UPSC CAPF

21. What are Airawat, Param Siddhi, Pratyus and Mihir ?

What are Airawat, Param Siddhi, Pratyus and Mihir ?

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Super Computers of India
Battle Tanks of India
Supersonic Missiles of India
Indian Naval Ships
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UPSC CAPF – 2023
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Airawat, Param Siddhi, Pratyus, and Mihir are prominent examples of High-Performance Computing (HPC) systems, commonly known as supercomputers, established in India under national missions and initiatives.
– Param Siddhi-AI is India’s fastest HPC-AI system, part of the National Supercomputing Mission (NSM).
– Pratyush and Mihir are supercomputers primarily used for weather forecasting and climate research, established at the Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (IITM) and the National Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasting (NCMRWF) respectively.
– AIRAWAT (Artificial Intelligence Research, Analytics and Knowledge Assimilation Platform) is a recent addition, India’s largest and fastest AI supercomputing system.
These supercomputers are crucial resources for various scientific research fields, including climate modeling, bioinformatics, materials science, and artificial intelligence development, contributing to India’s capabilities in cutting-edge computing.

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22. ‘Rail Vikas Nigam Limited’ is a :

‘Rail Vikas Nigam Limited’ is a :

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Maharatna CPSE
Navaratna CPSE
Miniratna I CPSE
Miniratna II CPSE
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‘Rail Vikas Nigam Limited’ (RVNL) is a Central Public Sector Enterprise (CPSE) under the Ministry of Railways. It was granted Navaratna status by the Government of India in April 2023.
– RVNL was incorporated in 2003 as a wholly owned PSU of the Ministry of Railways.
– Its primary objective is to undertake and execute railway infrastructure projects.
– The grant of Navaratna status provides RVNL with enhanced autonomy in decision-making, particularly regarding investments, joint ventures, and setting up subsidiary companies, within certain financial limits.
The classification of CPSEs into Maharatna, Navaratna, and Miniratna categories is based on criteria related to profitability, turnover, net worth, and other performance indicators. These statuses grant varying degrees of financial and operational autonomy. Before being upgraded to Navaratna status, RVNL was a Miniratna Category-I CPSE.

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23. ‘Operation Kaveri’ is a rescue operation launched by the Government of

‘Operation Kaveri’ is a rescue operation launched by the Government of India to evacuate Indian citizens who were stranded in:

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Kuwait
Ukraine
Afghanistan
Sudan
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UPSC CAPF – 2023
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‘Operation Kaveri’ was a large-scale evacuation operation launched by the Government of India in April 2023. Its primary objective was to rescue Indian citizens who were stranded in Sudan amidst a major power struggle between the Sudanese military and the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces.
– The operation was undertaken to evacuate Indians from Sudan due to intense fighting and deteriorating security conditions.
– It involved coordination between the Ministry of External Affairs, Indian Navy, and Indian Air Force.
– Evacuees were brought back to India via Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, which served as a transit point.
India deployed naval ships (like INS Sumedha, INS Teg, INS Tarkash) and Indian Air Force aircraft (C-130J) for the evacuation effort. Several thousand Indian citizens and some foreign nationals were safely brought back to India under this operation.

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24. NISAR satellite is manufactured jointly by Indian Space Research Organ

NISAR satellite is manufactured jointly by Indian Space Research Organisation and:

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Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Russian Federal Space Agency
European Space Agency
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The NISAR satellite is a joint Earth observation mission developed by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) of the United States. The acronym NISAR stands for NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar.
– NISAR is a collaborative project between the space agencies of India (ISRO) and the USA (NASA).
– It is designed to map the Earth’s surface using advanced radar technology (Synthetic Aperture Radar).
– The mission aims to study ecosystems, ice mass, vegetation biomass, sea level rise, groundwater, and natural hazards like earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanoes, and landslides.
NISAR is expected to be one of the most expensive Earth science satellites ever built. It will use two radar frequencies (L-band and S-band) to provide detailed information about the Earth’s land and ice surfaces. The satellite was assembled and underwent testing in India before being shipped to the US for final integration and launch preparations.

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25. The annual Kheer Bhawani Mela is organized at:

The annual Kheer Bhawani Mela is organized at:

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Kabaw Valley
Kashmir Valley
Dah Hanu Valley
Upper Dibang Valley
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The annual Kheer Bhawani Mela is a significant religious festival celebrated by the Kashmiri Pandit community. It is primarily organized at the Ragnya Devi temple in Tulmulla, Ganderbal district, in the Kashmir Valley.
– The festival is held at the Goddess Ragnya Devi temple, commonly known as Kheer Bhawani temple.
– The main shrine is located in Tulmulla, Ganderbal district of Jammu and Kashmir.
– The mela attracts devotees, particularly Kashmiri Pandits, from across the country and abroad.
The name ‘Kheer Bhawani’ comes from the offering of kheer (rice pudding) made to the goddess. The mela is a symbol of religious harmony and cultural significance in the region. Other locations in Kashmir Valley also have Kheer Bhawani shrines, such as Mata Kheer Bhawani Asthapan in Tikker, Kupwara, and Kheer Bhawani temples in Laktipora Aishmuqam (Anantnag) and Manzgam (Kulgam), which also hold smaller congregations during the mela.

