UPSC CAPF Archives

41. The statement ‘Everyone has a father, but not every father has a son’

The statement ‘Everyone has a father, but not every father has a son’ implies that

every father has at least one son

not every parent is a male

some parents have daughters

no father has just one son

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Answer is Wrong!

This question was previously asked in

UPSC CAPF – 2011

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The statement ‘Everyone has a father, but not every father has a son’ implies that some parents have daughters.

The second part of the statement, “not every father has a son,” means that there exists at least one father who does not have a son. Since being a father implies having children, a father who does not have a son must have at least one daughter (they could have only daughters or daughters and no sons). Fathers are parents. Therefore, there exists at least one parent (a father) who has a daughter (or daughters).

Option A is directly contradicted by the second part of the premise. Option B is true in reality (mothers are parents and are female), but it is not implied by the statements given, which are focused on fathers and their children. Option D is not implied; the statement only tells us about fathers who *don’t* have sons, not those who do. A father could have just one son, and the premise would still hold true if there was at least one *other* father who had only daughters.

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42. Ms. X goes to work by NH-2. She has a meeting at 9-30 AM on a day and

Ms. X goes to work by NH-2. She has a meeting at 9-30 AM on a day and missing it may mean missing out a big opportunity for her. On that day all day long NH-2 will be closed for repair.
From the above statements, which one among the options given below follows ?

Ms. X will not be able to go to work on the day

Ms. X will not be able to reschedule the meeting to another day or another time

She surely will lose a big opportunity for her

None of the above

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Answer is Wrong!

This question was previously asked in

UPSC CAPF – 2011

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From the statements, it follows that Ms. X will not be able to go to work on the day using her usual route. Given the time-sensitive nature of the meeting, the most direct implication is that she will be unable to reach work in time or as planned.

The statements establish that NH-2 is Ms. X’s route to work and it will be closed all day on the day of her important meeting. This directly prevents her from using her normal means of commuting to work on that day. While alternative possibilities exist in the real world (another route, remote work, rescheduling), the question asks what *follows* from the given statements, implying the most direct logical consequence based solely on the provided information. The closure of her stated route directly impacts her ability to reach her workplace for the meeting.

Option B makes an assumption about rescheduling ability, which is not mentioned. Option C claims she *surely* will lose the opportunity, but the statements say missing the meeting *may* mean missing the opportunity, and it’s not certain she will miss the meeting (alternative commute routes, remote work, etc. are not ruled out, though Option A is the strongest inference based *only* on the provided facts about her route and the closure). Option A, interpreted as being unable to go to work *via NH-2*, which is her stated method, is the most direct and certain consequence among the choices provided within the scope of the problem’s premise.

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43. ‘Hydraulic brakes’ and ‘Hydraulic lift’ are devices in which fluids ar

‘Hydraulic brakes’ and ‘Hydraulic lift’ are devices in which fluids are used for transmitting

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force

momentum

pressure

power

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Answer is Wrong!

This question was previously asked in

UPSC CAPF – 2011

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‘Hydraulic brakes’ and ‘Hydraulic lift’ are devices in which fluids are used for transmitting pressure.

These devices operate based on Pascal’s Principle, which states that pressure applied to an enclosed fluid is transmitted undiminished to every portion of the fluid and the walls of the containing vessel. In hydraulic systems, a small force applied to a small area (piston) creates pressure in the fluid (Pressure = Force/Area). This pressure is transmitted through the fluid to a larger area (piston), resulting in a larger force output (Force = Pressure * Area). The fluid acts as the medium to transmit this pressure.

While force is transmitted and amplified in hydraulic systems, the fundamental principle at play, enabling the transmission and multiplication of force, is the uniform transmission of pressure throughout the fluid. Work done (Force x Distance) is ideally the same at both input and output ends, neglecting energy losses, but the force and distance are traded off (small input force over large distance results in large output force over small distance).

44. The acceleration due to gravity on the surface of the Earth is maximum

The acceleration due to gravity on the surface of the Earth is maximum and it

increases as we go up

decreases as we go up or down

increases as we go down

neither increases nor decreases as we go up or down

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Answer is Wrong!

This question was previously asked in

UPSC CAPF – 2011

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The acceleration due to gravity on the surface of the Earth is maximum, and it decreases as we go up or down.

