UPSC CAPF

31. Which of the following statements is/are correct ? Article 15 of the

Which of the following statements is/are correct ?

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  • Article 15 of the Constitution of India is available to both citizens of India and the foreigners
  • Article 16 of the Constitution of India is available to the citizens of India only
  • Article 21 of the Constitution of India is available to both citizens of India and the foreigners alike within the territory of India

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1 only
2 and 3 only
3 only
1, 2 and 3
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Statement 1 is incorrect, while statements 2 and 3 are correct. Article 15 prohibits discrimination only for citizens. Article 16 provides equality of opportunity in public employment only to citizens. Article 21, protecting life and personal liberty, is available to both citizens and foreigners within India.
Certain fundamental rights are available only to citizens of India (e.g., Articles 15, 16, 19, 29, 30), while others are available to all persons, including foreigners (e.g., Articles 14, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28).
Article 15(1) states that the State shall not discriminate against any citizen on grounds only of religion, race, caste, sex, place of birth or any of them. Article 16(1) guarantees equality of opportunity for all citizens in matters relating to employment or appointment to any office under the State. Article 21 states that no person shall be deprived of his life or personal liberty except according to procedure established by law. The word ‘person’ here includes both citizens and foreigners.

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32. Who among the following scholars has conceptualized the Constitution o

Who among the following scholars has conceptualized the Constitution of India as a ‘seamless web’ ?

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MV Pylee
DD Basu
Granville Austin
Subhash Kashyap
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Granville Austin, a renowned American historian of the Indian Constitution, conceptualized the Constitution of India as a ‘seamless web’.
Austin used this term in his seminal work, “The Indian Constitution: Cornerstone of a Nation,” to describe the interconnectedness of the Constitution’s various parts, particularly the Fundamental Rights and the Directive Principles of State Policy. He argued that these two sections, often seen in tension, are in fact deeply intertwined and form the core of the Indian state’s social revolution.
Granville Austin’s work is considered authoritative on the making and working of the Indian Constitution. His other major work is “Working a Democratic Constitution: The Indian Experience”. MV Pylee, DD Basu, and Subhash Kashyap are also eminent Indian scholars on constitutional law, but the specific phrase ‘seamless web’ is most famously associated with Granville Austin.

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33. Who among the following Mathematician is the recipient of the Abel Pri

Who among the following Mathematician is the recipient of the Abel Prize for the year 2017 ?

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John F Nash
Yves Meyer
SR Srinivasa Varadhan
Andrew Wiles
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The Abel Prize for the year 2017 was awarded to Yves Meyer, a French mathematician.
Yves Meyer received the prize for his pivotal role in the development of the theory of wavelets. Wavelets are mathematical functions used in signal processing, image compression, and various other fields.
The Abel Prize is an annual prize awarded by the King of Norway to one or more outstanding mathematicians. It is widely regarded as one of the world’s most prestigious mathematics awards. John F Nash was awarded the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences in 1994. S. R. Srinivasa Varadhan received the Abel Prize in 2007. Andrew Wiles received a special tribute at the 2016 Abel Prize ceremony and the 2016 Breakthrough Prize in Fundamental Physics.

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34. Who among the following are awarded with the Special Breakthrough Priz

Who among the following are awarded with the Special Breakthrough Prize in Fundamental Physics for the year 2017 ?

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Stephen W Hawking and Roger Penrose
Ronald Drever, Kip S Thorne and Rainer Weiss
Joseph Polchinski, Andrew Strominger and Cumrun Vafa
J Michael Kosterlitz, Duncan Haldane and David J Thouless
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The Special Breakthrough Prize in Fundamental Physics for the year 2017 was awarded to the LIGO scientific collaboration for the observation of gravitational waves. The key individuals representing the collaboration were Ronald Drever, Kip S Thorne, and Rainer Weiss, who were pioneers in the development of the LIGO project.
The prize recognized the detection of gravitational waves, a prediction of Einstein’s general theory of relativity, which opened a new window for observing the universe. Drever, Thorne, and Weiss are considered founding figures of the LIGO experiment.
The 2016 Nobel Prize in Physics was also awarded for this discovery, specifically to Rainer Weiss, Barry C. Barish, and Kip S. Thorne. Ronald Drever had passed away earlier in 2017. The Breakthrough Prize in Fundamental Physics is one of the Breakthrough Prizes founded by Sergey Brin, Priscilla Chan and Mark Zuckerberg, Yuri and Julia Milner, and Anne Wojcicki.

