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Rehabilitation of human settlements is one of the important environmental impacts which always attracts controversy while planning major projects. Discuss the measures suggested from mitigation of this impact while proposing major developmental projects.

Points to Remember: Keywords: Rehabilitation of human settlements, environmental impact, mitigation measures, major developmental projects, controversy. Approach: Primarily analytical, with elements of factual reporting and policy recommendation. Introduction: Rehabilitation of human settlements displaced by major developmental projects is a critical environmental and social issue. Large-scale projects like dams, mines, highways, and industrial complexes often necessitate … Read more

Define the concept of carrying capacity of an ecosystem as relevant to an environment. Explain how understanding this concept is vital while planning for sustainable development of a region.

Points to Remember: Carrying capacity is the maximum population size of a species that an environment can sustain indefinitely, given the food, habitat, water, and other necessities available in the environment. Exceeding carrying capacity leads to environmental degradation and resource depletion. Understanding carrying capacity is crucial for sustainable development planning to prevent ecological collapse and … Read more

What are the impediments in disposing the huge quantities of discarded solid wastes which are continuously being generated? How do we remove safely the toxic wastes that have been accumulating in our habitable environment?

Points to Remember: Magnitude of the problem: The sheer volume of solid waste generated globally is overwhelming existing infrastructure and disposal methods. Types of waste: Solid waste includes biodegradable, recyclable, and hazardous materials, each requiring different handling techniques. Environmental impact: Improper disposal leads to soil, water, and air pollution, impacting human health and ecosystems. Economic … Read more

What is wetland? Explain the Ramsar concept of âwise useâ in the context of wetland conservation. Cite two examples of Ramsar sites from India.

Points to Remember: Definition of wetlands and their ecological importance. The Ramsar Convention and its “wise use” concept. Application of “wise use” in wetland conservation. Examples of Ramsar sites in India. Introduction: Wetlands are areas where water covers the soil, or is present either at or near the surface of the soil all year or … Read more

Coastal sand mining, whether legal or illegal, poses one of the biggest threats to our environment. Analyze the impact of sand mining along the Indians coasts, citing specific examples.

Points to Remember: Environmental degradation caused by coastal sand mining. Socio-economic impacts of sand mining. Legal and regulatory frameworks concerning sand mining in India. Sustainable alternatives to sand mining. Case studies illustrating the negative impacts of sand mining in India. Introduction: Coastal sand mining, the extraction of sand from coastal areas, is a significant environmental … Read more

Explain the purpose of the Green Grid Initiative launched at World Leaders Summit of the COP26UN Climate Change Conference in Glasgow in November,2021. When was this idea first floated inthe International Solar Alliance (ISA)?

Points to Remember: Green Grid Initiative â One Sun, One World, One Grid (GGI-OSOWOG) aims to establish a global interconnected renewable energy grid. The initiative was launched at COP26. The ISA first floated the idea prior to COP26. The initiative aims to enhance energy access, affordability, and sustainability. Challenges include technological hurdles, political will, and … Read more

What are the salient features of the Jal Shakti Abhiyan launched by the Government of India for water conservation and water security?

Points to Remember: Objective: Water conservation and water security in India. Approach: Factual and analytical, drawing upon government initiatives and reports. Key Features: Focus on water-stressed districts, community participation, technological interventions, and monitoring mechanisms. Introduction: India faces significant water challenges, including depleting groundwater levels, erratic rainfall, and increasing water scarcity. The Jal Shakti Abhiyan (JSA), … Read more

How does the draft Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) Notification, 2020 differ from the existing EIA Notification, 2006?

Points to Remember: Key differences between the Draft EIA Notification, 2020 and the EIA Notification, 2006 lie in the scope of projects requiring EIA, public consultation, and the powers granted to the authorities. The 2020 draft aimed for streamlined processes but faced criticism for potentially weakening environmental safeguards. The 2006 notification, while having its limitations, … Read more

What are the key features of the National Clean Air Programme (NCAP) initiated by the Government of India?

Points to Remember: National Clean Air Programme (NCAP): A national-level initiative to combat air pollution. Key Features: Focus on identified non-attainment cities, action plans, monitoring, and capacity building. Targets: Significant reduction in particulate matter (PM) levels by 2024. Implementation: Collaborative effort between central and state governments. Challenges: Implementation complexities, resource constraints, and monitoring effectiveness. Introduction: … Read more

Describe the major outcomes of the 26th session of the Conference of Parties (COP) to the United Nations Framework Convention on climate change (UNFCCC). What are the commitments made by India in this conference?

Points to Remember: COP26 outcomes: Focus on key agreements, including the Glasgow Climate Pact, and their strengths and weaknesses. India’s commitments: Detail specific pledges made by India regarding emissions reduction, renewable energy, and financial assistance. Global perspective: Consider the overall impact of COP26 and India’s role within the larger context of global climate action. Introduction: … Read more