<–2/”>a >Indian subcontinent can be divided into following Physiographic regions:-
1- The Northern Mountain Region
2- The Great Northern Plains
3- The Great Peninsular Plateau (Deccan Plateau)
4- The Coastal Plains
5- The Great Indian Desert
6- The Island Groups.
1- The Northern Mountain Region
The Great mountain region extends uninterrupted for 2500 km from Jammu and Kashmir to Arunachal Pradesh in the West. Its on an Average wider in the west(500 km) than in the east (200 km) due to greater compressive force in the east and thus highest mountain peaks of the world are located in Eastern Himalayas.
The Northern Mountain belt can further be divided into :-
(a) The Himalayan Mountain Region
(b) The Trans- Himalayan Mountain Region
(c) The Eastern or Purvanchal Hills
Physiographic Divisions of the Himalayas:-For a systematic study of the physiography and relief, the Himalayas may be divided into the following four divisions from north to south:
The Trans-Himalayas
The Greater Himalayas
The Lesser Himalayas
The Shiwaliks or the Outer Himalayas.
- The Trans-Himalayas:-about 40 km wide, contain the Tethys sediments.The rocks of this region contain fossils bearing marine sediments which are underlain by ‘Tertiary granite’.partly metamorphosed sediments and constitutes the core of the Himalayan axis. a great accumulation of debris in the valleys of defeated streams which could not maintain their southerly course across the rising barrier of the Himalayas.
- The Greater Himalayas:-rise abruptly like a wall north of the Lesser Himalayas.The Main Central Thrust separates the Greater Himalayas from the Lesser Himalayas.about 25 km wide with an average height above 5000 metres. Almost all the lofty peaks of the Himalayas lie in this zone. composed of crystalline, igneous or Metamorphic Rocks (granite, schists, and geneiss). The basal complex of the Himalayas is Archaean. At places, due to heavy thrust, older rocks are found overlying the newer rocks. almost a contiguous range. very few gaps mainly provided by the antecedent rivers. receive less rainfall as compared to the Lesser Himalayas and the Shiwaliks. Physical Weathering is pronounced. Erosion is, however less effective over the Greater Himalayas as compared to the Lesser Himalayas. Being lofty, they have very little forest area.
- The Lesser Himalayas:-about 80 km with an average height of 1300-5000 m. consists, generally, of unfossiliferous sediments or metamorphosed crystalline. main rocks are slate, limestone and quartzites. Along the southern margin of the Lesser Himalayas lies the autochthonous belt of highly compressed Upper Palaeozoic to Eocene rocks, often containing volcanic material. Examples of autochthonous belts are found between Murree and Panjal thrust in Kashmir, Giri thrusts in the Shimla region and Karol and Main Boundary Thrust (MBT) in Garhwal region. extensive erosion due to heavy rainfall, deforestation and Urbanisation.
- The Shiwaliks or Outer Himalayas/Sub-Himalayas:-extend from jammu Division of jammu and Kashmir State to Assam. In width, Shiwaliks vary from 8 km in the east to 45 km in the west with an average elevation of about1300 m above sea level. not a continuous range. broader in the west and narrows down in the east. Between the Shiwaliks and the Lesser Himalayas are longitudinal valleys called Doons/ Duns. important Duns are Dehra Dun, Potli, Kothri, Kathmandu, Chumbi and Kyarda.
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India is a country with a diverse landscape, ranging from the snow-capped Himalayas to the tropical beaches of Goa. The country’s six major physiographic regions are the Himalayas, the Indo-Gangetic Plain, the Deccan Plateau, the Western Ghats, the Eastern Ghats, and the Islands.
The Himalayas are the highest mountain range in the world, and they form a natural barrier between India and China. The Himalayas are a major source of water for India, and they are home to a variety of plant and animal life. The Indo-Gangetic Plain is a vast plain located in the north of India. It is the most densely populated region in India, and it is home to the majority of the country’s Population. The Indo-Gangetic Plain is a major agricultural region, and it is also home to a number of major cities, including Delhi, Agra, and Varanasi.
The Deccan Plateau is a large plateau located in the south of India. It is a relatively dry region, and it is home to a number of major cities, including Hyderabad, Bangalore, and Chennai. The Deccan Plateau is also home to a number of important historical sites, including the Ajanta and Ellora caves. The Western Ghats are a mountain range located in the west of India. They are a major source of water for the Deccan Plateau, and they are home to a variety of plant and animal life. The Western Ghats are also a popular tourist destination.
The Eastern Ghats are a mountain range located in the east of India. They are a major source of water for the eastern states of India, and they are home to a variety of plant and animal life. The Eastern Ghats are also a popular tourist destination. The Islands are a group of islands located off the coast of India. They are a popular tourist destination, and they are home to a variety of plant and animal life.
India’s physiographic regions have a significant impact on the country’s Climate. The Himalayas help to block cold air from the north, while the Deccan Plateau helps to trap heat. This results in a tropical climate in the south and a temperate climate in the north. The Western Ghats and the Eastern Ghats also help to moderate the climate, as they block the flow of moisture from the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal.
India’s physiographic regions also have a significant impact on the country’s agriculture. The Indo-Gangetic Plain is the most fertile region in India, and it is home to a number of major crops, including rice, wheat, and sugarcane. The Deccan Plateau is also a major agricultural region, and it is home to a number of crops, including Cotton, millet, and sorghum. The Western Ghats and the Eastern Ghats are not as fertile as the Indo-Gangetic Plain and the Deccan Plateau, but they are home to a number of important crops, including tea, coffee, and spices.
