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Examine critically the recent changes in the rule governing foreign funding of NGOs under the Foreign Contribution (Regulation) Act (FCRA), 1976.

Points to Remember: FCRA amendments of 2020 Restrictions on foreign funding for NGOs Impact on NGO operations and civil society Compliance challenges and concerns Constitutional implications and debates Introduction: The Foreign Contribution (Regulation) Act (FCRA), 1976, governs the acceptance and utilization of foreign funds by Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) in India. Recent amendments, primarily those enacted … Read more

‘The emergence of Self-Help Groups(SHGs) in contemporary times points to the slow but steady withdrawal of the state from developmental activities’. Examine the role of the SHGs in developmental activities and the measures taken by the Government of India to promote the SHGs.

Points to Remember: Definition of SHGs: Self-Help Groups are village-based financial intermediaries composed of 10-20 women from similar socio-economic backgrounds. Role of SHGs: Poverty alleviation, financial inclusion, women’s empowerment, skill development, and community development. Government’s Role: Policy support, financial assistance, capacity building, and institutional linkages. Limitations of SHGs: Sustainability challenges, limited reach, potential for exploitation, … Read more

“Micro-Finance as an anti-poverty vaccine, is aimed at asset creation and income security of the rural poor in India”. Evaluate the role of the Self-Help Groups in achieving the twin objectives along with empowering women in rural India.

Points to Remember: Microfinance’s role in poverty reduction. Self-Help Groups (SHGs) as a microfinance delivery mechanism. Asset creation and income security as objectives. Women’s empowerment in rural India. Challenges and limitations of the approach. Introduction: Microfinance, the provision of financial services to low-income individuals or groups, is often touted as a potent tool for poverty … Read more

Can the vicious cycle of gender inequality, poverty and malnutrition be broken through microfinancing of women SHGs? Explain with examples.

Points to Remember: The interconnectedness of gender inequality, poverty, and malnutrition. The role of women’s Self-Help Groups (SHGs) in poverty alleviation. The potential and limitations of microfinance in addressing these issues. Examples of successful and unsuccessful microfinance initiatives. Policy recommendations for enhancing the effectiveness of microfinance for women. Introduction: Gender inequality, poverty, and malnutrition form … Read more

The basis of providing urban amenities in rural areas (PURA) is rooted in establishing connectivity Comment.

Points to Remember: PURA’s core principle: Bridging the urban-rural divide through connectivity. Types of connectivity: Physical infrastructure, digital infrastructure, market access, social connectivity. Challenges in implementing PURA: Funding, governance, technological limitations, social resistance. Success factors: Community participation, integrated planning, sustainable development. Introduction: The Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY) and other rural infrastructure initiatives highlight … Read more

Q. The crucial aspect of development process has been the inadequate attention paid to Human Resource Development in India. Suggest measures that can address this inadequacy.

Keywords: Human Resource Development (HRD), India, inadequacy, measures, development process. Required Approach: Analytical, with a focus on suggesting solutions. Points to Remember: India’s development challenges are significantly linked to HRD shortcomings. HRD encompasses education, skill development, healthcare, and social empowerment. Addressing HRD inadequacy requires multi-pronged strategies involving government, private sector, and individuals. Sustainable development necessitates … Read more

Q. E-governance, as a critical tool of governance, has ushered in effectiveness, transparency and accountability in governments. What inadequacies hamper the enhancement of these features?

Points to Remember: E-governance aims to improve effectiveness, transparency, and accountability in government. Despite its potential, e-governance faces several inadequacies. These inadequacies hinder the full realization of e-governance’s benefits. Addressing these inadequacies requires a multi-pronged approach. Introduction: E-governance, the application of information and communication technologies (ICTs) to government functions, promises to revolutionize public administration. By … Read more

Do you agree with the view that increasing dependence on donor agencies for development reduces the importance of community participation in the development process? Justify your answer.

Points to Remember: The relationship between donor agency dependence and community participation in development. Potential negative impacts of donor dependence on local ownership and sustainability. The importance of community participation for effective and equitable development. Strategies to balance donor funding with community-led initiatives. Introduction: The question of whether increasing dependence on donor agencies for development … Read more

Can Civil Society and Non-Governmental Organizations present an alternative model of public service delivery to benefit the common citizen? Discuss the challenges of this alternative model.

Points to Remember: Role of Civil Society Organizations (CSOs) and Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) Alternative models of public service delivery Advantages and disadvantages of CSO/NGO involvement Challenges faced by CSOs/NGOs in public service delivery Sustainability and scalability of alternative models Policy recommendations for effective collaboration Introduction: Civil society organizations (CSOs) and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) represent a … Read more

Electronic cash transfer system for the welfare schemes is an ambitious project to minimize corruption, eliminate wastage and facilitate reforms Comment.

Points to Remember: Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) aims to improve efficiency and transparency in welfare schemes. Challenges include technological limitations, digital literacy gaps, and exclusion of vulnerable populations. Success depends on robust infrastructure, effective monitoring, and continuous improvement. Introduction: The Electronic Cash Transfer (ECT) system, often referred to as Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT), is a … