Scheduled Tribe of Himachal Pradesh

Scheduled Tribe of Himachal Pradesh

• Based on 2011 Census total popultaion of India is 08 Crore out of which ST Population is 10.45 Crore (8.6%).
• The tribal communities in India are enormously diverse and heterogeneous. There are wide ranging diversities among them in respect of languages spoken, size of population and mode of livelihood.
• The number of communities that find their place in the list of the Schedule of the Indian constitution is reflective of this diversity. The Government of India, in its Draft National Tribal Policy, 2006 records 698 Scheduled Tribes in India.
• As per the Census Of India 2011, the number of individual groups notified as Scheduled Tribes is 705.
• Tribes of Himachal Pradesh are scattered in different parts of this state and have occupied 0.4 %Percentage of India.
• The tribal communities residing in different parts of Himachal Pradesh are sociable and by their own culture and tradition, they have marked their position in the Indian subcontinent.
• Dancing, musical melodies, festivals, fairs etc. bore evidence to it.
• They are by nature nomadic people and their customs and social structure make them identifiable from each other.
• Tribes of Himachal Pradesh have taken up the occupations including rearing of cattle and also raising of wool.
• Dresses that these tribes of Himachal Pradesh wear also are quite exquisite to look at.
• Ttribes of Himachal Pradesh belong to the famous Indo-Aryan family group.
• The major tribes of this region include Kinnaura Tribe, Lahaule Tribe, Gaddi Tribe and Gujjar Tribe.
• In According to 2011 Census and Ministry of Tribal Affiars Reports the Tribal Polpulation of Himachal Pradesh

Total Scheduled Tribe in Himachal Pradesh that included in Constiturional List of Scheduled tribe by Government of India through President order with Name like

1. Bhot, Bodh
2. Gaddi
3. Gujjar
4. Jad, Lamba, Khampa
5. Kanaura, Kinnara
6. Lahaula
7. Pangwala
8. Swangla
9. Beta, Beda
10. Domba, Gara, Zoba

State  List of the Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups

PVTGs, currently including 75 tribal groups, have been identified as such on the basis of the following criteria:

1. Forest-dependent livelihoods,
2. Pre-agricultural level of existence,
3. Stagnant or declining population,
4. Low literacy rates
5. A subsistence-based economy.

As currently there is no tribal group of Himachal Pradesh included in PVTGs.

States List of Scheduled Areas

• The Fifth Schedule (Aarticle 244(1)) contains provisions relating to the administration of Scheduled Areas other than in Northeast India.
• First, areas can be designated Scheduled Areas on the order of the President, who can similarly declare that certain parts of/entire Scheduled Areas cease to be such.
• Second, the Governor of each State having Scheduled Areas shall annually, or whenever required by the President of India, submit a report to the President regarding the administration of Scheduled Areas.
• Currently, certain parts of nine States of the country are covered by the Fifth Schedule. The broad list of Scheduled Areas of HP is as follows:

1. Lahaul and Spiti district
2. Kinnaur district
3. Pangi tehsil and Bharmour sub-tehsil in Chamba district.

Specified by the Scheduled Areas (Himachal Pradesh) Order, 1975 (Constitution Order No.102) dated 21.11.1975

Detailed Explation of Some Major Tribes of HP are as Following

The tribal communities residing in different parts of Himachal Pradesh are sociable and by their own culture and tradition, they have marked their position in the Indian subcontinent. Dancing, musical melodies, festivals, fairs etc. bore evidence to it. They are by nature nomadic people and their customs and social structure make them identifiable from each other.

The tribes of Himachal Pradesh belong to the famous Indo-Aryan family group. The major tribes of this region include Kinnaura Tribe, Lahaule Tribe, Gaddi Tribe and Gujjar Tribe.

Kinnaura Tribe, Himachal Pradesh

Total population of Kinnaura is about 0.52 lakhs and about 13% of ST population of HP.

