Mains Syllabus of kvs pgt Exam 2024

Mains Syllabus of KVS PGT Exam 2024

The Kendriya Vidyalaya Sangathan (KVS) conducts the Post Graduate Teacher (PGT) exam annually to recruit eligible candidates for various subjects. The exam consists of two papers: Paper I (General Knowledge and Teaching Aptitude) and Paper II (Subject Specific). This article focuses on the detailed syllabus for Paper II, covering various subjects offered by KVS.

Paper II: Subject Specific Syllabus

1. English

1.1. Literature

• Prose:
  • Indian Writing in English: Major authors and their works, literary movements, themes, and critical perspectives.
  • British Literature: Major periods (Renaissance, Restoration, Romantic, Victorian, Modern), key authors and their works, literary movements, themes, and critical perspectives.
  • American Literature: Major periods (Puritan, Enlightenment, Romantic, Realist, Modern), key authors and their works, literary movements, themes, and critical perspectives.
• Poetry:
  • Indian Poetry in English: Major poets and their works, themes, and critical perspectives.
  • British Poetry: Major poets and their works from different periods, themes, and critical perspectives.
  • American Poetry: Major poets and their works from different periods, themes, and critical perspectives.
• Drama:
  • Indian Drama in English: Major playwrights and their works, themes, and critical perspectives.
  • British Drama: Major playwrights and their works from different periods, themes, and critical perspectives.
  • American Drama: Major playwrights and their works from different periods, themes, and critical perspectives.
• Literary Criticism and Theory:
  • Major literary theories and critical approaches (Formalism, Structuralism, Post-structuralism, Feminism, Marxism, Postcolonialism).
  • Key literary critics and their contributions.

1.2. Language

• Grammar and Usage:
  • Parts of speech, sentence structure, tenses, voice, mood, punctuation, and usage.
  • Common grammatical errors and their correction.
• Vocabulary:
  • Synonyms, antonyms, homonyms, idioms, and phrases.
  • Word formation, etymology, and usage.
• Composition:
  • Essay writing, letter writing, précis writing, paragraph writing, and report writing.
  • Comprehension and interpretation of passages.
• Communication Skills:
  • Effective communication, listening skills, and public speaking.

2. Hindi

2.1. Literature

• Ancient Hindi Literature:
  • Major works of ancient Hindi literature, including epics, poems, and plays.
  • Key authors and their contributions.
• Medieval Hindi Literature:
  • Major works of medieval Hindi literature, including devotional poetry, Sufi literature, and regional literature.
  • Key authors and their contributions.
• Modern Hindi Literature:
  • Major works of modern Hindi literature, including novels, short stories, plays, and poetry.
  • Key authors and their contributions.
  • Literary movements and their impact on Hindi literature.
• Literary Criticism and Theory:
  • Major literary theories and critical approaches in Hindi literature.
  • Key literary critics and their contributions.

2.2. Language

• Grammar and Usage:
  • Parts of speech, sentence structure, tenses, voice, mood, punctuation, and usage.
  • Common grammatical errors and their correction.
• Vocabulary:
  • Synonyms, antonyms, homonyms, idioms, and phrases.
  • Word formation, etymology, and usage.
• Composition:
  • Essay writing, letter writing, précis writing, paragraph writing, and report writing.
  • Comprehension and interpretation of passages.
• Communication Skills:
  • Effective communication, listening skills, and public speaking.

3. Sanskrit

3.1. Literature

• Vedic Literature:
  • Vedas, Upanishads, Brahmanas, Aranyakas, and Samhitas.
  • Key concepts and themes.
• Epic Literature:
  • Ramayana and Mahabharata.
  • Key characters, events, and themes.
• Classical Sanskrit Literature:
  • Major works of classical Sanskrit literature, including plays, poems, and prose works.
  • Key authors and their contributions.
• Literary Criticism and Theory:
  • Major literary theories and critical approaches in Sanskrit literature.
  • Key literary critics and their contributions.

3.2. Language

• Grammar and Usage:
  • Sanskrit grammar, including declensions, conjugations, and syntax.
  • Common grammatical errors and their correction.
• Vocabulary:
  • Sanskrit vocabulary, including synonyms, antonyms, and homonyms.
  • Word formation, etymology, and usage.
• Composition:
  • Sanskrit composition, including writing essays, letters, and poems.
  • Comprehension and interpretation of Sanskrit texts.

