UPSC CAPF Archives

41. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the code

Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the code given below the Lists :

List I (Climate Conference)	List II (Country)
A. COP-26	1. Egypt
B. COP-27	2. Azerbaijan
C. COP-28	3. United Kingdom
D. COP-29	4. UAE

Code :

3 4 1 2

2 1 4 3

2 4 1 3

3 1 4 2

Answer is Right!

Answer is Wrong!

This question was previously asked in

UPSC CAPF – 2024

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The correct option is D (3 1 4 2).

The Conference of the Parties (COP) is the supreme decision-making body of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). The COPs are numbered sequentially and hosted by different countries.
A. COP-26 was held in Glasgow, United Kingdom, in 2021. This matches with List II – 3.
B. COP-27 was held in Sharm El Sheikh, Egypt, in 2022. This matches with List II – 1.
C. COP-28 was held in Dubai, United Arab Emirates (UAE), in 2023. This matches with List II – 4.
D. COP-29 is scheduled to be held in Baku, Azerbaijan, in 2024. This matches with List II – 2.

The matching is A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2. Looking at the code options:
A) 3 4 1 2 (A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2) – Incorrect.
B) 2 1 4 3 (A-2, B-1, C-4, D-3) – Incorrect.
C) 2 4 1 3 (A-2, B-4, C-1, D-3) – Incorrect.
D) 3 1 4 2 (A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2) – Correct.

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42. Which one among the following statements with regard to India’s mariti

Which one among the following statements with regard to India’s maritime initiative, SAGAR, is correct ?

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It is a platform for conducting joint naval exercises under QUAD

It aimed at promoting maritime cooperation with countries of the Indian Ocean Region

It is an alliance of India, USA and Japan to provide safety to merchant ships passing through the Indian Ocean Region

It is the name given to India's participation in the Contact Group on Piracy set up by the UN Security Council

Answer is Right!

Answer is Wrong!

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UPSC CAPF – 2024

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The correct option is B.

SAGAR is an acronym for “Security and Growth for All in the Region”. It was introduced by Prime Minister Narendra Modi in 2015. It is India’s strategic vision for the Indian Ocean Region (IOR). The core objectives of SAGAR are enhancing maritime security, promoting economic cooperation, building capacity and providing disaster relief in the IOR. It emphasizes strengthening relations with coastal states of the IOR and fostering a secure and stable maritime environment.
Option A is incorrect because SAGAR is a broad policy framework for the entire IOR, not just a platform for QUAD exercises. QUAD (Quadrilateral Security Dialogue) is a separate grouping involving India, the US, Japan, and Australia.
Option B accurately describes the primary aim of SAGAR: promoting maritime cooperation with countries of the Indian Ocean Region.
Option C is incorrect. While SAGAR involves security aspects, it is not an alliance specifically of India, USA, and Japan for merchant ship safety; it’s a broader, more inclusive policy for the region.
Option D is incorrect. SAGAR is a comprehensive regional approach, not limited to India’s participation in the UN Contact Group on Piracy.

SAGAR underscores India’s commitment to peace, security, and prosperity in the Indian Ocean Region. It involves various facets, including naval cooperation, information sharing, infrastructure development in partner countries, and providing humanitarian assistance and disaster relief. It reflects India’s growing strategic importance and its role as a net security provider in the IOR.

43. Consider the following statements about the emblem of the Milano Corti

Consider the following statements about the emblem of the Milano Cortina 2026 Winter Olympic and Paralympic Games :

1. The name of the emblem is ‘Futura’
2. The emblem of the Games was decided by a popular vote for the first time in the history of the Olympic

Which of the above statements is/are correct ?

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1 only

2 only

Both 1 and 2

Neither 1 nor 2

Answer is Right!

Answer is Wrong!

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UPSC CAPF – 2024

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The correct option is C, Both 1 and 2.

Statement 1 says the name of the emblem is ‘Futura’. This is correct. The official emblem for the Milano Cortina 2026 Winter Olympic and Paralympic Games is called ‘Futura’.
Statement 2 says the emblem was decided by a popular vote for the first time in the history of the Olympic Games. This is also correct. The organizers conducted an online public vote between two proposed emblems, ‘Dado’ and ‘Futura’, allowing the public to choose the final design. This method of selecting the emblem was indeed a first for the Olympic Games.
Since both statements are factually correct, option C is the right answer.

The Milano Cortina 2026 Winter Games will be held in Milan and Cortina d’Ampezzo, Italy. The ‘Futura’ emblem features a stylized number ’26’ formed by a single line, conveying the idea of sustainability, future, and dynamism. The public vote received millions of responses from around the world, highlighting the inclusive nature of the selection process.

44. Who, among the following Presidents of India, sent back the Post Offic

Who, among the following Presidents of India, sent back the Post Office (Amendment) Bill, 1986 for the reconsideration of the Parliament ?