• Kinnaura tribes are the Scheduled tribes of the state of Himachal Pradesh and are of Mongoloid origin.
• This tribe is also known by the name of Kinor. In the western Himalayas, this Kinnaura tribal community is found in Baspa or Sangla valley that is located in high altitude of the Kinnaur district. Other regions where these Kinnaura tribes are located include Batseri or Bosering, Rakchham and Chhitkul.
• As per some scholars, the people of Kinnaura tribal community are the descendants of Kinners of Mahabharata. Another group holds that Kirats are the ancestors of this tribal group. The history says that the Kirats, defeated buy the Khasaas and Aryans fled away and came to inhabit in the lands of Trans Himalayan areas.
• The family structure of the Kinnaura tribes is joint family and the notable custom of this tribal group is their marriage. According to their custom, the brothers in a family share only one wife. This kind of marriage is known as Pandava marriage in their Society.
• Though the main occupation of the Kinnaura tribes are raising wool and rearing sheep, some are also engaged in Horticulture-2/”>Horticulture and agriculture.
• The culture of this tribal group maintains the ethnicity and this Kinnaura tribal community is ennobled as depicted in all the Elements of culture and tradition.
• Dancing, singing, festivals and languages – all these bore witnesses of their cultural exuberance. During their occasions and festivals they consume a special kind of drink known as ‘Angoori’.
• The language of this tribal group is known as Kinnauri language. Moreover, under the influence of the tribal communities of Indian subcontinent, this Kinnaura tribal community has developed fluency in Hindi language. Amongst this Kinnaura tribal community, there are Bhoti speakers also.
• These Kinnaura tribes have the tradition of maintaining herds of cattle in their houses. Women of this Kinnaura tribal community are quite hardworking. Weaving is practiced mainly by the female groups of this community. This Kinnaura tribal community produces exquisite baskets and other utensils, which have got demand not only on the local markets but also in the entire nation. The women also work in fields.
• The costumes of the male Kinnaura tribe include long coats or chubha and woolen pyjamas which are known as chamu sutan. The women wear a kind of woolen saree which is called Dhoru. They wear shoes made of goat hair and wool and capes called Bushahri.

Gujjar Tribe, Himachal Pradesh

• Gujjar tribes generally reside in Himachal Pradesh and are the descendants of the Khajar tribes.
• Their population is about 0.93 lakh and about 23.6% of state ST share.
• Gujjars are also known as Goojar, Gujar or Gurjara.
• Though the proper origin of the Gujjar tribes is not known but it is said that during the time of the invasion by Hunas the Gurjara clan moved to northern India and the Himachal Pradesh.
• Another school of thought has assumed that the Khazar tribes are ancestors of these Gujjar tribes of Himachal Pradesh. Moreover, ‘Gujjar’, the term is a derivation of the ‘Khazar’. Interestingly, the Indo-Aryan languages are devoid of the use of the sounds ‘kh’ and ‘z’, which got converted respectively into ‘g’ and ‘j’.
• The relation of these Gujjar tribal community has also been established with other tribal communities, namely, Chechen tribes etc.
• Cultural exuberance of these Gujjar tribal communities has nicely being depicted in several of its aspects like dancing, religious rites and customs etc.
• This Gujjar tribal community has got inclination towards religion. Quite a handful of these Gujjar tribes have been converted to Hinduism and also Islam. Only few Gujjar tribal members are there who have adapted to other religions as well.
• In order to carry on conversation, these Gujjar tribal community use the beautiful language of Gujari , also called Gojri. This Gujari language belongs to the famous Rajasthani language group. In the ancient times, however, Rajasthani had been the main language spoken by all the Gujjar tribal community. In the present day, due to rapid interaction with the people of the modern community, many members of this Gujjar tribal community also have developed fluency in several other Indian languages. These are namely Punjabi, Urdu, Hindi, Pashto Language, Pahari languages namely Kangri and Dogri, Dardic languages viz. Khowar and Kashmiri and Balti.
• Following the tradition of most of the tribal communities of the Northern hilly regions of Indian Territory, this Gujjar tribal community has adapted the occupation of semi nomadic tribal community. Majority of this Gujar tribal community used to herd animals like sheep, goats and buffalo.
• The Gujjar tribes migrate from the plains to the upper ranges of the Himachal Pradesh during the summer season. However to go hand in hand with the demands of the changing situations, many of the Gujar tribes of the contemporary period have taken various other occupations.
• Patriarchal norms are prevalent. Gujjar males also are very much family oriented. It is the Gujjar tribal female who has had the duty and responsibility of fulfilling all the activities of the households.
• Festivals and fairs are also part and parcel of the life of this Gujjar tribal community. Apart from celebrating all the festivals of the national significance, these Gujjar tribes too have incorporated their religious beliefs and customs.
• Id is one of the main festivals of the Gujjar tribal society, which they fete, in great festivity and enthusiasm.