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26. The journey of the First Phase of Sagar Parikrama Yatra, an initiative

The journey of the First Phase of Sagar Parikrama Yatra, an initiative of the Government of India, was started from:

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Andaman and Nicobar Islands
Maharashtra
Karnataka
Gujarat
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The Sagar Parikrama Yatra is an initiative launched by the Government of India to interact with fishermen, coastal communities, and stakeholders, aiming to understand their challenges and aspirations, and to promote sustainable fishing practices and coastal development. The first phase of the Sagar Parikrama Yatra commenced on March 5, 2022, starting from Mandvi in Gujarat, covering coastal areas of Gujarat. Subsequent phases have covered other coastal states and Union Territories.
Sagar Parikrama is an outreach program by the Indian government focused on coastal areas and the fisheries sector, with the first phase originating from Gujarat.
The Yatra is undertaken by the Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry, and Dairying, in collaboration with the Department of Fisheries, National Fisheries Development Board, and state fisheries departments. It aims to assess the impact of government schemes and promote responsible fisheries.

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27. Exercise Ajeya Warrior is a biennial training event between the Indian

Exercise Ajeya Warrior is a biennial training event between the Indian Army and the army of:

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Nepal
United Kingdom
Russia
Japan
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Exercise Ajeya Warrior is a joint military training exercise conducted biennially between the Indian Army and the British Army (United Kingdom). It is one of several bilateral exercises between India and the UK, which also include Exercise Konkan (Navy) and Exercise Indra Dhanush (Air Force).
Military exercises between countries are named events aimed at enhancing interoperability, sharing best practices, and strengthening defense cooperation. Exercise Ajeya Warrior is specific to India and the UK.
India conducts joint military exercises with numerous countries. Examples include Exercise Surya Kiran with Nepal, Exercise Dharma Guardian with Japan, and Exercise Indra (though less frequent now) with Russia.

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28. Consider the following statements about Khelo India University Games (

Consider the following statements about Khelo India University Games (KIUG):

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  • 1. The first edition of KIUG was held in Odisha.
  • 2. The name of the mascot of the third edition of KIUG was Jeetu.
  • 3. The first edition of KIUG was postponed due to COVID.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

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1, 2 and 3
2 and 3 only
1 and 2 only
3 only
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Statement 1 is correct: The first edition of the Khelo India University Games (KIUG) was held in February-March 2020 in Bhubaneswar, Odisha. Statement 2 is correct: The third edition of KIUG was held in Uttar Pradesh in 2023 (officially designated as KIUG 2022 due to calendar year). The mascot for the third edition was Jeetu, representing the Barasingha (swamp deer), the state animal of Uttar Pradesh. Statement 3 is incorrect: The first edition of KIUG was successfully completed in February-March 2020, just before the nationwide lockdown due to the COVID-19 pandemic was imposed in India. Subsequent editions or other sporting events might have been postponed, but the first KIUG was not.
The Khelo India University Games is a national-level multi-sport event for athletes from Indian universities, initiated by the Government of India. The first edition was held in Odisha, and subsequent editions have featured specific mascots.
The KIUG is part of the Indian government’s Khelo India initiative, aimed at promoting grassroots sports and identifying young talent. The second edition of KIUG was held in Karnataka in 2022, with the mascot ‘Veera’.

29. Consider the following statements about IPL cricket tournament : 1.

Consider the following statements about IPL cricket tournament :

  • 1. Two teams won the tournament five times each.
  • 2. Chennai Super Kings remained runner-up in five editions of the tournament.
  • 3. On three occasions, the final was played abroad.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

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1, 2 and 3
2 and 3 only
1 and 2 only
3 only
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UPSC CAPF – 2023
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Statement 1 is correct: As of the 2023 IPL season (the last completed season before the question might have been set), two teams, Mumbai Indians (MI) and Chennai Super Kings (CSK), had won the tournament five times each. Statement 2 is correct: Chennai Super Kings (CSK) have been runners-up in the IPL final on five occasions: 2008, 2012, 2013, 2015, and 2019. Statement 3 is incorrect: The IPL final has been played outside India on two occasions: 2009 (South Africa) and 2020 (UAE). The 2014 season had initial matches and playoffs in the UAE, but the final was held in Bengaluru, India. Thus, the final was played abroad only twice.
The IPL has seen multiple winners, with Mumbai Indians and Chennai Super Kings being the most successful teams historically in terms of title wins (5 each, up to 2023). IPL finals have rarely been held outside India.
The IPL started in 2008. The 2009 season was entirely shifted to South Africa due to general elections in India. The 2014 season’s first phase was held in the UAE for similar reasons, but the final was in India. The 2020 season was held entirely in the UAE due to the COVID-19 pandemic, including the final.

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30. Which one of the following statements is correct about Spring tides ?

Which one of the following statements is correct about Spring tides ?

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High tide is higher than average high tide and Low tide is higher than average low tide.
High tide is lower than average high tide and Low tide is higher than average low tide.
High tide is higher than average high tide and Low tide is lower than average low tide.
High tide is lower than average high tide and Low tide is lower than average high tide.
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Spring tides occur when the Earth, Moon, and Sun are aligned (during New Moon and Full Moon). The combined gravitational pull of the Sun and Moon causes a greater tidal range than average. This results in high tides that are higher than the average high tide and low tides that are lower than the average low tide. Option C correctly describes this phenomenon. Option A describes a condition where both high and low tides are higher than average, which is incorrect as low tides are lower during spring tides. Options B and D incorrectly state that high tides are lower than average.
Spring tides are the tides with the largest tidal range, occurring during syzygy (alignment of Earth, Moon, and Sun) at New Moon and Full Moon, characterized by exceptionally high high tides and exceptionally low low tides.
Conversely, neap tides occur during the first and third quarter Moon phases, when the Moon and Sun are at right angles to the Earth. Their gravitational pulls partially cancel each other out, resulting in a smaller tidal range, with lower high tides and higher low tides than average.

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