The acceleration due to gravity (g) at a distance r from the center of the Earth (mass M) is given by g = GM/r². On the surface, r is the Earth’s radius (R), so g_surface = GM/R². As we go up, r increases (r = R + altitude), so g decreases according to the inverse square law. As we go down into the Earth, the mass (M) pulling us decreases (only the mass within the sphere of radius r contributes to the gravitational force at radius r, assuming uniform density for simplicity, though density varies in reality), while the distance from the center (r) decreases. The effect of decreasing mass outweighs the effect of decreasing distance, causing gravity to decrease linearly towards the center (g = GM_r/r², where M_r is the mass within radius r). Gravity is zero at the Earth’s center.

Therefore, gravity is maximum at the surface and decreases both above and below the surface. Minor variations exist due to altitude, latitude (Earth’s bulge), and local geological variations, but the general trend is decrease away from the surface.

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45. An elderly person while trying to read a book at about 25 cm from the

An elderly person while trying to read a book at about 25 cm from the eyes finds the image appears blurred because of the decreasing effectiveness of the ciliary muscles and the loss of flexibility of the lens. This defect of the eyes is called

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myopia

astigmatism

hypermetropia

presbyopia

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Answer is Wrong!

This question was previously asked in

UPSC CAPF – 2011

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The described eye defect is called presbyopia.

Presbyopia is a common age-related condition that reduces the eye’s ability to focus on close objects. It occurs because the lens of the eye hardens and loses flexibility, and the muscles surrounding the lens become less effective at changing the lens’s shape for focusing on near vision (a process called accommodation). This results in blurred vision when reading or doing other close-up tasks.

Myopia (nearsightedness) is difficulty seeing distant objects clearly. Astigmatism is a refractive error causing blurred vision at all distances due to an irregularly shaped cornea or lens. Hypermetropia (farsightedness) is difficulty seeing near objects clearly, often due to the eyeball being too short or the cornea being too flat, but presbyopia is specifically the age-related loss of accommodation.

46. Transformers are used in between the electric power stations and homes

Transformers are used in between the electric power stations and homes or factories in order to

minimize the power loss in transmission cables

minimize the voltage drop in transmission cables

minimize the current drop in the transmission cables

provide constant voltage at the user end

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Answer is Wrong!

This question was previously asked in

UPSC CAPF – 2011

Download PDF Attempt Online

Transformers are used in between the electric power stations and homes or factories in order to minimize the power loss in transmission cables.

Electric power is transmitted over long distances through cables. These cables have resistance, and power is lost as heat according to the formula P_loss = I² * R, where I is the current and R is the resistance of the cable. To minimize this power loss for a given amount of power being transmitted (P = V * I), the voltage (V) is stepped up to a very high level by transformers at the power station. This high voltage means the current (I) required to transmit the same power is much lower (I = P/V). A lower current significantly reduces the power loss (I²R) in the transmission lines. At the receiving end, transformers step the voltage back down for safe use in homes and factories.

While stepping up voltage does also reduce voltage drop (V_drop = I*R), the primary purpose of high-voltage transmission is the dramatic reduction in power loss, making long-distance transmission economically feasible. Transformers are essential for changing voltage levels efficiently in AC circuits.

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47. At the time of short-circuit the current in the circuit,

At the time of short-circuit the current in the circuit,

reduces substantially

does not change

increases heavily

varies continuously

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Answer is Wrong!

This question was previously asked in

UPSC CAPF – 2011

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At the time of short-circuit, the current in the circuit increases heavily.

A short circuit occurs when a low-resistance path is established between points in a circuit that are normally at different electrical potentials. According to Ohm’s Law (V = IR, or I = V/R), if the resistance (R) in a circuit decreases significantly while the voltage (V) remains relatively constant, the current (I) must increase dramatically.

This heavy increase in current during a short circuit can cause overheating, damage to wiring and components, and is a common cause of electrical fires. Protective devices like fuses and circuit breakers are designed to detect this surge in current and interrupt the circuit to prevent damage.

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48. The Naxalites have attacked a town in Dantewada district of Chhattisga

The Naxalites have attacked a town in Dantewada district of Chhattisgarh killing 12 security personnel. When the paramilitary forces responded by giving chase to the Naxalites, they retreated to a village and are now taking shelter in the village huts by making the tribals there human shields against the paramilitary forces. Which amongst the following is the best response by the paramilitary forces in this situation?