4. Mathematics

4.1. Algebra

• Sets, Relations, and Functions:
  • Sets, subsets, operations on sets, Venn diagrams.
  • Relations, types of relations, functions, types of functions, inverse functions, composite functions.
• Algebraic Equations and Inequalities:
  • Linear equations, quadratic equations, simultaneous equations, inequalities, and their applications.
• Matrices and Determinants:
  • Matrices, types of matrices, operations on matrices, determinants, properties of determinants, inverse of a matrix, and applications.
• Vectors and Three-Dimensional Geometry:
  • Vectors, scalar and vector products, scalar triple product, lines and planes in three dimensions, and their applications.
• Complex Numbers:
  • Complex numbers, operations on complex numbers, modulus and argument of a complex number, De Moivre’s theorem, and applications.

4.2. Calculus

• Limits, Continuity, and Differentiability:
  • Limits, continuity, differentiability, and their applications.
• Differentiation:
  • Derivatives of functions, rules of differentiation, higher-order derivatives, and applications.
• Integration:
  • Indefinite integrals, definite integrals, properties of definite integrals, and applications.
• Differential Equations:
  • First-order differential equations, second-order differential equations, and their applications.

4.3. Statistics and Probability

• Measures of Central Tendency and Dispersion:
  • Mean, median, mode, range, variance, and standard deviation.
• Probability:
  • Basic concepts of probability, conditional probability, Bayes’ theorem, and applications.
• Statistical Distributions:
  • Binomial distribution, Poisson distribution, and normal distribution.
• Correlation and Regression:
  • Correlation coefficient, regression lines, and their applications.

5. Physics

5.1. Mechanics

• Kinematics:
  • Motion in one and two dimensions, projectile motion, uniform circular motion, work, energy, and power.
• Newton’s Laws of Motion:
  • Newton’s laws of motion, conservation of linear momentum, friction, and rotational motion.
• Gravitation:
  • Newton’s law of gravitation, gravitational potential energy, escape velocity, and Kepler’s laws of planetary motion.

5.2. Heat and Thermodynamics

• Heat and Temperature:
  • Heat, temperature, specific heat capacity, calorimetry, and heat transfer.
• Thermodynamics:
  • First law of thermodynamics, second law of thermodynamics, entropy, and applications.

5.3. Waves and Optics

• Waves:
  • Transverse and longitudinal waves, superposition of waves, interference, diffraction, and Doppler effect.
• Optics:
  • Reflection, refraction, lenses, mirrors, and optical instruments.

5.4. Electricity and Magnetism

• Electrostatics:
  • Electric charge, Coulomb’s law, electric field, electric potential, and capacitors.
• Current Electricity:
  • Electric current, Ohm’s law, resistance, resistivity, and Kirchhoff’s laws.
• Magnetism:
  • Magnetic field, magnetic force, magnetic flux, Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction, and Lenz’s law.

5.5. Modern Physics

• Atomic Physics:
  • Bohr’s model of the atom, quantum numbers, and atomic spectra.
• Nuclear Physics:
  • Nuclear structure, radioactivity, nuclear reactions, and nuclear energy.

6. Chemistry

6.1. Physical Chemistry

• Atomic Structure:
  • Bohr’s model, quantum numbers, electronic configuration, and periodic trends.
• Chemical Bonding:
  • Ionic bonding, covalent bonding, metallic bonding, and intermolecular forces.
• Chemical Thermodynamics:
  • Enthalpy, entropy, Gibbs free energy, and their applications.
• Chemical Kinetics:
  • Rate of reaction, order of reaction, activation energy, and catalysis.
• Solutions and Colligative Properties:
  • Solutions, types of solutions, colligative properties, and their applications.

6.2. Inorganic Chemistry

• Periodic Table and Periodic Properties:
  • Periodic trends, groups, and periods.
• Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure:
  • VSEPR theory, hybridization, and molecular orbital theory.
• Chemistry of s-block and p-block Elements:
  • Properties, reactions, and applications of s-block and p-block elements.
• Coordination Compounds:
  • Nomenclature, structure, bonding, and applications of coordination compounds.

