UPSC_CS MAINS 2016 Paper I

Why are the tribals in India referred to as ‘the Scheduled Tribes’? Indicate the major provisions enshrined in the Constitution of India for their upliftment.

Points to Remember: The term “Scheduled Tribes” is a legal designation in India. The Constitution of India provides special provisions for the upliftment of Scheduled Tribes. These provisions aim to address historical injustices and promote their socio-economic development. Implementation challenges remain despite constitutional safeguards. Introduction: In India, the term “Scheduled Tribes” (STs) refers to tribal … Read more

With a brief background of quality of urban life in India, introduce the objectives and strategy of the ‘Smart City Programme.”

Points to Remember: Quality of urban life in India: Challenges like inadequate infrastructure, pollution, lack of access to basic services. Smart City Programme: Objectives – improving infrastructure, citizen services, sustainability. Strategy: Area-based development, technology integration, citizen participation. Introduction: The quality of urban life in India is a complex issue. Rapid urbanization has led to a … Read more

To what extent globalisation has influenced the core of cultural diversity in India? Explain.

Points to Remember: Globalization’s multifaceted impact on Indian cultural diversity. Positive and negative influences of globalization on cultural preservation and change. The role of technology, media, and migration in shaping cultural landscapes. The resilience of Indian culture and its adaptive capacity. Policy recommendations for safeguarding cultural diversity in a globalized world. Introduction: Globalization, the increasing … Read more

The anti-colonial struggles in West Africa were led by the new elite of Western-educated Africans. Examine.

Points to Remember: Role of Western-educated Africans in anti-colonial movements. Diverse nature of leadership and participation. Limitations and complexities of the “new elite” narrative. Impact of Western education on anti-colonial strategies. Other factors contributing to anti-colonial struggles. Introduction: The anti-colonial struggles in West Africa were complex and multifaceted, involving a diverse range of actors and … Read more

Has the formation of linguistic states strengthened the cause of Indian unity?

Points to Remember: Linguistic homogeneity vs. administrative efficiency. Impact on regional identities and national integration. Role of language in social cohesion and conflict. The evolution of linguistic states in India and their consequences. The balance between linguistic aspirations and national unity. Introduction: The formation of linguistic states in India, primarily following the States Reorganisation Act … Read more

Explain how the upraising of 1857 constitutes an important watershed in the evolution of British policies towards colonial India.

Points to Remember: The 1857 Uprising’s impact on British policies in India. Shift from Company rule to Crown rule. Changes in administrative, military, and economic policies. Long-term consequences for Indian society and politics. Introduction: The Sepoy Mutiny or the Indian Rebellion of 1857 marks a pivotal moment in the history of British India. While simmering … Read more

Discuss the role of women in the freedom struggle especially during the Gandhian phase.

Points to Remember: Women’s participation across various levels of the freedom struggle. Gandhi’s philosophy and its impact on women’s involvement. Key women leaders and their contributions. Challenges faced by women participants. Long-term impact of women’s participation on Indian society. Introduction: The Indian freedom struggle was not solely a male endeavor; women played a crucial, albeit … Read more

Highlight the differences in the approach of Subhash Chandra Bose and Mahatma Gandhi in the struggle for freedom.

Points to Remember: Differing philosophies: Gandhi’s approach was based on non-violent resistance (Satyagraha), while Bose favored a more aggressive, even militaristic approach. Methods of struggle: Gandhi focused on mass mobilization and civil disobedience, while Bose explored alliances with Axis powers and military action. Target audience: Gandhi primarily targeted the British government and the Indian masses … Read more

Early Buddhist Stupa-art, while depicting folk motifs and narratives, successfully expounds Buddhist ideals. Elucidate.

Keywords: Early Buddhist Stupa-art, folk motifs, narratives, Buddhist ideals, elucidate. Required Approach: Analytical Points to Remember: Stupa architecture as a medium for Buddhist propagation. Integration of folk elements for wider appeal. Depiction of Jataka tales and Buddhist philosophy in art. Symbolism and its role in conveying Buddhist ideals. Regional variations in Stupa art and their … Read more

Krishnadeva Raya, the king of Vijayanagar, was not only an accomplished scholar himself but was also a great patron of learning and literature. Discuss.

Points to Remember: Krishnadeva Raya’s scholarship and literary achievements. His patronage of various scholars and literary works. The flourishing of Telugu and Sanskrit literature during his reign. The establishment of educational institutions and libraries. The impact of his patronage on the cultural landscape of Vijayanagara. Introduction: Krishnadeva Raya (1509-1529 CE), the most celebrated ruler of … Read more

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