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35. Which one of the following is NOT a river covered under the Indus Wate

Which one of the following is NOT a river covered under the Indus Water Treaty 1960 ?

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Ravi
Chenab
Teesta
Beas
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Teesta is NOT a river covered under the Indus Water Treaty 1960.
The Indus Water Treaty, signed between India and Pakistan in 1960, pertains to the distribution of water from the Indus River system, which includes the Indus and its tributaries. The treaty divides the rivers into two groups: the ‘Eastern Rivers’ (Ravi, Beas, and Sutlej) allocated for India’s unrestricted use, and the ‘Western Rivers’ (Indus, Jhelum, and Chenab) primarily allocated for Pakistan’s use, with limited rights for India.
The Teesta River is a major river in the Eastern Himalayas, flowing through the Indian states of Sikkim and West Bengal and then through Bangladesh before joining the Brahmaputra River. It is part of the Brahmaputra river system, not the Indus river system, and therefore is not covered by the Indus Water Treaty. Water sharing of the Teesta is a subject of discussion and negotiation between India and Bangladesh.

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36. Which of the following active step(s) was/were taken by the Congress i

Which of the following active step(s) was/were taken by the Congress in 1823 to eradicate untouchability from India ?

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  • 1. Effort to educate and mobilize opinion among caste Hindus
  • 2. Efforts to educate the ‘avarnas’ about the evils of untouchability
  • 3. Forcibly open the doors of temples for ‘avarnas’
  • 4. Petition the Government to pass laws that would declare untouch- ability unlawful

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1 only
1 and 2
2, 3 and 4
4 only
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The active steps taken by the Congress in the early 1920s to eradicate untouchability included efforts to educate and mobilize opinion among caste Hindus and efforts to educate the ‘avarnas’ (depressed classes).
Following the Non-Cooperation Movement, Mahatma Gandhi made the removal of untouchability a key component of the Congress’s constructive program. This involved multiple activities: appealing to the conscience of caste Hindus to abandon the practice (education and mobilization – Point 1), setting up schools and promoting education among the depressed classes, encouraging hygiene and self-respect among them (education and upliftment – Point 2), and promoting social mixing like inter-dining and common use of wells. Temple entry movements were also supported or initiated, but ‘forcibly’ opening doors (Point 3) was not the primary non-violent method advocated by Gandhi and the mainstream Congress. While Congress eventually came to support legal measures against untouchability, the focus in the early 1920s was more on social reform through persuasion and voluntary action (Point 4 was not the primary ‘active step’ in 1923 compared to social mobilization). Therefore, steps 1 and 2 were prominent components of the Congress’s anti-untouchability work around 1923.
The Congress session at Kakinada in 1923 reiterated the importance of removing untouchability as a national duty. Activities under the constructive program aimed at reforming caste Hindu attitudes and uplifting the depressed classes, which included educational efforts for both groups.

37. Which one of the following statements about the Indigo Revolt of 1859

Which one of the following statements about the Indigo Revolt of 1859 is correct ?

