This is State Sponsored scheme implemented for urban poor and it was introduced by the Government in the year 1991-92. The annual income of the beneficiary is Rs.32,000/-. The beneficiaries are selected by the Ashraya Committee comprising both official and non official members appointed by the Government and this committee is headed by the local MLA.
During 2010-11, the Government of Karnataka has renamed the Urban Ashraya Scheme as Vajpayee Urban Housing Scheme. From 2013- 14 the Government has fixed the unit cost of Rs.2.00 lakhs per house. In this for General Category Rs.1.20 lakhs is provided as subsidy by the State Government, Rs.30,000/- is compulsory beneficiary contribution and balance Rs. 50,000/- is the bank loan or the beneficiary contribution. For SC/ST category Rs.1,50,000/- is provided as a subsidy by the State Government, balance Rs.50,000/- is the bank loan or the beneficiary contribution. For the year 2017-18 the target has been fixed only for generally category. The unit cost per house is Rs.2.00 lakhs, in which Rs.1.20 lakhs is provided as subsidy and Rs.30,000/- is beneficiary contribution and remaining Rs.50,000/- is bank loan.
Western Ghats Development Programme
Western Ghats Development Programme is being implemented in 40 talukas of 11 districts in the State. This programme was earlier a Centrally Sponsored Scheme. But, from the year 2015-16 the Centre has not released any assistance to the programme. The State Government for the year 2017-18 has released a sum of Rs.446.00 lakhs for the programme.
Grama Swaraj Yojana
The World Bank assisted Grama SwarajProject-Karnataka Panchayath Strengthening project Rs.600 crores was implemented since 2006-07 to 2013-14. The main objective of the project is to enable people to improve their standard of living condition in 39 most backward taluks, especially providing Services as decided and prioritized by the rural people and more emphasis was given for capacity building of Panchayath Raj Institutions. Further it was decided to take up Grama Swaraj Project – Phase II at total cost of Rs.2000.00 crore with World Bank assistance. Preliminary work in this regard like, preparation of operation manual, study on social and environmental protection has been completed. Action is being taken to enter MOU with Government of India and World Bank.
Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guaranteed Scheme
MGNREGS is being implemented in all the districts of the Karnataka State since 2006-07. This is being implemented as central sponsored scheme. This is a right based and demand based programme. The core objectives of the scheme are as follows:
Providing not less than one hundred days of unskilled manual work as a guaranteed employment in a financial year to every household in rural areas as per demand, resulting in evaluation of productive assests of prescribed quality and durability.
Strengthening the livelihood resource base of the poor.
Pro actively ensuring social inclusion.
Strengthening PRIs
MGNREGS in comparison with the erstwhile employment programmes is different, as it has been emerged under the Act. It has a separate salient features which are as follows:
The MGNREGA has given rise to the largest employment programme in human history and is unlike any other wage employment programme in human history and is unlike any other wage employment programme in its scale, architecture and thrust. Its bottom-up, people-centered, demand-driven, self-selecting, rights based design is distinct and unprecedented.
The MGNREGA provides a legal guaranteed for wage employment.
It is a demand based programme where work can be given to the wage seekers on demand.
Legal provisions are made under the Act to pay Unemployment allowance and compensation allowance in case of failure to provide work on demand and delays in payment of wages for the works undertaken.
Funds will be shared between the GoI & GoK are in the ratio of 90:10 nearly. Labour material ratio shall be maintained at 60:40 labour portion of 60% is fully borne by GoI & Material portion is to be shared between GoI & GoK in ratio of 75:25.
Participatory planning exercise at each tier of the panchayath shall be conducted every year in the period specified and methodogies laid down by the State Government. All works to be executed by the GPs shall be identified and placed before the Gram Panchayaths and such works which are to be executed by TP or other implementing agencies, shall be placed before the TP or DP along with expected outcomes.
The annual allocation for 2017-18 as approved by the GoI for the labour budget of MGNREGA for Karnataka is Rs. 4169.30 crores and the person days approved for generation of employment for the current year is 1000.00 lakh person days. As at the end of November 2017 an amount of Rs. 2182.26 crores has been spent and 624.84 lakh person days generated through which 15.81 lakh households have been provided employment. During this period 13532 households have completed 100 days of employment.
