Mains Syllabus of Manipur PSC Exam 2024
General Studies
Paper I
1. History of Manipur
- Ancient Period:
- Early settlements and archaeological evidence.
- The Meitei dynasty and its rise to power.
- The role of Hinduism and Vaishnavism in shaping Manipuri society.
- The impact of foreign influences (Burma, Ahom, etc.).
- Medieval Period:
- The reign of the Kangleipak dynasty and its cultural achievements.
- The advent of the British and the Anglo-Manipuri Wars.
- The annexation of Manipur by the British.
- Modern Period:
- The Manipuri independence movement and the role of leaders like Bir Tikendrajit.
- The integration of Manipur into India.
- The post-independence period and the development of Manipur.
- The Naga and Kuki insurgencies and their impact on Manipur.
2. Geography of Manipur
- Physical Features:
- Location, boundaries, and geographical significance.
- Topography, including hills, valleys, and rivers.
- Climate and its impact on the state.
- Natural resources, including forests, minerals, and water resources.
- Human Geography:
- Population distribution and density.
- Ethnic diversity and cultural heritage.
- Agriculture, industry, and infrastructure.
- Urbanization and its challenges.
- Environmental Issues:
- Deforestation, soil erosion, and pollution.
- Climate change and its impact on Manipur.
- Conservation efforts and sustainable development.
3. Polity and Governance of Manipur
- Constitutional Framework:
- The Constitution of India and its application to Manipur.
- The structure of the state government, including the legislature, executive, and judiciary.
- The role of the Governor, Chief Minister, and Council of Ministers.
- Local self-governance and Panchayati Raj institutions.
- Political System:
- Major political parties and their ideologies.
- Electoral process and political participation.
- The role of civil society and NGOs.
- Public Administration:
- Administrative structure and functioning of the state government.
- Public policy formulation and implementation.
- Issues of corruption and accountability.
4. Economy of Manipur
- Agriculture:
- Major crops, agricultural practices, and challenges.
- Role of irrigation and agricultural infrastructure.
- Government schemes and policies for agricultural development.
- Industry:
- Industrial development and growth.
- Major industries, including handicrafts, tourism, and small-scale industries.
- Government initiatives for industrial promotion.
- Infrastructure:
- Transportation, communication, and energy infrastructure.
- Development of roads, railways, and airports.
- Challenges and opportunities in infrastructure development.
- Social Welfare:
- Poverty, unemployment, and inequality.
- Government schemes and programs for social welfare.
- The role of NGOs and civil society in social development.
5. Art, Culture, and Literature of Manipur
- Traditional Arts and Crafts:
- Dance forms like Manipuri, Thang-ta, and Lai Haraoba.
- Music, including classical and folk music.
- Traditional crafts like pottery, weaving, and wood carving.
- Literature:
- The rich literary heritage of Manipur, including epics, plays, and poetry.
- The role of the Meitei language and its dialects.
- Contemporary Manipuri literature and its themes.
- Festivals and Traditions:
- Major festivals celebrated in Manipur, including Yaoshang, Heikru, and Ningol Chakouba.
- Traditional customs and beliefs.
- The impact of globalization on Manipuri culture.
Paper II
1. Current Affairs
- National and International events of the past year.
- Major political, economic, social, and cultural developments.
- Issues related to science, technology, and environment.
- Important personalities and their contributions.
2. Indian Polity and Governance
- The Constitution of India:
- Fundamental Rights, Directive Principles of State Policy, and Fundamental Duties.
- The structure and functions of the Union and State Governments.
- The Judiciary, including the Supreme Court and High Courts.
- The role of the Election Commission and the Comptroller and Auditor General.
- Political System:
- Major political parties and their ideologies.
- Electoral process and political participation.
- The role of civil society and NGOs.
- Public Administration:
- Administrative structure and functioning of the Indian government.
- Public policy formulation and implementation.
- Issues of corruption and accountability.
3. Indian Economy
- Economic Growth and Development:
- Key economic indicators, including GDP, inflation, and unemployment.
- The role of agriculture, industry, and services in the Indian economy.
- Government policies and initiatives for economic growth.
- Financial System:
- Banking, insurance, and capital markets.
- Monetary policy and the role of the Reserve Bank of India.
- Fiscal policy and the role of the government in the economy.
- Social Welfare:
- Poverty, unemployment, and inequality.
- Government schemes and programs for social welfare.
- The role of NGOs and civil society in social development.
4. Science and Technology
- Recent advancements in science and technology.
- Space technology, biotechnology, and nanotechnology.
- Information technology and its impact on society.
- The role of science and technology in national development.
- Environmental Issues:
- Climate change, pollution, and deforestation.
- Conservation efforts and sustainable development.
- The role of science and technology in environmental protection.
5. Disaster Management
- Types of disasters and their impact.
- Natural disasters, including earthquakes, floods, and droughts.
