Module 2: General Science

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<<–2/”>a >em>Rasfreenotes team presents  Module 2: General Science to the RAS/RTS Aspirants.

Module 2 consists of following sections:-

  1. Physics
  2. Biology
  3. Chemistry

The importance of general science can be accessed by the number of questions from the section.

You could buy module 2 in just 99 INR for promotional period.

For any doubt leave a mail @rasfreenotes@gmail.com,

Science is a way of knowing about the world around us. It is a process of gathering evidence and using that evidence to make predictions about the future. Science is based on the idea that the natural world is ordered and that we can learn about it by observing it.

The scientific method is a way of organizing our thinking about the natural world. It is a process of asking questions, gathering evidence, and forming conclusions. The scientific method is not a set of rules, but rather a way of thinking about the world.

The first step in the scientific method is to ask a question. This question can be about anything in the natural world. Once you have asked a question, you need to gather evidence to answer it. This evidence can come from many different sources, such as experiments, observations, or historical records.

Once you have gathered evidence, you need to analyze it. This means looking for patterns and trying to figure out what they mean. After you have analyzed the evidence, you can form a conclusion. This conclusion is your answer to the question you asked at the beginning.

The scientific method is a powerful tool for Learning about the world around us. It is a way of thinking that has helped us to understand many things about the natural world. However, the scientific method is not perfect. It is a human process, and humans are fallible. This means that the scientific method can sometimes lead us to incorrect conclusions.

Despite its limitations, the scientific method is the best way we have for learning about the world around us. It is a way of thinking that has helped us to make great progress in understanding the natural world.

Matter and energy are two fundamental concepts in science. Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space. Energy is the ability to do work. Matter and energy are always changing from one form to another, but the total amount of matter and energy in the universe remains constant.

Atoms are the basic units of matter. They are so small that they cannot be seen with the naked eye. Atoms are made up of three types of particles: protons, neutrons, and electrons. Protons and neutrons are found in the nucleus of the atom, and electrons orbit the nucleus.

Molecules are made up of two or more atoms. They are the basic units of most substances. Molecules can be held together by covalent Bonds, ionic bonds, or hydrogen bonds.

Chemical reactions are processes that change one or more substances into new substances. Chemical reactions are always accompanied by a change in energy. Some chemical reactions release energy, while others absorb energy.

The periodic table is a table of the Elements. The elements are arranged in the periodic table according to their atomic number, which is the number of protons in the nucleus of the atom. The elements are also arranged into groups and periods. Groups are columns in the periodic table, and periods are rows in the periodic table.

The Earth is the third planet from the Sun. It is the only planet in The Solar System that is known to support life. The Earth is made up of four main layers: the crust, the mantle, the outer core, and the inner core.

The Earth’s Atmosphere is the layer of gases that surrounds the planet. The atmosphere is made up of nitrogen, Oxygen, argon, carbon dioxide, and other gases. The atmosphere protects the Earth from harmful radiation from the Sun.

The Solar System is the system of planets and other objects that orbit the Sun. The solar system includes the Sun, eight planets, and many smaller objects, such as asteroids, comets, and meteoroids.

The universe is everything that exists, including all of space and time. The universe is made up of billions of galaxies, each of which contains billions of stars. The universe is constantly expanding.

Life on Earth is the result of billions of years of evolution. Evolution is the process by which species change over time. Evolution is driven by natural selection, which is the process by which organisms that are better adapted to their Environment are more likely to survive and reproduce.

Genetics is the study of genes and heredity. Genes are the basic units of heredity. They are located on Chromosomes, which are found in the nucleus of cells. Genes control the development of an organism and determine its physical characteristics.

Cell biology is the study of cells. Cells are the basic units of life. They are the smallest living things. Cells are made up of a variety of parts, including the nucleus, cytoplasm, and cell membrane.

Plants are multicellular organisms that are photosynthetic. Photosynthesis is the process by which plants use sunlight to produce food. Plants are essential for life on Earth. They provide us with food, oxygen, and shelter.