6.3. Organic Chemistry

• Nomenclature and IUPAC Nomenclature:
  • Naming organic compounds according to IUPAC rules.
• Isomerism:
  • Structural isomerism, stereoisomerism, enantiomers, and diastereomers.
• Hydrocarbons:
  • Alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, and aromatic hydrocarbons.
• Functional Groups:
  • Alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, amines, and amides.
• Organic Reactions:
  • Addition reactions, substitution reactions, elimination reactions, and oxidation-reduction reactions.

7. Biology

7.1. Cell Biology and Genetics

• Cell Structure and Function:
  • Cell organelles, cell membrane, cell cycle, and cell division.
• Genetics:
  • DNA structure, DNA replication, transcription, translation, and gene expression.
• Molecular Biology:
  • Recombinant DNA technology, gene cloning, and genetic engineering.

7.2. Plant Biology

• Plant Morphology:
  • Roots, stems, leaves, flowers, fruits, and seeds.
• Plant Physiology:
  • Photosynthesis, respiration, transpiration, and plant hormones.
• Plant Reproduction:
  • Sexual reproduction, asexual reproduction, and plant breeding.

7.3. Animal Biology

• Animal Tissues and Organs:
  • Epithelial tissue, connective tissue, muscular tissue, and nervous tissue.
• Animal Physiology:
  • Digestion, respiration, circulation, excretion, and nervous system.
• Animal Reproduction:
  • Sexual reproduction, asexual reproduction, and animal development.

7.4. Ecology and Environment

• Ecosystems:
  • Types of ecosystems, food chains, food webs, and ecological pyramids.
• Biodiversity:
  • Importance of biodiversity, threats to biodiversity, and conservation efforts.
• Environmental Issues:
  • Pollution, climate change, and sustainable development.

8. History

8.1. Ancient History

• Ancient India:
  • Indus Valley Civilization, Vedic Period, Mauryan Empire, Gupta Empire, and other major dynasties.
• Ancient Greece and Rome:
  • Greek civilization, Roman civilization, and their contributions to art, literature, philosophy, and science.

8.2. Medieval History

• Medieval India:
  • Delhi Sultanate, Mughal Empire, Vijayanagara Empire, and other major kingdoms.
• Medieval Europe:
  • The rise of Christianity, the Middle Ages, the Renaissance, and the Reformation.

8.3. Modern History

• Modern India:
  • British colonialism, the Indian National Movement, and the partition of India.
• Modern Europe:
  • The French Revolution, the Industrial Revolution, World War I, and World War II.

8.4. World History

• Major Civilizations and Empires:
  • Ancient Egypt, Mesopotamia, China, and other major civilizations.
• Global Events and Movements:
  • The Cold War, the rise of globalization, and the impact of technology on society.

9. Geography

9.1. Physical Geography

• Geomorphology:
  • Landforms, weathering, erosion, and soil formation.
• Climatology:
  • Climate types, atmospheric circulation, and climate change.
• Oceanography:
  • Ocean currents, tides, and marine life.

9.2. Human Geography

• Population Geography:
  • Population distribution, population growth, and demographic trends.
• Economic Geography:
  • Economic activities, resource distribution, and trade patterns.
• Urban Geography:
  • Urbanization, urban planning, and urban problems.

9.3. India’s Geography

• Physical Features:
  • Mountains, plateaus, plains, and rivers.
• Climate:
  • Monsoon climate, rainfall patterns, and temperature variations.
• Natural Resources:
  • Minerals, forests, and water resources.

10. Political Science

10.1. Indian Polity

• Constitution of India:
  • Fundamental Rights, Directive Principles of State Policy, and Fundamental Duties.
• Political Institutions:
  • Parliament, President, Prime Minister, Judiciary, and Election Commission.
• Political System:
  • Federalism, secularism, and democracy.

10.2. Comparative Politics

• Political Systems:
  • Presidential systems, parliamentary systems, and other forms of government.
• Political Ideologies:
  • Liberalism, conservatism, socialism, and communism.
• International Relations:
  • Global politics, international organizations, and foreign policy.

