Water Scarcity: Over-exploitation of groundwater and declining rainfall are causing water scarcity in the state.
- Pollution: Industrial and vehicular pollution are major concerns, affecting air and water quality.
- Deforestation: The state has witnessed a decline in forest cover due to urbanization and agricultural expansion.