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Q: Explain the constitutional perspectives of Gender Justice with the help of relevant Constitutional Provisions and case laws.

Points to Remember: Fundamental Rights guaranteeing equality and non-discrimination. Directive Principles of State Policy promoting gender equality. Judicial pronouncements shaping the interpretation and application of gender justice principles. Limitations and challenges in achieving gender justice. Introduction: Gender justice, encompassing the fair and equitable treatment of all genders, is a fundamental human right. The Indian Constitution, … Read more

Q: “The Constitution of India is a living instrument with capabilities of enormous dynamism. It is a constitution made for a progressive society.” Illustrate with special reference to the expanding horizons of the right to life and personal liberty.

Keywords: Constitution of India, living instrument, dynamism, progressive society, right to life, personal liberty. Required Approach: Primarily analytical, with elements of factual illustration. Points to Remember: The Constitution’s adaptability to changing societal needs. Judicial interpretations expanding the scope of fundamental rights. The evolving understanding of “right to life” and “personal liberty.” Challenges in balancing individual … Read more

Q: Who are entitled to receive free legal aid? Assess the role of National Legal Services Authority (NALSA) in rendering free legal aid in India.

Points to Remember: Eligibility criteria for free legal aid in India. NALSA’s role in providing and regulating free legal aid. Challenges faced by NALSA and the free legal aid system. Suggestions for improvement and future directions. Introduction: Access to justice is a fundamental human right, enshrined in Article 39A of the Indian Constitution. This article … Read more

Bring out the causes for the formation of heat islands in the urban habitat of the world.

Points to Remember: Increased impervious surfaces (concrete, asphalt) Reduced vegetation cover Anthropogenic heat generation Building geometry and material properties Meteorological factors (wind patterns, solar radiation) Urban canyon effect Introduction: Urban heat islands (UHIs) are a significant environmental challenge in global urban areas. A UHI is a metropolitan area that is significantly warmer than its surrounding … Read more

It is said the India has substantial reserves of shale oil and gas, which can feed the needs of country for quarter century. However, tapping of the resources doesn’t appear to be high on the agenda. Discuss critically the availability and issues involved.

Points to Remember: India’s shale oil and gas reserves. Potential benefits of exploitation. Challenges hindering exploitation. Environmental concerns. Economic viability. Policy implications. Introduction: India possesses significant reserves of shale oil and gas, estimated to be substantial enough to potentially meet the nation’s energy needs for a considerable period. However, the extraction and utilization of these … Read more

With growing scarcity of fossil fuels, the atomic energy is gaining more and more significance in India. Discuss the availability of raw material required for the generation of atomic energy in India and in the world.

Points to Remember: Availability of Uranium and Thorium in India and globally. Technological advancements and their impact on resource utilization. Environmental concerns associated with nuclear energy. International collaborations and their role in securing resources. Future prospects of nuclear energy and resource management. Introduction: The dwindling reserves of fossil fuels and the growing concerns about climate … Read more

Analyse the factors for highly decentralized cotton textile industry in India.

Points to Remember: High degree of decentralization in India’s cotton textile industry. Factors contributing to decentralization: raw material availability, labor costs, technology, market access, government policies. Both advantages and disadvantages of decentralization. Need for a balanced approach to further development. Introduction: India boasts the world’s second-largest cotton textile industry, renowned for its decentralized structure. Unlike … Read more

Do you agree that there is a growing trend of opening new sugar mills in the Southern states of India?Discuss with justification.

Points to Remember: Current status of sugar mills in South India. Factors driving potential expansion (e.g., sugarcane production, government policies, market demand). Challenges hindering expansion (e.g., land acquisition, water scarcity, environmental concerns). Comparative analysis with other Indian regions. Future outlook and sustainability considerations. Introduction: The Indian sugar industry is a significant contributor to the national … Read more

Bringout the causes for more frequent landslides in the Himalayas than in Western Ghats.

Keywords: Landslides, Himalayas, Western Ghats, causes, frequency. Required Approach: Primarily factual and analytical, drawing upon geographical and geological data to explain the differences in landslide frequency. Points to Remember: Geological Differences: Rock type, age, and structure. Geomorphological Factors: Slope angle, topography, and drainage patterns. Climatic Conditions: Rainfall intensity and duration, snowmelt. Human Activities: Deforestation, road … Read more