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R. Venkataraman

Shankar Dayal Sharma

Giani Zail Singh

K. R. Narayanan

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Answer is Wrong!

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UPSC CAPF – 2024

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The correct option is D, K. R. Narayanan.

The Post Office (Amendment) Bill, 1986, was passed by Parliament during the tenure of Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi. The President at that time was Giani Zail Singh. President Giani Zail Singh famously did not give his assent to the bill nor did he return it for reconsideration. Instead, he kept it pending, effectively using a pocket veto. The bill eventually lapsed.
The question asks which President “sent back” the bill for reconsideration. Giani Zail Singh did not send it back.
Among the Presidents listed, K. R. Narayanan (President from 1997 to 2002) is well-known for actively exercising the power to return bills for reconsideration under Article 111 of the Constitution. Notably, he sent back the recommendations of the Union Cabinet regarding the imposition of President’s Rule under Article 356 for Uttar Pradesh (1997) and Bihar (1998), and also returned the Constitution (Eighty-fourth Amendment) Bill, 2000 (regarding delimitation).
While K. R. Narayanan did not interact with the 1986 Post Office Bill (as it lapsed before his presidency), the question asks *who* among the options “sent back” bills for reconsideration, linking it to the context of a significant controversial bill. Given that Giani Zail Singh did *not* send the 1986 bill back, and K. R. Narayanan is the prominent President among the options known for using the “send back” power, option D is the most likely intended answer, despite the potential inaccuracy in associating K. R. Narayanan directly with the 1986 bill. The question likely tests the knowledge of which President significantly used the power to return bills.

Article 111 of the Constitution allows the President to either give assent to a bill, withhold assent, or return the bill (if it is not a Money Bill) to the Houses for reconsideration. If the Houses pass the bill again, with or without amendments, the President must give assent. The pocket veto is a term for the President’s inaction on a bill, neither assenting nor returning it, allowing it to lapse if the Parliament session ends. Giani Zail Singh’s use of the pocket veto on the 1986 Post Office Bill remains a notable instance of presidential power exercise in India. K. R. Narayanan’s actions in sending back recommendations and bills marked a more assertive role for the presidency compared to some of his predecessors.

45. Which of the following sectors have been identified as ‘critical ‘sect

Which of the following sectors have been identified as ‘critical ‘sectors’ by the National Critical Information Infrastructure Protection Centre ?

1. Power and Energy
2. Industry
3. Banking and Financial services
4. Irrigation
5. Education

Select the answer using the code given below :

1 only

1 and 2 only

2 and 3 only

1, 2 and 3

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Answer is Wrong!

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UPSC CAPF – 2024

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The correct option is D (1, 2 and 3).

The National Critical Information Infrastructure Protection Centre (NCIIPC) is mandated to protect the Critical Information Infrastructure (CII) in India. NCIIPC has identified certain sectors as critical. These sectors include Energy, Transport, Telecom, Government, Strategic & Public Enterprises, and Banking & Financial Services.
Statement 1 (Power and Energy) is covered under the ‘Energy’ sector, which is a critical sector.
Statement 3 (Banking and Financial services) is explicitly listed as a critical sector.
Statement 2 (Industry) is not listed as a standalone primary critical information infrastructure sector by NCIIPC in their current official list. However, ‘Strategic & Public Enterprises’ is listed, which often includes key industries vital for the economy or national security. Also, broader definitions of critical infrastructure often include manufacturing/industry, particularly strategic industries or those related to other critical sectors. Given the options provided, and the confirmed inclusion of 1 and 3, option D (1, 2 and 3) is the most plausible answer, suggesting that ‘Industry’ in some form is also considered critical in the context of this question, perhaps under the ‘Strategic & Public Enterprises’ umbrella or a broader understanding of critical sectors relevant to NCIIPC’s protective mandate.
Statements 4 (Irrigation) and 5 (Education) are generally not considered critical infrastructure sectors by NCIIPC in the same category as the others, although important services.

NCIIPC works under the National Technical Research Organisation (NTRO). Its primary role is to protect the nation’s CII from cyber threats. The identification of critical sectors is crucial for prioritizing protective measures and coordinating responses to cyber incidents that could have a devastating impact on national security, economy, and public safety. While NCIIPC’s official list has 6 primary sectors, the term ‘Industry’ might be used in a broader sense in this question, potentially encompassing strategic manufacturing or industrial control systems that are integral to other critical sectors.

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46. Which of the following statements about the economy of Assam in the me

Which of the following statements about the economy of Assam in the medieval period is/are correct ?

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1. Ahoms cast excellent matchlocks and made first rate gunpowder and artillery pieces
2. Assam adopted new crafts of brass-casting and making granu-lated sugar during this period
3. Sarthebari village (in Kamrup) was known for its skill in metal casting

Select the answer using the code given below:

3, 4 and 5

1 and 3 only

1, 2 and 4

1, 3 and 4

Answer is Right!