11. Economics

11.1. Microeconomics

• Demand and Supply:
  • Law of demand, law of supply, and market equilibrium.
• Production and Costs:
  • Production function, costs of production, and economies of scale.
• Market Structures:
  • Perfect competition, monopoly, oligopoly, and monopolistic competition.

11.2. Macroeconomics

• National Income:
  • GDP, GNP, and national income accounting.
• Inflation and Unemployment:
  • Causes, effects, and policies to control inflation and unemployment.
• Money and Banking:
  • Monetary policy, central banking, and financial markets.

11.3. Indian Economy

• Economic Development:
  • Economic growth, poverty, inequality, and sustainable development.
• Economic Policies:
  • Fiscal policy, monetary policy, and industrial policy.
• International Trade:
  • Balance of payments, foreign exchange rates, and trade agreements.

12. Psychology

12.1. Foundations of Psychology

• History of Psychology:
  • Major schools of thought, key figures, and their contributions.
• Research Methods:
  • Scientific methods, experimental design, and data analysis.
• Biological Bases of Behavior:
  • Nervous system, brain structure, and neurotransmitters.

12.2. Cognitive Psychology

• Perception:
  • Sensation, attention, and perception.
• Memory:
  • Encoding, storage, retrieval, and types of memory.
• Thinking and Problem Solving:
  • Decision-making, reasoning, and creativity.

12.3. Developmental Psychology

• Lifespan Development:
  • Physical, cognitive, and social development across the lifespan.
• Child Development:
  • Theories of child development, stages of development, and social-emotional development.
• Adolescence and Adulthood:
  • Identity formation, relationships, and career development.

12.4. Social Psychology

• Social Influence:
  • Conformity, obedience, and persuasion.
• Attitudes and Beliefs:
  • Formation, change, and measurement of attitudes.
• Social Cognition:
  • Social perception, attribution theory, and stereotypes.

13. Sociology

13.1. Foundations of Sociology

• Sociological Theories:
  • Functionalism, conflict theory, symbolic interactionism, and feminist theory.
• Research Methods:
  • Qualitative research, quantitative research, and mixed methods.
• Social Structure:
  • Social groups, social institutions, and social stratification.

13.2. Social Change and Development

• Social Movements:
  • Types of social movements, causes, and consequences.
• Globalization and Development:
  • Impact of globalization on societies, development theories, and social inequalities.
• Social Problems:
  • Poverty, crime, inequality, and environmental degradation.

13.3. Indian Society

• Social Institutions:
  • Family, caste, religion, and education.
• Social Stratification:
  • Caste system, class structure, and gender inequality.
• Social Change:
  • Modernization, urbanization, and social reforms.

14. Commerce

14.1. Business Organisation and Management

• Business Environment:
  • Internal and external factors affecting business.
• Principles of Management:
  • Planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling.
• Business Organisation:
  • Forms of business organization, company law, and corporate governance.

14.2. Marketing Management

• Marketing Concepts:
  • Marketing mix, marketing environment, and consumer behavior.
• Marketing Strategies:
  • Product development, pricing strategies, promotion strategies, and distribution strategies.
• Marketing Research:
  • Market research techniques, data analysis, and market segmentation.

14.3. Financial Accounting

• Accounting Concepts and Principles:
  • Accounting standards, accounting cycle, and financial statements.
• Financial Statements Analysis:
  • Ratio analysis, trend analysis, and cash flow analysis.
• Cost Accounting:
  • Cost classification, cost accounting methods, and cost control.

15. Accountancy

15.1. Financial Accounting

• Accounting Concepts and Principles:
  • Accounting standards, accounting cycle, and financial statements.
• Financial Statements Analysis:
  • Ratio analysis, trend analysis, and cash flow analysis.
• Accounting for Special Transactions:
  • Accounting for partnerships, companies, and joint ventures.

15.2. Cost Accounting

• Cost Classification and Cost Accounting Methods:
  • Cost classification, cost accounting methods, and cost control.
• Costing Techniques:
  • Job costing, process costing, and activity-based costing.
• Cost Management:
  • Cost reduction, cost optimization, and cost-volume-profit analysis.