Lahaule Tribe, Himachal Pradesh

• Lahaule tribes of Himachal Pradesh are of mixed origination and are the inhabitants of Lahaul.
• Mostly this Lahaule tribal community is found in several regions like Lahaul Valley, Pattan, Chamba-Lahaul, and lower Mayar valleys.
• The term ‘Lahule’ connotes the inhabitants of Lahaul. This tribal people are said to be originated from the aboriginal Munda tribe and Tibetans.
• The language of the Lahaule tribal community is In fact there are alternative names of this language, which are popular amongst the Lahaule tribal community.
• Manchati, Manchad, Patni, Chamba, Chamba Lahuli, Lahuli, Swangla, Changsapa Boli are some of the alternative names of their language. Apart from these, there are certain dialects of this language, which are also prevalent in Lahaule tribal groups.
• Though the people of the Lahaule tribal community are basically agrarian, some of them are also engaged in trade. They export wheat, barley, ‘Kuth’ which is a herb, to Kolcuta.
• Their society is ramified in upper and lower classes namely Brahmins, Thakurs, Lohars and Dagis.
• Marriage in the same clan is allowed among the Lahaule tribal community. Just like many other tribal communities of the whole of the Indian subcontinent, this Lahaule tribal community too is oriented to religious customs and beliefs.
• Most of the people of this community are the followers of Buddhism-2/”>Buddhism and they visit their main temple of worship, Trilokinath often.
• These people prefer to wear colourful attires and ornaments which are a major part of their costumes. That the culture and the tradition of this Lahaule tribal community are quite exquisite is revealed from the fact that it has a plethora of dance forms, music, fairs and festivals.

Bhot or Bhutiya Tribal Group

• Bhotiya or Bhot are groups of ethno-linguistically related Tibetan people living in the Transhimalayan region of the SAARC countries. The word Bhotiya comes from the classical Tibetan name for Tibet, Bod.
• Languages- The Bhotiya speak numerous languages including The Indian recognition of such language is Bhoti/Bhotia having Tibetan scripts and it lies in the Parliament of India to become one of the official languages through Eighth Schedule of the Indian Constitution.
• The Bhotiya, tribe people are of Mongoloid facial features, they are native (indeginious) people belonging to Himalayan Belt.
• Weddings: Bhotiya marriages are similar to Hindu weddings. When the bride’s palanquin arrives at her husband’s house, gods are worshipped and then she is admitted to the house. Rice, silver or gold is put in the hands of bridegroom, which he passes on to the bride.
• Bhotiya Tribe, the natives of the Himalayan belt are maximum Buddhist followers along with followers of other religion. Though most of Bhotiya practice a combination of Tibetan Buddhism and Hinduism
• Economy

1. They are also traders in the Himilayas for products such as, cereal, wool and salt. Now, some are farmers and others are merchants of stones, gems and herbs.
2. The Bhotiya are experienced in the use of medicinal Plants. The local fermented beverages are jan (a local beer), and daru. A local fermented food stuff is sez. The traditional catalyzing agent used in the preparation of fermented foods and beverages is called balam in the Kumaon Division and balma in Garhwal Division.
3. A cottage wool Industry employs many Bhotiya. Women weave pattu, a coarse woolen serge. Plants are collected to make natural dyes for colouring the wool.

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Himachal Pradesh is a state in India that is home to a diverse range of cultures and languages. The state is also home to a number of scheduled tribes, which are groups of people who have been historically marginalized and discriminated against.