- Man-made disasters, including accidents and terrorism.
- Disaster preparedness, response, and recovery.
- Role of the government and other agencies in disaster management.
- National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) and State Disaster Management Authorities (SDMAs).
- The role of NGOs and civil society in disaster relief.
6. Ethics and Human Values
- Ethical principles and values.
- Integrity, honesty, and accountability.
- Compassion, empathy, and social responsibility.
- The role of ethics in public service.
- Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms.
- The Universal Declaration of Human Rights.
- The Indian Constitution and human rights.
- Issues related to human rights violations.
7. International Relations
- India’s foreign policy.
- India’s relations with its neighbors, including Pakistan, China, and Bangladesh.
- India’s role in international organizations, including the United Nations and the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC).
- Global issues, including climate change, terrorism, and nuclear proliferation.
8. Manipur Specific Issues
- Insurgency and Conflict:
- The history and causes of the Naga and Kuki insurgencies.
- The impact of insurgency on the state’s economy, society, and security.
- Government efforts to resolve the insurgency and promote peace.
- Development Challenges:
- Poverty, unemployment, and inequality.
- Infrastructure development and connectivity.
- Education, healthcare, and social welfare.
- Environmental Issues:
- Deforestation, soil erosion, and pollution.
- Climate change and its impact on Manipur.
- Conservation efforts and sustainable development.
- Cultural Heritage and Identity:
- The preservation and promotion of Manipuri culture and traditions.
- The impact of globalization on Manipuri society.
- The role of art, literature, and music in shaping Manipuri identity.
Table 1: Important Dates and Events in Manipur History
| Year | Event | Significance |
|---|---|---|
| 33 AD | Foundation of the Ningthouja dynasty | The beginning of the Meitei kingdom |
| 1467 | Accession of King Khagemba | The golden age of the Kangleipak dynasty |
| 1762 | The Anglo-Manipuri War | The first encounter between the British and Manipur |
| 1891 | The annexation of Manipur by the British | The end of the independent Manipuri kingdom |
| 1947 | Independence of India | Manipur becomes a part of India |
| 1949 | The Manipur Statehood Movement | The demand for statehood for Manipur |
| 1972 | Manipur becomes a state | The achievement of statehood for Manipur |
| 1980 | The beginning of the Naga insurgency | The escalation of conflict in Manipur |
| 1990 | The beginning of the Kuki insurgency | The intensification of violence in Manipur |
Table 2: Major Industries in Manipur
| Industry | Products | Significance |
|---|---|---|
| Agriculture | Rice, vegetables, fruits, tea, and spices | The backbone of the Manipuri economy |
| Handicrafts | Handloom textiles, pottery, wood carving, and metalwork | A significant source of income for rural communities |
| Tourism | Historical sites, natural beauty, and cultural attractions | A growing sector with potential for job creation |
| Small-scale industries | Food processing, pharmaceuticals, and agro-based industries | Contributing to the state’s industrial growth |
Note: This syllabus is a general guideline and may be subject to change. It is advisable to refer to the official notification released by the Manipur PSC for the latest syllabus and exam pattern.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) and Short Answers for Manipur PSC Mains Exam 2024
History of Manipur:
Q1. What were the major factors that led to the rise of the Meitei dynasty in Manipur?
A1. The Meitei dynasty rose to power due to their strong military organization, effective administration, and their ability to assimilate other tribes and communities into their kingdom.
Q2. How did the British annexation of Manipur impact the state’s political and social landscape?
A2. The annexation led to the loss of Manipur’s independence and the imposition of British rule. It also disrupted the traditional social order and introduced new administrative structures.
Q3. What were the key demands of the Manipuri independence movement?
A3. The movement aimed to restore Manipur’s independence from British rule and preserve its cultural identity.
Geography of Manipur:
Q1. What are the major geographical features of Manipur?
A1. Manipur is characterized by its mountainous terrain, fertile valleys, and numerous rivers. It is also home to diverse flora and fauna.
Q2. What are the major environmental challenges facing Manipur?
A2. Deforestation, soil erosion, pollution, and climate change are some of the key environmental challenges facing the state.
Q3. How does the geography of Manipur impact its economy?
A3. The mountainous terrain limits agricultural land, while the abundance of rivers provides potential for hydropower generation.
Polity and Governance of Manipur:
Q1. What is the structure of the state government in Manipur?
A1. The state government comprises the legislature (Manipur Legislative Assembly), the executive (headed by the Chief Minister), and the judiciary (headed by the High Court of Manipur).
Q2. What are the major political parties active in Manipur?
A2. The Indian National Congress, the Bharatiya Janata Party, and the Nationalist Congress Party are some of the major political parties active in the state.
Q3. What are the key challenges to good governance in Manipur?
A3. Corruption, lack of transparency, and inadequate infrastructure are some of the challenges to good governance in Manipur.