Answer is Wrong!

This question was previously asked in

UPSC CAPF – 2024

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Let’s evaluate the statements about the economy of Assam in the medieval period (primarily the Ahom kingdom):
1. Ahoms cast excellent matchlocks and made first rate gunpowder and artillery pieces: This is correct. The Ahom kingdom had significant indigenous capabilities in metallurgy and military technology. They were known to manufacture firearms, including matchlocks and cannons, and produce gunpowder locally. Historical accounts, including Mughal observations, mention their proficiency in these areas, which contributed to their military success in defending their territory.
2. Assam adopted new crafts of brass-casting and making granulated sugar during this period: This statement is likely incorrect or misleading. Brass casting was an ancient craft in Assam (e.g., Sarthebari tradition). While crafts evolve, it wasn’t necessarily a *new adoption* during the Ahom period. Granulated sugar production on a large scale using methods similar to those developed elsewhere (e.g., crystallization) was not a defining feature or a “new craft adopted” widely in medieval Assam; traditional sweeteners like jaggery were more common.
3. Sarthebari village (in Kamrup) was known for its skill in metal casting: This is correct. Sarthebari, located in the Kamrup district, has a long-standing and famous tradition of brass and bell metal craft (*Kah Shilpa*). Artisans from Sarthebari were renowned for their skill in casting utensils and other items from these metals throughout the medieval period and continue to be known for it today.
Based on the analysis, statements 1 and 3 are correct, while statement 2 is likely incorrect. The options refer to subsets of statements 1, 2, and 3.

The medieval Ahom kingdom had notable strengths in indigenous military technology and traditional crafts like metal casting, while the introduction of certain ‘new crafts’ like granulated sugar production during this specific period is questionable.

The Ahom economy was primarily agrarian, but also involved significant mining (iron, copper), metalwork, weaving (particularly silk), and forest products. The state controlled many aspects of production and labor through the *Paik* system.

47. Which naval forts were erected by Shivaji ? 1. Suvarnadurg 2. Vijay

Which naval forts were erected by Shivaji ?

1. Suvarnadurg
2. Vijayadurg
3. Sindhudurg
4. Kolaba

Select the answer using the code given below :

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1, 2, 3 and 4

1, 2 and 4 only

3 and 4 only

2 and 3 only

Answer is Right!

Answer is Wrong!

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UPSC CAPF – 2024

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Shivaji Maharaj recognized the strategic importance of naval power and coastal defense for his burgeoning Maratha kingdom, which had a long coastline. He built and strengthened numerous forts along the Konkan coast. All four listed forts are historically associated with Shivaji’s efforts to establish a strong navy and protect his territory from maritime threats, particularly from the Siddi of Janjira, the Portuguese, and the English.
1. Suvarnadurg: A major sea fort built/strengthened by Shivaji.
2. Vijayadurg: Another crucial sea fort, known for its shipbuilding facilities and strong defense.
3. Sindhudurg: One of Shivaji’s most important island forts, built to be virtually impregnable.
4. Kolaba: An island fort near Alibaug, also developed by Shivaji.

Shivaji Maharaj was a pioneer in establishing a strong Maratha navy and constructing/fortifying strategically important naval forts along the Konkan coast.

These forts served multiple purposes: defending the coast from invasions, protecting trade routes, serving as naval bases for the Maratha fleet, and controlling access to rivers and inland areas. They were integral to Shivaji’s military strategy and his efforts to secure his kingdom’s western frontier.

48. Consider the following statements about the Dutch trade in Mughal peri

Consider the following statements about the Dutch trade in Mughal period :

1. The Dutch transported silk goods from Bengal through Hooghly
2. Cloves and nutmegs were collected at Surat by the Dutch and exported to Europe

Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

1 only

2 only

Both 1 and 2

Neither 1 nor 2

Answer is Right!

Answer is Wrong!

This question was previously asked in

UPSC CAPF – 2024

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Let’s evaluate the statements about the Dutch trade in the Mughal period:
1. The Dutch transported silk goods from Bengal through Hooghly: This is correct. The Dutch East India Company (Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie – VOC) had significant trading interests in Bengal, which was a major centre for textile production, including silk. They established a factory at Chinsurah (near Hooghly) and were actively involved in transporting silk, cotton textiles, saltpetre, and other goods from Bengal via the Hooghly River to their ships for export to Europe and other Asian markets.
2. Cloves and nutmegs were collected at Surat by the Dutch and exported to Europe: This is incorrect. Cloves and nutmegs were highly valuable spices originating from the Moluccas (Spice Islands) in Southeast Asia. The Dutch established a virtual monopoly over the trade of these spices by controlling their source in Southeast Asia. Surat was a major port for trade in goods from the Indian subcontinent, Persia, and Arabia. While the Dutch traded at Surat, their primary source and export point for Moluccan spices were Southeast Asian ports like Batavia (Jakarta), from where they were shipped directly to Europe or other destinations. Spices like cloves and nutmegs were not sourced or collected in significant quantities *at Surat* for export to Europe.