15.3. Management Accounting

• Management Accounting Concepts and Techniques:
  • Budgeting, performance measurement, and decision-making.
• Financial Analysis and Reporting:
  • Financial statements analysis, variance analysis, and profitability analysis.
• Strategic Management Accounting:
  • Cost leadership, differentiation, and value chain analysis.

16. Economics

16.1. Microeconomics

• Demand and Supply:
  • Law of demand, law of supply, and market equilibrium.
• Production and Costs:
  • Production function, costs of production, and economies of scale.
• Market Structures:
  • Perfect competition, monopoly, oligopoly, and monopolistic competition.

16.2. Macroeconomics

• National Income:
  • GDP, GNP, and national income accounting.
• Inflation and Unemployment:
  • Causes, effects, and policies to control inflation and unemployment.
• Money and Banking:
  • Monetary policy, central banking, and financial markets.

16.3. Indian Economy

• Economic Development:
  • Economic growth, poverty, inequality, and sustainable development.
• Economic Policies:
  • Fiscal policy, monetary policy, and industrial policy.
• International Trade:
  • Balance of payments, foreign exchange rates, and trade agreements.

17. Computer Science

17.1. Programming Fundamentals

• Programming Languages:
  • C, C++, Java, Python, and other popular programming languages.
• Data Structures and Algorithms:
  • Arrays, linked lists, stacks, queues, trees, graphs, and sorting and searching algorithms.
• Object-Oriented Programming:
  • Concepts of classes, objects, inheritance, polymorphism, and encapsulation.

17.2. Computer Architecture and Organization

• Computer System Architecture:
  • CPU, memory, input/output devices, and bus systems.
• Operating Systems:
  • Process management, memory management, file management, and security.
• Networking:
  • Network topologies, network protocols, and internetworking.

17.3. Database Management Systems

• Database Concepts:
  • Relational databases, SQL, database design, and normalization.
• Database Management Systems:
  • Oracle, MySQL, and other popular database management systems.
• Data Warehousing and Data Mining:
  • Data warehousing concepts, data mining techniques, and applications.

18. Physical Education

18.1. Anatomy and Physiology

• Human Anatomy:
  • Skeletal system, muscular system, and nervous system.
• Human Physiology:
  • Respiration, circulation, digestion, and excretion.
• Exercise Physiology:
  • Effects of exercise on the body, cardiovascular adaptations, and muscle adaptations.

18.2. Sports Training and Conditioning

• Training Principles:
  • Overload, progression, specificity, and reversibility.
• Training Methods:
  • Aerobic training, anaerobic training, strength training, and flexibility training.
• Sports Nutrition:
  • Importance of nutrition for athletes, macronutrients, and micronutrients.

18.3. Sports Psychology

• Motivation and Goal Setting:
  • Intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, and goal-setting strategies.
• Stress Management and Coping Skills:
  • Stress responses, coping mechanisms, and relaxation techniques.
• Performance Enhancement:
  • Mental imagery, self-talk, and concentration techniques.

18.4. Sports Pedagogy

• Teaching Methods:
  • Demonstration, explanation, practice, and feedback.
• Curriculum Development:
  • Planning, designing, and implementing physical education programs.
• Assessment and Evaluation:
  • Measuring student performance, evaluating programs, and providing feedback.

19. Music

19.1. Music Theory

• Elements of Music:
  • Pitch, rhythm, melody, harmony, and form.
• Scales and Keys:
  • Major scales, minor scales, and key signatures.
• Chords and Progressions:
  • Triads, seventh chords, and chord progressions.

19.2. History of Music

• Western Music:
  • Medieval music, Renaissance music, Baroque music, Classical music, Romantic music, and 20th-century music.
• Indian Music:
  • Hindustani music, Carnatic music, and other Indian musical traditions.

19.3. Music Performance

• Vocal Performance:
  • Singing techniques, vocal exercises, and repertoire.
• Instrumental Performance:
  • Playing techniques, instrument care, and repertoire.
• Ensemble Performance:
  • Performing in groups, ensemble techniques, and repertoire.