Animals are multicellular organisms that are heterotrophic. Heterotrophs are organisms that cannot produce their own food. They must consume other organisms to survive. Animals are found in all parts of the world. They

1. What is the difference between a hypothesis and a theory?

A hypothesis is a tentative statement about the relationship between two or more variables. A theory is a well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world, based on a body of facts that have been repeatedly confirmed through observation and experiment.

2. What are the three main branches of science?

The three main branches of science are physics, chemistry, and biology. Physics is the study of matter and energy and their interactions. Chemistry is the study of the composition, structure, and Properties of matter. Biology is the study of life and living organisms.

3. What are the seven fundamental forces of nature?

The seven fundamental forces of nature are gravity, electromagnetism, the strong nuclear force, the weak nuclear force, the strong nuclear force, the weak nuclear force, and the Gravitational Force.

4. What is the difference between a scientific law and a scientific theory?

A scientific law is a descriptive generalization about how some aspect of the natural world behaves under stated circumstances. A scientific theory is a well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world, based on a body of facts that have been repeatedly confirmed through observation and experiment.

5. What is the scientific method?

The scientific method is a process for experimentation that is used to explore observations and answer questions. Scientists use the scientific method to search for cause and effect relationships in nature. In other words, they design an experiment so that changes to one item cause something else to vary in a predictable way. Just like with any experiment, the scientific method starts with a question.

6. What are the steps of the scientific method?

The steps of the scientific method are:

  1. Ask a question.
  2. Do background research.
  3. Construct a hypothesis.
  4. test the hypothesis by conducting an experiment.
  5. Analyze the data and draw conclusions.
  6. Communicate the results.

7. What are some examples of scientific discoveries?

Some examples of scientific discoveries include the discovery of the structure of DNA, the discovery of penicillin, and the discovery of the laws of motion.

8. What are some of the ethical issues in science?

Some of the ethical issues in science include the use of animals in research, the use of human subjects in research, and the potential for scientific discoveries to be used for harmful purposes.

9. What are some of the benefits of science?

Some of the benefits of science include the development of new technologies, the improvement of our understanding of the world, and the advancement of medicine.

10. What are some of the challenges of science?

Some of the challenges of science include the cost of scientific research, the complexity of scientific problems, and the potential for scientific discoveries to be used for harmful purposes.

  1. Which of the following is not a type of matter?
    (A) Solid
    (B) Liquid
    (C) Gas
    (D) Energy

  2. Which of the following is not a property of matter?
    (A) Mass
    (B) Volume
    (C) Shape
    (D) Temperature

  3. Which of the following is not a physical change?
    (A) Melting ice
    (B) Boiling water
    (C) Rusting iron
    (D) Burning wood

  4. Which of the following is not a chemical change?
    (A) Baking a cake
    (B) Rusting iron
    (C) Dissolving salt in water
    (D) Mixing vinegar and baking soda

  5. Which of the following is not a renewable resource?
    (A) Water
    (B) Coal
    (C) Oil
    (D) Sunlight

  6. Which of the following is not a non-renewable resource?
    (A) Air
    (B) Water
    (C) Soil
    (D) Wood

  7. Which of the following is not a greenhouse gas?
    (A) Carbon dioxide
    (B) Methane
    (C) Oxygen
    (D) Water vapor

  8. Which of the following is not a way to reduce your carbon footprint?
    (A) Drive less
    (B) Recycle
    (C) Use less energy
    (D) Eat more meat

  9. Which of the following is not a type of pollution?
    (A) Air Pollution
    (B) Water Pollution
    (C) Land pollution
    (D) Noise Pollution

  10. Which of the following is not a way to protect the environment?
    (A) Recycle
    (B) Conserve water
    (C) Use less energy
    (D) Drive more

Answers:
1. (D)
2. (C)
3. (C)
4. (D)
5. (C)
6. (A)
7. (C)
8. (D)
9. (D)
10. (D)