The scheduled tribes of Himachal Pradesh are:

• Gaddi
• Gujjar
• Kinnaur
• Lahaula-Spiti
• Lepcha
• Bhotiya
• Pangi
• Raji
• Swangla
• Jad
• Brokpa
• Dom
• Chanal
• Handoo
• Kanet
• Kolta
• Lahauli
• Maheshwari
• Mandeali
• Markha
• Mon
• Naitwar
• Pangwali
• Pattani
• Phalli
• Ranghar
• Rathi
• Siah
• Spiti
• Subba
• Thulum
• Toda
• Torwali
• Tosh
• Tsho
• Warji
• Zanskar

Each of these tribes has its own unique culture and history. The Gaddi are a pastoral people who live in the high Mountains of Himachal Pradesh. The Gujjar are a nomadic people who move their herds of sheep and goats from one grazing area to another. The Kinnauris are a mountain people who live in the Kinnaur district of Himachal Pradesh. The Lahaulis and Spitis are mountain people who live in the Lahaul and Spiti districts of Himachal Pradesh. The Lepchas are a tribal people who live in the eastern Himalayas. The Bhotiyas are a tribal people who live in the high mountains of Himachal Pradesh. The Pangis are a tribal people who live in the Pangi Valley of Himachal Pradesh. The Rajis are a tribal people who live in the Chamba district of Himachal Pradesh. The Swanglas are a tribal people who live in the Lahaul district of Himachal Pradesh. The Jads are a tribal people who live in the Chamba district of Himachal Pradesh. The Brokpas are a tribal people who live in the Ladakh region of Jammu and Kashmir. The Doms are a tribal people who live in the Chamba district of Himachal Pradesh. The Chanals are a tribal people who live in the Kangra district of Himachal Pradesh. The Handoos are a tribal people who live in the Kangra district of Himachal Pradesh. The Kanets are a tribal people who live in the Kullu district of Himachal Pradesh. The Koltas are a tribal people who live in the Kinnaur district of Himachal Pradesh. The Lahaulis are a tribal people who live in the Lahaul district of Himachal Pradesh. The Maheshwaris are a tribal people who live in the Shimla district of Himachal Pradesh. The Mandealis are a tribal people who live in the Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh. The Markhas are a tribal people who live in the Ladakh region of Jammu and Kashmir. The Mons are a tribal people who live in the Kinnaur district of Himachal Pradesh. The Naitwars are a tribal people who live in the Chamba district of Himachal Pradesh. The Pangwalis are a tribal people who live in the Pangi Valley of Himachal Pradesh. The Pattanis are a tribal people who live in the Chamba district of Himachal Pradesh. The Phallis are a tribal people who live in the Chamba district of Himachal Pradesh. The Ranghars are a tribal people who live in the Chamba district of Himachal Pradesh. The Rathis are a tribal people who live in the Chamba district of Himachal Pradesh. The Siahs are a tribal people who live in the Kinnaur district of Himachal Pradesh. The Spitis are a tribal people who live in the Spiti district of Himachal Pradesh. The Subbas are a tribal people who live in the Kinnaur district of Himachal Pradesh. The Thulums are a tribal people who live in the Kinnaur district of Himachal Pradesh. The Todas are a tribal people who live in the Kinnaur district of Himachal Pradesh. The Torwalis are a tribal people who live in the Chamba district of Himachal Pradesh. The Toshs are a tribal people who live in the Kinnaur district of Himachal Pradesh. The Tshos are a tribal people who live in the Ladakh region of Jammu and Kashmir. The Warjis are a tribal people who live in the Kutch district of Gujarat. The Zanskaris are a tribal people who live in the Ladakh region of Jammu and Kashmir.

The scheduled tribes of Himachal Pradesh have a rich and diverse culture. They have their own unique languages, customs, and traditions. The scheduled tribes of Himachal Pradesh have also made significant contributions to the state’s economy and culture.

The scheduled tribes of Himachal Pradesh face a number of challenges. They are often marginalized and discriminated against. They also face a number of economic and social challenges.

What are the different types of scheduled tribes?

The Scheduled Tribes are a group of people who are considered to be indigenous to India. They are officially recognized by the Indian government and have certain rights and privileges that are not available to other groups of people.

There are over 700 different scheduled tribes in India, each with its own unique culture and history. Some of the most well-known scheduled tribes include the Nagas, the Mizos, the Garos, and the Santhals.

What are the rights and privileges of scheduled tribes?

Scheduled tribes have a number of rights and privileges that are not available to other groups of people. These include:

• Quotas in government jobs and educational institutions
• Special scholarships and financial assistance
• Protection from discrimination and exploitation
• The right to practice their own customs and traditions

What are the challenges faced by scheduled tribes?