The Dutch were major players in Indian Ocean trade during the Mughal period, prominent in textile trade from regions like Bengal, but their spice trade monopoly was centered on Southeast Asia, not ports like Surat for export of Moluccan spices.

The Dutch VOC was a powerful entity that competed with the English, French, and other European companies as well as Asian merchants. They traded in a wide variety of goods across Asia, but their most profitable monopoly was initially in the spice trade from Southeast Asia.

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49. Which of the following statements about the Bundela rebellion against

Which of the following statements about the Bundela rebellion against Aurangzeb are correct ?

1. Shivaji advised Chhatrasal to promote local risings against Aurangzeb
2. Chhatrasal levied chauth like marathas
3. In 1705, Aurangzeb decided to make peace with Chhatrasal and granted mansab of four-thousand

Select the answer using the code given below :

1 and 2 only

2 and 3 only

1 and 3 only

1, 2 and 3

Answer is Right!

Answer is Wrong!

This question was previously asked in

UPSC CAPF – 2024

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Let’s evaluate the statements about the Bundela rebellion against Aurangzeb, specifically regarding Chhatrasal:
1. Shivaji advised Chhatrasal to promote local risings against Aurangzeb: This statement is supported by historical tradition. It is widely believed that Chhatrasal met Shivaji Maharaj in the Deccan around 1670 and was inspired by his example. Shivaji is said to have encouraged Chhatrasal to return to his homeland (Bundelkhand) and lead a rebellion against the Mughals there, rather than serving the Mughal Empire or joining Shivaji’s campaigns in the south.
2. Chhatrasal levied *chauth* like Marathas: Chhatrasal established an independent kingdom in Bundelkhand through his rebellion against Mughal rule. He did levy taxes and contributions from areas under his control and influence, similar to the Maratha practice of demanding *chauth* (a share of revenue). While the specific term *chauth* is more strongly associated with the Marathas, the practice of extracting tribute was common among regional powers challenging central authority. Sources indicate Chhatrasal levied taxes akin to Maratha demands.
3. In 1705, Aurangzeb decided to make peace with Chhatrasal and granted *mansab* of four-thousand: This is correct. Facing numerous challenges across his vast empire, including the protracted Deccan campaign, Aurangzeb attempted to pacify or enlist various regional powers. Around 1705, recognizing Chhatrasal’s strength in Bundelkhand, Aurangzeb granted him a *mansab* of 4000 and acknowledged his position, bringing a temporary cessation to hostilities between them.
All three statements are historically accurate.

Chhatrasal Bundela was a significant figure who challenged Mughal authority under Aurangzeb in Bundelkhand, influenced by Shivaji, and eventually gained concessions from the emperor.

Chhatrasal continued to expand his territory after Aurangzeb’s death. He later received support from the Marathas, particularly Baji Rao I, when his kingdom was threatened by the Mughal governor Muhammad Khan Bangash.

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50. Consider the following statements about Mahanavami dibba, a massive pl

Consider the following statements about Mahanavami dibba, a massive platform :

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1. It is situated on one of the highest points in the city of Vijayanagara
2. Virupaksha temple is located on it

Which of the above statements is/are correct ?

1 only

2 only

Both 1 and 2

Neither 1 nor 2

Answer is Right!

Answer is Wrong!

This question was previously asked in

UPSC CAPF – 2024

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Let’s evaluate the statements about Mahanavami Dibba:
1. It is situated on one of the highest points in the city of Vijayanagara: This is correct. The Mahanavami Dibba, also known as the “House of Victory” or “Audience Hall,” is a large, multi-layered platform located within the Royal Centre of Vijayanagara. It is built on elevated ground, providing a commanding view of the surrounding area and serving as a prominent structure for royal ceremonies.
2. Virupaksha temple is located on it: This is incorrect. The Virupaksha Temple is a major, active temple dedicated to Lord Shiva (Virupaksha is a form of Shiva) located in Hampi, near the Hampi Bazaar, and is a distinct complex separate from the Royal Centre where the Mahanavami Dibba is located.

The Mahanavami Dibba was a ceremonial platform in the Royal Centre of Vijayanagara, used for festivals and royal displays, distinct from the major religious temples like the Virupaksha Temple.

The Mahanavami Dibba was particularly important during the annual Mahanavami (or Dasara/Dussehra) festival, where the Vijayanagara kings would hold elaborate ceremonies, receive guests, and display their power and wealth. It is decorated with carvings depicting various scenes, including processions, hunts, and tribute bearers.