Natural hazards and other related aspects of Madhya Pradesh

Vulnerability of the State

It has been observed during the last few decades that the State of Madhya Pradesh is prone to various kinds of disasters of recurrent nature. These disasters result in loss of life and property – public and private – and disrupt economic activity, besides causing immense misery and hardship to the affected Population. It is felt that much of this is avoidable, or /and could be prevented and mitigated. A time has come to look at the disasters occurring in one or more parts of the State regularly, at more frequent intervals and to evolve a strategy for reducing their impact, and for giving assistance to the affected population. A timely and wellprepared action plan can save many lives and lots of property even at the time of sudden occurrence of a disaster, as the entire administrative machinery, and the community can be geared to the execution of a well laid out plan of action.

Disasters are of many types. The High Powered Committee (HPC) constituted by the Central Government has identified thirty-one disasters and grouped them in five categories. On the basis of available, data disasters frequently occurring in the State are as follows:

Droughts

With its vast expanse, geographical features and varying Climate conditions, different parts of the State have been perennially prone to drought conditions. Many districts of Madhya Pradesh have been facing a drought situation repeatedly every year. During 2007-08, 39 out of 50 districts (165 Tehsils and one cluster) of Madhya Pradesh have been declared as drought affected. The State has faced drought in the nine out of last ten years. Though irrigated area has increased substantially in the State, yet production in almost 70% agriculture area remains highly dependent on rainfall. Around 7 districts are highly affected from drought.

Floods

In the year 2005, 10 districts and in year 2006 about 27 districts were affected by flood. In last 26 years there are 32 districts of the State affected from the flood.

Earthquake

Madhya Pradesh is vulnerable to various natural and manmade disasters. Looking towards the vulnerability it’s very important to address all in a holistic manner for Sustainable Development. There are 28 districts that come under Zone –III, having moderate seismic risk viz. Jabalpur, Khargaone, Indore, Khandwa, Dhar, Raisen, Dewas, Sehore, Betul, Sidhi, Shadol, Damoh, Narsinghpur, Hoshangabad, Badwani, Jhabua, Umaria, Chhindwara Harda, Burhanpur, Anuppur, Sagar, Seoni, Mandla, Dindori, Katni |Singhroli and Alirajpur and 22 districts come under Zone – II of Earthquake. The first urban India’s Earthquake took place in Jabalpur on 22nd May 1997.

Hailstorms

12 Hailstorms occur rather frequently in M.P., but fortunately mostly in small pockets at a time. They happen in one or another part of M.P. almost every year. They damage the crops resulting in loss of income to the farmers. To mitigate the loss, farmers will be encouraged to rely on comprehensive crop insurance policies.

Fire

Accidental fires are common in rural areas especially during the post harvest season. In urban areas, fires are increasing phenomena in high rise buildings, and in industrial and commercial areas. Public places such as cinema halls, auditoriums, exhibition areas, pandals, schools etc. have, in recent years, witnessed serious fires resulting in huge loss of human life and property. Forest and mine fires are common in the state.

Management of hazards

Madhya Pradesh State Disaster Management (MPSDMA)

As per sub-section (1) of section 14 of Disaster Management Act 2005, the Madhya Pradesh State Disaster Management Authority (MPSDMA) was setup and notified vide no. F 35-115- 206-C-1 Dated September 5th, 2007. The Madhya Pradesh Disaster Management Authority is chaired by honorable Chief Minister of the State. The Minister of Finance, Revenue, Public Health and Family Welfare, Public Administration and development, Commerce Industry and EMPLOYMENT, PWD and Home Department are the members of the MPSDMA. The department of Home, Government of Madhya Pradesh is the nodal department of the Authority.

As stipulated in the Act, at the State level State Government has constituted the State Disaster Management Authority under the chairmanship of honorable Chief Minister of the State. Likewise State Executive Committee (SEC) of SDMA under the chairmanship of Chief Secretary of the State. At the district level District Disaster Management Authority (DDMA) under the chairmanship of District collector and co-chaired by the chairman of Zilla Parisad. There shall be a district disaster management officer who will coordinate all activities in the district and shall in charge of Emergency Operation Centers. In the State the Home Department of Government of Madhya Pradesh has been identified as nodal department for disaster management. And also Home department is responsible for servicing the State Disaster Management Authority (SDMA).

Aim & Objectives

The Authority has the mandate not only to take up the mitigation activities but also the relief, restoration, reconstruction and other measures. These activities cover the entire gamot of disaster management including preparedness activities:

Coordinate with the line departments,
Coordinate with bilateral and multi-lateral aid agencies,
Coordinate with UN Agencies, International, National and State-level NGOs,
Network with similar and relevant organizations for disaster management.

Functions of State Disaster Management Authority

SDMA will be assisted by State Executive Committee.
Lay down state disaster management policies and approve the state plan in accordance with guidelines laid down by NDMA.
Approve DM plans prepared by State departments.
Lay down guidelines for integration of measures for prevention of disasters and mitigation in the development plans and projects.
Coordinate implementation of State plan.
Lay down detailed guidelines for standards of relief.

Madhya Pradesh is a state in central India. It is the second-largest state in India by area and the fifth-most populous state. The state is bordered by Uttar Pradesh to the north, Rajasthan to the west, Gujarat to the northwest, Maharashtra to the south, Chhattisgarh to the southeast, and Odisha to the east. The state capital is Bhopal.