Economy of Manipur:
Q1. What are the major sectors contributing to the economy of Manipur?
A1. Agriculture, handicrafts, tourism, and small-scale industries are the major sectors contributing to the state’s economy.
Q2. What are the key challenges to economic development in Manipur?
A2. Poverty, unemployment, lack of infrastructure, and insurgency are some of the key challenges to economic development in the state.
Q3. What are the government’s initiatives to promote economic growth in Manipur?
A3. The government has implemented various schemes and programs to promote agriculture, industry, and tourism in the state.
Art, Culture, and Literature of Manipur:
Q1. What are the major dance forms of Manipur?
A1. Manipuri, Thang-ta, and Lai Haraoba are some of the major dance forms of Manipur.
Q2. What is the significance of the Meitei language in Manipuri culture?
A2. The Meitei language is the official language of Manipur and plays a vital role in preserving the state’s cultural heritage.
Q3. How has globalization impacted Manipuri culture?
A3. Globalization has led to the exposure of Manipuri culture to external influences, resulting in both positive and negative impacts.
Current Affairs:
Q1. What are some of the major national and international events that have occurred in the past year?
A1. This question requires you to be updated on current affairs and will vary depending on the year of the exam.
Q2. What are the key issues related to science, technology, and environment in the current context?
A2. This question also requires you to be updated on current affairs and will vary depending on the year of the exam.
Indian Polity and Governance:
Q1. What are the fundamental rights enshrined in the Indian Constitution?
A1. The fundamental rights include the right to equality, the right to freedom, the right against exploitation, the right to freedom of religion, the right to cultural and educational rights, and the right to constitutional remedies.
Q2. What are the key functions of the Indian Parliament?
A2. The Indian Parliament is responsible for making laws, controlling the executive, and debating important issues.
Q3. What are the major challenges to the Indian political system?
A3. Corruption, communalism, and regionalism are some of the major challenges to the Indian political system.
Indian Economy:
Q1. What are the key indicators of economic growth in India?
A1. GDP growth, inflation, and unemployment are some of the key indicators of economic growth in India.
Q2. What are the major challenges to the Indian economy?
A2. Poverty, inequality, unemployment, and infrastructure deficit are some of the major challenges to the Indian economy.
Q3. What are the government’s policies to address the challenges facing the Indian economy?
A3. The government has implemented various policies to promote economic growth, reduce poverty, and create jobs.
Science and Technology:
Q1. What are some of the recent advancements in space technology?
A1. This question requires you to be updated on current affairs and will vary depending on the year of the exam.
Q2. What are the potential benefits and risks of biotechnology?
A2. Biotechnology has the potential to revolutionize healthcare and agriculture, but it also raises ethical concerns.
Q3. How is information technology transforming society?
A3. Information technology is transforming communication, education, and commerce, but it also raises concerns about privacy and security.
Disaster Management:
Q1. What are the different types of disasters that can occur?
A1. Disasters can be natural, such as earthquakes, floods, and droughts, or man-made, such as accidents and terrorism.
Q2. What are the key steps involved in disaster management?
A2. Disaster management involves preparedness, response, and recovery.
Q3. What is the role of the National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA)?
A3. The NDMA is responsible for coordinating disaster management efforts at the national level.
Ethics and Human Values:
Q1. What are the core ethical principles that should guide public service?
A1. Public service should be guided by principles of integrity, honesty, accountability, and impartiality.
Q2. What are the key provisions of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights?
A2. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights affirms the inherent dignity and equal and inalienable rights of all members of the human family.
Q3. What are some of the major human rights issues facing India?
A3. Issues such as poverty, inequality, discrimination, and violence against women are some of the major human rights issues facing India.
International Relations:
Q1. What are the key principles of India’s foreign policy?
A1. India’s foreign policy is guided by principles of non-alignment, peaceful coexistence, and international cooperation.
Q2. What are the major challenges to India’s relations with its neighbors?
A2. Territorial disputes, cross-border terrorism, and economic competition are some of the major challenges to India’s relations with its neighbors.
Q3. What is India’s role in international organizations?
A3. India plays an active role in international organizations such as the United Nations and the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC).
Manipur Specific Issues:
Q1. What are the root causes of the Naga and Kuki insurgencies in Manipur?
A1. The insurgencies are rooted in historical grievances, political marginalization, and cultural identity issues.
Q2. What are the major development challenges facing Manipur?
A2. Poverty, unemployment, lack of infrastructure, and insurgency are some of the major development challenges facing Manipur.
Q3. What are the government’s efforts to promote peace and development in Manipur?
A3. The government has implemented various schemes and programs to address the insurgency, improve infrastructure, and promote economic development in the state.
Note: These are just a few examples of frequently asked questions. The actual questions asked in the exam may vary. It is important to have a comprehensive understanding of the syllabus and to stay updated on current affairs.