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It broke out at Poona and Ahmadnagar
It was directed against moneylenders
It was supported by the intelligentsia of Bengal
It was directed against the petty Zamindars and ex-employees of the planters
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The statement that the Indigo Revolt of 1859 was supported by the intelligentsia of Bengal is correct.
The Indigo Revolt (Nil Bidroho) occurred in Bengal in 1859-60, primarily against European indigo planters who forced peasants to cultivate indigo against their will and under oppressive conditions. The revolt received significant support from various sections of Bengali society, including some zamindars (who were also often exploited by planters), village headmen (mukhtars), and notably, the educated Bengali intelligentsia. Journalists like Harish Chandra Mukherjee highlighted the plight of the peasants in the ‘Hindoo Patriot’, and the play ‘Nil Darpan’ by Dinabandhu Mitra exposed the brutality of the planters, stirring public opinion.
– Option A is incorrect; the revolt was centered in Bengal.
– Option B is incorrect; while peasant indebtedness was a factor, the primary target was the indigo planters and their coercive system.
– Option D is incorrect; the revolt was directed against the European planters and their agents, not against petty zamindars (many of whom were supportive of the peasants) or ex-employees.

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38. Which among the following was NOT the recommendation of the Nehru Repo

Which among the following was NOT the recommendation of the Nehru Report ?

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Dominion Status
Separate Electorate
Unitary and Democratic Centre
Adult Suffrage
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Separate Electorate was NOT a recommendation of the Nehru Report.
The Nehru Report (1928) advocated for Joint Electorates with reservation of seats for minorities in proportion to the population, wherever they were in a minority. It was a key demand of the Indian National Congress to move away from communal electorates introduced by the British. The report explicitly rejected the principle of separate electorates.
The Nehru Report recommended Dominion Status for India within the British Commonwealth. It proposed a federal system with a strong centre and a responsible government. It also included provisions for Fundamental Rights and Universal Adult Suffrage. The report was significant as it was the first attempt by Indians to draft their own constitution. However, it was not accepted by all political factions, particularly Muslim League leaders like Jinnah who put forth his ‘Fourteen Points’ in response, advocating for separate electorates among other demands.

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39. Who among the following is empowered to establish Inter State Council

Who among the following is empowered to establish Inter State Council under Article 263 of the Constitution of India ?

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Parliament
Council of Ministers
President of India
Chief Justice of India
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The President of India is empowered to establish an Inter-State Council under Article 263 of the Constitution of India.
Article 263 of the Constitution states that “If at any time it appears to the President that the public interests would be served by the establishment of a Council charged with the duty of— (a) inquiring into and advising upon disputes which may have arisen between States; (b) investigating and discussing subjects in which some or all of the States, or the Union and one or more of the States, have a common interest; or (c) making recommendations upon any such subject and, in particular, recommendations for the better co-ordination of policy and action with respect to that subject, it shall be lawful for the President by order to establish such a Council, and to define the nature of the duties to be performed by it and its organisation and procedure.”
The Inter-State Council is a recommendatory body established to facilitate coordination between the States and the Centre. A permanent Inter-State Council was established in 1990 based on the recommendations of the Sarkaria Commission. The Prime Minister serves as the Chairman of the Council.

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40. Who among the following leaders is associated with the concept of part

Who among the following leaders is associated with the concept of party less democracy ?

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J B Kripalani
Jayprakash Narayan
Acharya Narendra Dev
Vinoba Bhave
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Jayprakash Narayan is strongly associated with the concept of party less democracy.
Jayprakash Narayan, often referred to as JP, advocated for ‘Nirdalaiya Loktantra’ or Partyless Democracy, believing that political parties distorted the democratic process and that true democracy could only flourish through empowered local communities and direct participation without party structures.
He propagated this idea extensively, particularly through his ‘Total Revolution’ movement in the 1970s, which aimed at fundamental social, economic, and political change in India, emphasizing popular participation and decentralization. While other leaders like Vinoba Bhave were associated with Sarvodaya which shares some philosophical ground, JP is the most prominent figure directly advocating for ‘partyless democracy’. J B Kripalani was a prominent Congress leader and later a critic of Nehru. Acharya Narendra Dev was a leading figure in the socialist movement.

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