UPSC_CS MAINS 2013 Paper III

Establish relationship between land reforms, agricultural productivity and elimination of poverty in the Indian economy. Discuss the difficulties in designing and implementation of agriculture–friendly land reforms in India.

Points to Remember: Land reforms aim to redistribute land ownership, improve land tenure security, and enhance agricultural productivity. Increased agricultural productivity contributes to poverty reduction through higher incomes and employment. Implementation of land reforms in India has faced numerous challenges, including political resistance, bureaucratic inefficiencies, and social complexities. Introduction: Land reforms, encompassing measures to redistribute … Read more

What are the different types of agriculture subsidies given to farmers at the national and at state levels? Critically analyse the agricultural subsidy regime with reference to the distortions created by it.

Points to Remember: Types of agricultural subsidies at national and state levels. Distortions caused by agricultural subsidies. Critical analysis of the subsidy regime. Policy recommendations for improvement. Introduction: Agricultural subsidies are government interventions aimed at supporting farmers and boosting agricultural production. These interventions can take many forms, impacting everything from input costs to output prices. … Read more

India needs to strengthen measures to promote the pink revolution in food industry for ensuring better nutrition and health. Critically elucidate the statement.

Points to Remember: Pink Revolution: Focus on the production and processing of meat and poultry. Nutrition and Health: Improved protein intake and overall dietary quality. Strengthening Measures: Identifying and addressing bottlenecks in the meat and poultry industry. Critical Elucidation: Balanced analysis of the benefits and challenges of promoting the pink revolution in India. Introduction: The … Read more

What is the meaning of the term ‘tax expenditure’? Taking housing sector as an example, discuss how it influences the budgetary policies of the government.

Points to Remember: Definition of tax expenditure. Impact of tax expenditures on government budgets. Examples of tax expenditures in the housing sector. Influence of housing-related tax expenditures on budgetary policies. Potential positive and negative consequences. Introduction: Tax expenditure refers to the revenue forgone by the government as a result of tax reliefs, exemptions, deductions, or … Read more

Food Security Bill is expected to eliminate hunger and malnutrition in India. Critically discussvarious apprehensions in its effective implementation along with the concerns it has generated in WTO.

Points to Remember: The Food Security Act aims to eradicate hunger and malnutrition. Effective implementation faces numerous challenges. The Act has raised concerns within the WTO framework. Introduction: The National Food Security Act, 2013 (NFSA), is a landmark legislation aimed at ensuring food security for a significant portion of India’s population. It guarantees subsidized food … Read more

Discuss the rationale for introducing the Goods and Services Tax (GST) in India. Bring outcritically the reasons for the delay in roll out for its regime.

Points to Remember: Rationale for GST: Simplified tax structure, increased efficiency, reduced cascading effect, improved tax compliance, enhanced revenue collection. Reasons for Delay: Complexities of federal structure, political consensus challenges, technological preparedness, resistance from states, lack of awareness among businesses. Introduction: The Goods and Services Tax (GST) is a comprehensive, indirect tax levied on the … Read more

With a consideration towards the strategy of inclusive growth, the new Companies Bill, 2013 has indirectly made CSR a mandatory obligation. Discuss the challenges expected in its implementation in right earnest. Also discuss other provisions in the Bill and their implications.

Points to Remember: Mandatory CSR under the Companies Act, 2013. Challenges in implementation of mandatory CSR. Other provisions of the Companies Act, 2013 and their implications. Inclusive growth strategy. Introduction: The Companies Act, 2013, introduced a significant shift in corporate governance in India by mandating Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) for companies meeting specific criteria. This … Read more

What were the reasons for the introduction of Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management (FRBM) Act, 2003? Discuss critically its salient features and their effectiveness.

Points to Remember: Reasons for FRBM Act: Fiscal indiscipline, high fiscal deficits, unsustainable debt levels, and macroeconomic instability. Salient Features: Fiscal deficit targets, debt management targets, transparency and accountability mechanisms. Effectiveness: Mixed results; success in reducing fiscal deficit and debt, but challenges remain in achieving fiscal sustainability and addressing structural issues. Introduction: The Fiscal Responsibility … Read more

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