UPSC_CS MAINS 2016 Paper IV

Points to Remember: Key features of the Public Services Code as envisioned by the 2nd ARC. Emphasis on ethics, accountability, and efficiency. Mechanisms for implementation and enforcement. Challenges in implementation and potential solutions. Introduction: The Second Administrative Reforms Commission (2nd ARC), established in 2005, played a crucial role in recommending reforms for the Indian administrative … Read more

Points to Remember: Impartiality: Treating all individuals and groups equally, without bias or favoritism. Non-partisanship: Remaining neutral and objective, avoiding alignment with any political party or ideology. Public service: The provision of services to the public by government employees and agencies. Socio-political context: The current social and political environment, characterized by increasing polarization and distrust … Read more

This question requires an analytical approach, focusing on the “management and control” of an unspecified subject. To provide a complete answer, we need to know what “it” refers to. However, I will offer a framework applicable to a wide range of subjects, from environmental pollution to disease outbreaks to social unrest. The keywords are “managed” … Read more

Points to Remember: Anger’s physiological and psychological effects. Anger’s impact on personal relationships. Anger’s impact on professional life. Strategies for managing anger. The importance of emotional intelligence. Introduction: Anger, a potent emotion characterized by a strong feeling of annoyance, displeasure, or hostility, is a universal human experience. While a certain level of anger can be … Read more

This question requires an analytical approach, focusing on the causal link between an unspecified antecedent (which needs to be defined within the answer) and negative emotions and undesirable behaviors. The keywords are “negative emotions,” “undesirable behaviors,” and the implied causal relationship “leads to.” The answer will need to identify the antecedent and then analyze its … Read more

Points to Remember: Lack of critical thinking and independent thought. Emphasis on rote learning over understanding. Conformity and lack of dissent. Materialism and consumerism. Lack of social responsibility and civic engagement. Growing intolerance and prejudice. Introduction: India boasts a large and rapidly growing educated population. However, alongside the positive aspects of increased literacy and skill … Read more

Points to Remember: Identifying root causes of undesirable attitudes in civil servants. Implementing effective training programs and continuous professional development. Fostering a strong ethical culture within the civil service. Utilizing performance management systems to reinforce ethical conduct. Promoting transparency and accountability mechanisms. Engaging with civil society and the public to build trust. Introduction: The question … Read more

Points to Remember: The role of social norms in sanitation practices. The effectiveness of persuasive communication strategies. The importance of community engagement and leadership. The limitations of persuasion without infrastructural support. The need for a multi-pronged approach combining persuasion with tangible improvements. Introduction: Swachh Bharat Abhiyan (SBA), launched in 2014, is India’s flagship sanitation program … Read more

Keywords: Attitudes, values, family, social surroundings, unconscious influence, modern democratic society, egalitarian society, undesirable attitudes. Required Approach: Analytical Points to Remember: The significant role of family and social environment in shaping attitudes and values. The potential conflict between unconsciously acquired attitudes and the ideals of a modern democratic society. Strategies for fostering desirable attitudes and … Read more

Points to Remember: Ethics as a framework for moral decision-making. The impact of ethical behavior on social trust and cooperation. The link between ethical conduct and individual well-being. The role of ethical institutions in promoting social justice. Challenges in enforcing ethical standards and promoting ethical behavior. Introduction: Ethics, derived from the Greek word “ethos” meaning … Read more