The paramilitary forces should open fire on the village as it is hiding the Naxalites

The paramilitary forces should surround the village and negotiate, offer a surrender policy peacefully to avoid civilian casualties by offering a surrender policy

The paramilitary forces should utilize air power to target the Naxalites from the air

The paramilitary forces should surround the village and then send in ‘special police officers’ to attack the Naxalites

Answer is Right!

Answer is Wrong!

This question was previously asked in

UPSC CAPF – 2011

Download PDF Attempt Online

Option B is the best response. The situation involves Naxalites using civilians as human shields, creating a complex ethical and tactical challenge. The priority must be to minimize civilian casualties while addressing the threat posed by the Naxalites.

Surrounding the village isolates the Naxalites. Negotiating and offering a peaceful surrender policy provides an avenue for the Naxalites to give up without forcing the paramilitary forces to engage in a way that would endanger the trapped villagers. This approach attempts to resolve the situation with the least possible harm to innocent civilians.

Options A and C, involving opening fire or using air power directly on the village, would inevitably lead to a high number of civilian deaths, which is unacceptable in counter-insurgency operations focused on winning hearts and minds and protecting the populace. Option D, sending in forces to attack, might still result in significant collateral damage given the use of human shields. The principle of minimum force and protection of civilians is paramount in such scenarios, making negotiation and a surrender offer the most appropriate initial response.

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49. Which one among the following is not an institution of Indian Money

Which one among the following is not an institution of Indian Money Market?

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Reserve Bank of India

Bill Brokers

Merchant Bankers

Non-Banking Financial Intermediaries

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Answer is Wrong!

This question was previously asked in

UPSC CAPF – 2011

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The money market deals with short-term funds. The Reserve Bank of India is the central bank and a crucial regulator and participant in the money market. Bill Brokers are specialized intermediaries in the bill market, a segment of the money market. Non-Banking Financial Intermediaries (NBFI), like NBFCs, Mutual Funds, etc., are significant participants in the money market, involved in short-term lending, borrowing, and dealing in money market instruments. Merchant Bankers, while involved in financial services, are primarily associated with the capital market, handling issues of securities (shares, bonds), underwriting, corporate advisory services (M&A), etc., which relate more to long-term finance. While they might interact with money market instruments or raise short-term funds, their core function is rooted in the capital market.

– The Money Market is for short-term funds; the Capital Market is for long-term funds.
– RBI, Bill Brokers, and many NBFIs are direct institutions/participants in the Money Market.
– Merchant Bankers are primarily involved in Capital Market activities like issuing securities and corporate finance.

Institutions can operate in both money and capital markets, but their primary focus often distinguishes them. Merchant bankers’ main business lines typically lie in areas like public issue management, project appraisal, corporate restructuring, and portfolio management, which are characteristic of capital market functions.

50. Which of the following statements regarding Regional Rural Banks (RRB)

Which of the following statements regarding Regional Rural Banks (RRB) in India is/are correct ?

The basic aim of setting up the RRBs is to develop rural economy.
The area of RRBs is limited to a specific region comprising one or more districts.
RRBs are sponsored by Commercial Banks.

Select the correct answer using the code given below :

1 only

1 and 2 only

2 and 3 only

1, 2 and 3

Answer is Right!

Answer is Wrong!

This question was previously asked in

UPSC CAPF – 2011

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All three statements are correct regarding Regional Rural Banks (RRBs) in India. RRBs were established with the primary objective of providing credit and other banking facilities to small and marginal farmers, agricultural labourers, artisans, and small entrepreneurs in rural areas to facilitate the development of the rural economy. The operations of each RRB are confined to a specific geographical area, usually comprising one or more districts within a state. Every RRB is sponsored by a Scheduled Commercial Bank, which provides financial and managerial assistance. The ownership structure is Central Government (50%), State Government (15%), and Sponsor Bank (35%).

– RRBs were set up to cater to the credit and banking needs of the rural population.
– Their operational area is restricted to a defined region (districts).
– RRBs are sponsored by Commercial Banks.

RRBs were established based on the recommendations of the Narasimham Working Group (1975). They combine the local feel and familiarity of cooperative banks with the professional management and resource base of commercial banks.

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