Scheduled tribes face a number of challenges, including:

• POVERTY
• Lack of Education
• Lack of access to healthcare
• Discrimination
• Violence

The Indian government has taken a number of steps to address the challenges faced by scheduled tribes, but there is still much work to be done.

What is the future of scheduled tribes?

The future of scheduled tribes is uncertain. There are a number of factors that could affect their future, including:

• The pace of Economic Development
• The impact of Globalization/”>Globalization-3/”>Globalization
• The policies of the Indian government

It is important to ensure that the rights and privileges of scheduled tribes are protected and that they have the opportunity to participate fully in the development of India.

What are some of the contributions of scheduled tribes to Indian Society?

Scheduled tribes have made a number of contributions to Indian society, including:

• Their rich culture and traditions
• Their unique languages and dialects
• Their knowledge of the Environment
• Their skills in agriculture and handicrafts

The contributions of scheduled tribes are an important part of the fabric of Indian society.

Here are some MCQs about the topics of Himachal Pradesh without mentioning the topic Scheduled Tribe of Himachal Pradesh:

1. Which of the following is the capital of Himachal Pradesh?
   (A) Shimla
   (B) Dharamshala
   (C) Manali
   (D) Kullu

2. Which of the following is the highest peak in Himachal Pradesh?
   (A) Nanda Devi
   (B) Kamet
   (C) Dhauladhar
   (D) Pir Panjal

3. Which of the following is the largest river in Himachal Pradesh?
   (A) Sutlej
   (B) Beas
   (C) Ravi
   (D) Chenab

4. Which of the following is the main language spoken in Himachal Pradesh?
   (A) Hindi
   (B) Punjabi
   (C) Pahari
   (D) Garhwali

5. Which of the following is the main religion in Himachal Pradesh?
   (A) Hinduism
   (B) Sikhism
   (C) Buddhism
   (D) Islam

6. Which of the following is the main crop grown in Himachal Pradesh?
   (A) Rice
   (B) Wheat
   (C) Maize
   (D) Apples

7. Which of the following is the main tourist attraction in Himachal Pradesh?
   (A) Shimla
   (B) Dharamshala
   (C) Manali
   (D) Kullu

8. Which of the following is the main industry in Himachal Pradesh?
   (A) Tourism
   (B) Agriculture
   (C) Hydroelectricity
   (D) Mining

9. Which of the following is the main export of Himachal Pradesh?
   (A) Apples
   (B) Timber
   (C) Hydroelectricity
   (D) Iron Ore

10. Which of the following is the main import of Himachal Pradesh?
    (A) Petroleum products
    (B) Machinery
    (C) Food grains
    (D) Fertilizers

11. Which of the following is the main political party in Himachal Pradesh?
    (A) Indian National Congress
    (B) Bharatiya Janata Party
    (C) Himachal Pradesh Congress Committee
    (D) Himachal Pradesh Janata Congress

12. Who is the current Chief Minister of Himachal Pradesh?
    (A) Jai Ram Thakur
    (B) Virbhadra Singh
    (C) Prem Kumar Dhumal
    (D) Shanta Kumar

13. When was Himachal Pradesh formed?
    (A) 1947
    (B) 1950
    (C) 1966
    (D) 1971

14. How many districts are there in Himachal Pradesh?
    (A) 12
    (B) 13
    (C) 14
    (D) 15

15. What is the population of Himachal Pradesh?
    (A) 6.8 million
    (B) 7.8 million
    (C) 8.8 million
    (D) 9.8 million

16. What is the literacy rate of Himachal Pradesh?
    (A) 80%
    (B) 85%
    (C) 90%
    (D) 95%

17. What is the sex ratio of Himachal Pradesh?
    (A) 970 females per 1000 males
    (B) 980 females per 1000 males
    (C) 990 females per 1000 males
    (D) 1000 females per 1000 males

18. What is the life expectancy of Himachal Pradesh?
    (A) 65 years
    (B) 70 years
    (C) 75 years
    (D) 80 years

19. What is the per capita income of Himachal Pradesh?
    (A) $1,000
    (B) $2,000
    (C) $3,000
    (D) $4,000

20. What is the Human Development index of Himachal Pradesh?
    (A) 0.650
    (B) 0.700
    (C) 0.750
    (D) 0.800