Karnataka State Rural Livelihood Promotional Society (KSRLPS)
The SGSY scheme has been restructured as DAY-National Rural Livelihood Mission (DAYNRLM). Every State has to establish State Mission to implement this scheme. Accordingly KSRLPS-Sanjeevini society has been established under RD&PR department in the Empowered State. The implementation of the scheme has commenced from 2013-14 in Karnataka. The Committee of the Ministry of Rural Development has approved an Annual Action Plan (2017-18) under NRLP for Rs.15.00 crore (including special project) and under NRLM for Rs.84.00 crore. During 2014-15 20 taluks, and during 2015-16, 64 taluks were covered under the scheme with intensive approach. The remaining 92 taluks in the State are planned to be covered under intensive approach during 2016-17. Under NRLM an amount of Rs. 67.04 Crore has been released and Rs.46.01 Crores expenditure is incurred as end of October 2017. Similarly, under NRLP, Rs. 9.70 Crore has been released and incurred an expenditure of Rs.8.06 crores.
Karnataka State Life Saviour (Good Samaritan)
Training and Incentivisation Scheme The Karnataka State Unorganised Workers Social Security Board is implementing the Karnataka State Life Saviour (Good Samaritan) Training and Incentivisation Scheme from December 2016. During 2016-17, 2701 drivers registered under the Karnataka State Private Commercial Vehicle Accident Benefit Scheme had been trained in the field of First Aid and became Life Saviour. The scheme is being extended to all the 30 Districts across the State this year.
Agriculture is a key sector of the rural economy, and rural development initiatives can help to improve agricultural productivity and incomes. This can be done through a variety of means, such as providing access to improved seeds and Fertilizers, training farmers in new agricultural techniques, and helping farmers to market their products.
Education is another important area for rural development initiatives. Rural areas often have high rates of illiteracy and poverty, and education can help to break the cycle of poverty. Rural development initiatives can provide access to education for children and adults, and they can also help to improve the quality of education in rural areas.
Health is also a major concern in rural areas. Rural areas often have poor access to healthcare, and this can lead to high rates of illness and death. Rural development initiatives can help to improve access to healthcare by building clinics and hospitals, training healthcare workers, and providing subsidies for healthcare services.
Infrastructure is another important area for rural development initiatives. Rural areas often lack basic infrastructure, such as roads, bridges, and electricity. This can make it difficult for people to get around, access healthcare and education, and start businesses. Rural development initiatives can help to improve infrastructure by building roads, bridges, and electricity lines, and by providing subsidies for businesses to invest in rural areas.
Livelihoods are another important area for rural development initiatives. Rural people often rely on agriculture for their livelihoods, but agriculture is often a risky and unpredictable business. Rural development initiatives can help to improve livelihoods by providing access to credit, training farmers in new agricultural techniques, and helping farmers to market their products.
Nutrition is another important area for rural development initiatives. Rural areas often have high rates of Malnutrition, and this can lead to health problems such as stunting and wasting. Rural development initiatives can help to improve nutrition by providing access to nutritious food, educating people about nutrition, and supporting programs that promote breastfeeding.
Poverty Alleviation is another important area for rural development initiatives. Rural areas often have high rates of poverty, and rural development initiatives can help to reduce poverty by providing access to education, healthcare, and employment opportunities.
Social protection is another important area for rural development initiatives. Social protection programs can provide a safety net for people who are unable to work, such as the elderly, the disabled, and single parents. Social protection programs can help to reduce poverty and improve the quality of life for people in rural areas.
Water and sanitation is another important area for rural development initiatives. Rural areas often lack access to clean water and sanitation facilities. This can lead to health problems such as diarrhea and cholera. Rural development initiatives can help to improve access to water and sanitation by building water and sanitation facilities, and by providing education about the importance of water and sanitation.
Women’s empowerment is another important area for rural development initiatives. Women in rural areas often face discrimination and lack access to education, healthcare, and employment opportunities. Rural development initiatives can help to empower women by providing access to education, healthcare, and employment opportunities, and by supporting programs that promote women’s rights.
Youth development is another important area for rural development initiatives. Young people in rural areas often face high rates of unemployment and lack of opportunities. Rural development initiatives can help to develop the skills of young people and provide them with opportunities for employment and Entrepreneurship.
Rural development initiatives can have a positive impact on the quality of life in rural areas. They can help to improve agricultural productivity, increase incomes, improve access to education and healthcare, reduce poverty, and empower women and young people.