India’s physiographic regions also have a significant impact on the country’s wildlife. The Himalayas are home to a number of endangered species, including the snow leopard and the red panda. The Indo-Gangetic Plain is home to a number of species, including the tiger, the elephant, and the rhinoceros. The Deccan Plateau is home to a number of species, including the lion, the leopard, and the cheetah. The Western Ghats and the Eastern Ghats are home to a number of species, including the monkey, the elephant, and the tiger.
India’s physiographic regions are a vital part of the country’s landscape. They play a significant role in the country’s climate, agriculture, and wildlife.
India can be divided into seven major physiographic regions: the Himalayas, the Northern Plains, the Indo-Gangetic Plain, the Deccan Plateau, the Western Ghats, the Eastern Ghats, and the Coastal Plains.
The Himalayas are the highest mountain range in the world, and they form a natural barrier between India and China. The Northern Plains are a vast, fertile plain that is home to most of India’s population. The Indo-Gangetic Plain is a river valley that is home to the Ganges River, one of the most important rivers in India. The Deccan Plateau is a large, elevated plateau that covers much of central and southern India. The Western Ghats are a mountain range that runs along the western coast of India. The Eastern Ghats are a mountain range that runs along the eastern coast of India. The Coastal Plains are a narrow strip of land that runs along the coast of India.
The Himalayas are a mountain range that runs along the northern border of India. They are the highest mountain range in the world, and they form a natural barrier between India and China. The Himalayas are home to many Glaciers and snow-capped peaks, and they are a popular destination for mountaineering and trekking.
The Northern Plains are a vast, fertile plain that is home to most of India’s population. The Northern Plains are formed by the Indus River and the Ganges River, and they are one of the most important agricultural regions in India. The Northern Plains are also home to many major cities, including Delhi, Agra, and Lucknow.
The Indo-Gangetic Plain is a river valley that is home to the Ganges River, one of the most important rivers in India. The Ganges River is a sacred river for Hindus, and it is a major source of water for Irrigation and drinking water. The Indo-Gangetic Plain is also home to many major cities, including Delhi, Agra, and Lucknow.
The Deccan Plateau is a large, elevated plateau that covers much of central and southern India. The Deccan Plateau is home to many different types of vegetation, including forests, grasslands, and deserts. The Deccan Plateau is also home to many major cities, including Hyderabad, Bangalore, and Chennai.
The Western Ghats are a mountain range that runs along the western coast of India. The Western Ghats are a popular destination for trekking and wildlife watching. The Western Ghats are also home to many important forests, which are a source of water and Biodiversity-2/”>Biodiversity.
The Eastern Ghats are a mountain range that runs along the eastern coast of India. The Eastern Ghats are a popular destination for trekking and wildlife watching. The Eastern Ghats are also home to many important forests, which are a source of water and biodiversity.
The Coastal Plains are a narrow strip of land that runs along the coast of India. The Coastal Plains are home to many different types of vegetation, including forests, grasslands, and MANGROVES. The Coastal Plains are also home to many major cities, including Mumbai, Chennai, and Kolkata.
Question 1
Which of the following is not a major physiographic region of India?
(A) The Himalayas
(B) The Indo-Gangetic Plain
(C) The Deccan Plateau
(D) The Western Ghats
(E) The Eastern Ghats
Answer
(E) The Eastern Ghats are a mountain range that runs along the eastern coast of India. They are not one of the major physiographic regions of India.
Question 2
The Himalayas are the highest mountain range in the world. They are located in the northern part of India. Which of the following is not a characteristic of the Himalayas?
(A) They are a young mountain range.
(B) They are a fold mountain range.
(C) They are a volcanic mountain range.
(D) They are a block mountain range.
(E) They are a fault-block mountain range.
Answer
(C) The Himalayas are not a volcanic mountain range. They are a fold mountain range, which means that they were formed when two tectonic plates collided.
Question 3
The Indo-Gangetic Plain is a large, flat plain that covers most of northern India. It is one of the most densely populated regions in the world. Which of the following is not a characteristic of the Indo-Gangetic Plain?
(A) It is a fertile region.
(B) It is a hot and humid region.
(C) It is a dry and arid region.
(D) It is a region of monsoonal climate.
(E) It is a region of tropical climate.
Answer
(C) The Indo-Gangetic Plain is a fertile region, not a dry and arid region. It is a region of monsoonal climate, which means that it receives most of its rainfall during the summer monsoon season.
Question 4
The Deccan Plateau is a large, plateau that covers most of central and southern India. It is a relatively dry region. Which of the following is not a characteristic of the Deccan Plateau?
(A) It is a plateau.
(B) It is a hilly region.
(C) It is a mountainous region.
(D) It is a flat region.
(E) It is a region of tropical climate.
Answer
(C) The Deccan Plateau is a plateau, not a mountainous region. It is a relatively dry region with a tropical climate.
Question 5
The Western Ghats are a mountain range that runs along the western coast of India. They are a popular tourist destination. Which of the following is not a characteristic of the Western Ghats?
(A) They are a mountain range.
(B) They are a hilly region.
(C) They are a plateau.
(D) They are a flat region.
(E) They are a region of tropical climate.
Answer
(C) The Western Ghats are a mountain range, not a plateau. They are a popular tourist destination due to their scenic beauty and their many waterfalls.