19.4. Music Education

• Teaching Methods:
  • Demonstration, explanation, practice, and feedback.
• Curriculum Development:
  • Planning, designing, and implementing music education programs.
• Assessment and Evaluation:
  • Measuring student performance, evaluating programs, and providing feedback.

20. Fine Arts

20.1. Drawing and Painting

• Drawing Techniques:
  • Pencil drawing, charcoal drawing, and other drawing media.
• Painting Techniques:
  • Watercolor painting, oil painting, acrylic painting, and other painting media.
• Art History:
  • Major art movements, artists, and their works.

20.2. Sculpture

• Sculpture Techniques:
  • Modeling, carving, casting, and other sculpture techniques.
• Sculpture Materials:
  • Clay, stone, metal, and other sculpture materials.
• Sculpture History:
  • Major sculpture movements, sculptors, and their works.

20.3. Art Appreciation

• Elements of Art:
  • Line, shape, form, color, texture, and space.
• Principles of Design:
  • Balance, contrast, emphasis, rhythm, unity, and variety.
• Art Criticism:
  • Analyzing and interpreting works of art.

20.4. Art Education

• Teaching Methods:
  • Demonstration, explanation, practice, and feedback.
• Curriculum Development:
  • Planning, designing, and implementing art education programs.
• Assessment and Evaluation:
  • Measuring student performance, evaluating programs, and providing feedback.

Table 1: Subject-wise Number of Questions in Paper II

Subject	Number of Questions
English	100
Hindi	100
Sanskrit	100
Mathematics	100
Physics	100
Chemistry	100
Biology	100
History	100
Geography	100
Political Science	100
Economics	100
Psychology	100
Sociology	100
Commerce	100
Accountancy	100
Computer Science	100
Physical Education	100
Music	100
Fine Arts	100

Table 2: Marking Scheme for Paper II

Subject	Marks per Question	Total Marks
All Subjects	1	100

Note: The syllabus and marking scheme are subject to change. Candidates are advised to refer to the official KVS website for the latest information.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) and Short Answers: KVS PGT Exam 2024

1. What is the exam pattern for the KVS PGT exam?

The exam consists of two papers: Paper I (General Knowledge and Teaching Aptitude) and Paper II (Subject Specific). Both papers are objective-type, with multiple-choice questions.

2. What is the duration of the KVS PGT exam?

Each paper is of 2 hours duration.

3. What is the syllabus for Paper I?

Paper I covers General Knowledge, Current Affairs, Reasoning, and Teaching Aptitude.

4. What is the syllabus for Paper II?

Paper II is subject-specific and covers the detailed syllabus for the chosen subject.

5. How many questions are there in each paper?

Each paper has 100 questions.

6. What is the marking scheme for the exam?

Each correct answer carries 1 mark, and there is no negative marking.

7. What is the eligibility criteria for the KVS PGT exam?

Candidates must have a postgraduate degree in the relevant subject with at least 50% marks.

8. How can I apply for the KVS PGT exam?

Applications are accepted online through the official KVS website.

9. What are the important dates for the KVS PGT exam?

The important dates for the exam are usually announced on the official KVS website.

10. What are some tips for preparing for the KVS PGT exam?

• Start your preparation early.
• Refer to the official syllabus and previous years’ question papers.
• Join a coaching class or online course.
• Practice mock tests regularly.
• Stay calm and focused during the exam.

11. What are the career prospects after clearing the KVS PGT exam?

Successful candidates are appointed as Post Graduate Teachers in Kendriya Vidyalayas across India.

12. What is the salary and benefits for KVS PGT teachers?

The salary and benefits for KVS PGT teachers are as per the Central Government pay scales.

13. What are the interview questions asked in the KVS PGT exam?

The interview questions are usually based on the candidate’s subject knowledge, teaching experience, and general awareness.

14. What are the documents required for the KVS PGT exam?

Candidates need to submit their educational qualifications, experience certificates, and other relevant documents as per the instructions given on the application form.

15. What are the important resources for preparing for the KVS PGT exam?

• Official KVS website
• Previous years’ question papers
• Coaching classes and online courses
• Subject-specific textbooks and reference materials
• Mock test series

Note: This is a general overview of the KVS PGT exam. Candidates are advised to refer to the official KVS website for the latest information and updates.