What is rural development?
Rural development is the process of improving the quality of life and economic well-being of people living in rural areas. It includes a wide range of activities, such as improving infrastructure, providing access to education and healthcare, and promoting Economic Development.
What are the challenges of rural development?
There are many challenges to rural development, including:
Poverty: Rural areas tend to have higher rates of poverty than urban areas.
Lack of infrastructure: Rural areas often lack access to basic infrastructure, such as roads, electricity, and water.
Lack of jobs: Rural areas often have high unemployment rates.
Out-Migration: Young people are often leaving rural areas in search of better opportunities in urban areas.
What are some successful rural development initiatives?
There are many successful rural development initiatives around the world. Some examples include:
The Grameen Bank in Bangladesh: The Grameen Bank is a microfinance institution that provides loans to poor people, especially women. It has been very successful in reducing poverty and improving the lives of its borrowers.
The Bolsa Família program in Brazil: The Bolsa Família program is a conditional cash transfer program that provides cash payments to poor families on the condition that they keep their children in school and get regular health checkups. It has been very successful in reducing poverty and improving health outcomes.
The Land Reform Program in China: The Land Reform Program in China was a program that redistributed land from landlords to peasants. It was very successful in reducing inequality and improving the lives of peasants.
What are the benefits of rural development?
There are many benefits to rural development, including:
Reduced poverty: Rural development can help to reduce poverty by providing people with access to education, healthcare, and jobs.
Improved infrastructure: Rural development can help to improve Infrastructure in Rural Areas, such as roads, electricity, and water.
Increased economic development: Rural development can help to increase economic development in rural areas by creating jobs and businesses.
Reduced out-migration: Rural development can help to reduce out-migration from rural areas by providing people with opportunities to stay in their communities.
What are the challenges of implementing rural development initiatives?
There are many challenges to implementing rural development initiatives, including:
Lack of funding: Rural development initiatives often lack funding from governments or other sources.
Lack of coordination: Rural development initiatives are often not coordinated with each other, which can lead to duplication of effort and wasted Resources.
Lack of capacity: Rural communities often lack the capacity to implement rural development initiatives.
Lack of political will: There is often a lack of political will to support rural development initiatives.
What are some ways to overcome the challenges of implementing rural development initiatives?
There are many ways to overcome the challenges of implementing rural development initiatives, including:
Building partnerships: Rural development initiatives can be more successful if they are implemented in PARTNERSHIP with governments, businesses, and other organizations.
Investing in capacity building: Rural communities can be better equipped to implement rural development initiatives if they have the necessary skills and resources.
Raising awareness: There is a need to raise awareness of the importance of rural development and the challenges that rural communities face.
Advocating for change: There is a need to advocate for change at the local, national, and international levels to support rural development.
1. Which of the following is not a goal of rural development? (A) To improve the quality of life in rural areas (B) To increase economic opportunities in rural areas (C) To reduce poverty in rural areas (D) To increase the number of people living in rural areas
2. Which of the following is not a challenge to rural development? (A) Out-migration of young people (B) Declining infrastructure (C) Aging Population (D) Lack of access to healthcare
3. Which of the following is not a type of rural development initiative? (A) Agriculture (B) Tourism (C) Manufacturing (D) Education
4. Which of the following is not a benefit of rural development? (A) Increased economic activity (B) Improved infrastructure (C) Reduced poverty (D) Increased crime
5. Which of the following is not a cost of rural development? (A) Loss of open space (B) Increased traffic (C) Increased pollution (D) Increased cost of living
6. Which of the following is not a factor that affects the success of rural development initiatives? (A) The level of government support (B) The availability of resources (C) The participation of local stakeholders (D) The weather
7. Which of the following is not a way to measure the success of rural development initiatives? (A) The number of jobs created (B) The amount of Investment attracted (C) The level of poverty reduction (D) The number of people who have moved to rural areas
8. Which of the following is not a role of the government in rural development? (A) Providing financial assistance (B) Providing technical assistance (C) Providing infrastructure (D) Providing regulation
9. Which of the following is not a role of the private sector in rural development? (A) Investing in businesses (B) Creating jobs (C) Providing goods and services (D) Providing education and training
10. Which of the following is not a role of civil society in rural development? (A) Advocating for the needs of rural communities (B) Providing social services (C) Promoting economic development (D) Providing environmental protection