Madhya Pradesh is a land of diverse landscapes, ranging from the Vindhya Mountains in the north to the Narmada River in the south. The state is also home to a number of important historical and cultural sites, including the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Khajuraho.

Madhya Pradesh is a state with a rich natural heritage. The state is home to a number of important Ecosystems, including forests, grasslands, and wetlands. The state is also home to a number of endangered species, including the tiger, the leopard, and the Asiatic elephant.

However, Madhya Pradesh is also a state that is facing a number of environmental challenges. The state is home to a number of industries, including mining, manufacturing, and power generation. These industries have a significant impact on the Environment, and they are a major source of Air Pollution, Water Pollution, and Soil-pollution/”>Soil Pollution.

In addition, Madhya Pradesh is also facing a number of natural hazards, including Earthquakes, floods, droughts, landslides, forest fires, Cyclones-2/”>Cyclones, heat waves, and cold waves. These natural hazards can have a devastating impact on the state’s economy and Infrastructure-2/”>INFRASTRUCTURE.

The government of Madhya Pradesh is taking a number of steps to address the state’s environmental challenges. The government has implemented a number of policies and programs to reduce air pollution, water pollution, and soil pollution. The government is also working to improve the management of natural Resources, and to reduce the impact of natural hazards.

However, there is still a lot of work to be done. The state needs to do more to reduce pollution, to conserve Natural Resources, and to prepare for natural hazards. The government also needs to do more to educate the public about the importance of environmental protection.

Madhya Pradesh is a beautiful state with a lot to offer. However, the state is also facing a number of environmental challenges. The government of Madhya Pradesh is taking a number of steps to address these challenges, but there is still a lot of work to be done. The state needs to do more to reduce pollution, to conserve natural resources, and to prepare for natural hazards. The government also needs to do more to educate the public about the importance of environmental protection.

Here are some frequently asked questions and short answers about natural hazards and other related aspects of Madhya Pradesh:

What are the natural hazards that occur in Madhya Pradesh?

The most common natural hazards that occur in Madhya Pradesh are floods, droughts, earthquakes, and landslides.

What are the causes of these natural hazards?

The causes of these natural hazards vary, but they can be attributed to a number of factors, including Climate Change, deforestation, and human activity.

What are the effects of these natural hazards?

The effects of these natural hazards can be devastating, causing loss of life, property damage, and disruption to livelihoods.

What are the government’s efforts to mitigate the effects of these natural hazards?

The government of Madhya Pradesh has taken a number of steps to mitigate the effects of natural hazards, including building Dams and reservoirs, planting trees, and raising awareness of the risks.

What can individuals do to prepare for and respond to natural hazards?

Individuals can prepare for and respond to natural hazards by following the advice of the government and taking steps to protect themselves and their property.

What are the long-term effects of natural hazards?

The long-term effects of natural hazards can be significant, including changes in the environment, social disruption, and economic loss.

What are the lessons that can be learned from natural hazards?

The lessons that can be learned from natural hazards include the importance of preparedness, the need for cooperation between different levels of government, and the importance of investing in infrastructure.

What is the future of natural hazards in Madhya Pradesh?

The future of natural hazards in Madhya Pradesh is uncertain, but it is likely that they will continue to occur. The government and individuals need to be prepared for these hazards and take steps to mitigate their effects.

Which of the following is not a NATURAL HAZARD in Madhya Pradesh?
(A) Earthquakes
(B) Floods
(C) Droughts
(D) Tsunamis
Which of the following is the most common natural hazard in Madhya Pradesh?
(A) Earthquakes
(B) Floods
(C) Droughts
(D) Tsunamis
Which of the following is the most destructive natural hazard in Madhya Pradesh?
(A) Earthquakes
(B) Floods
(C) Droughts
(D) Tsunamis
Which of the following is the most common type of earthquake in Madhya Pradesh?
(A) Tectonic earthquakes
(B) Volcanic earthquakes
(C) Landslide earthquakes
(D) Man-made earthquakes
Which of the following is the most common type of flood in Madhya Pradesh?
(A) River floods
(B) Monsoon floods
(C) Flash floods
(D) Glacial floods
Which of the following is the most common type of drought in Madhya Pradesh?
(A) Meteorological drought
(B) Agricultural drought
(C) Hydrological drought
(D) Ecological drought
Which of the following is the most effective way to mitigate the effects of earthquakes in Madhya Pradesh?
(A) Building earthquake-resistant structures
(B) Developing early warning systems
(C) Educating the public about earthquake safety
(D) All of the above
Which of the following is the most effective way to mitigate the effects of floods in Madhya Pradesh?
(A) Building flood-control structures
(B) Developing early warning systems
(C) Educating the public about flood safety
(D) All of the above
Which of the following is the most effective way to mitigate the effects of droughts in Madhya Pradesh?
(A) Developing water conservation measures
(B) Developing drought-resistant crops
(C) Educating the public about drought safety
(D) All of the above
Which of the following is the most important thing to do in the event of a natural hazard in Madhya Pradesh?
(A) Stay calm and follow the instructions of emergency personnel
(B) Evacuate the area if necessary
(C) Take shelter in a safe place
(D) All of the above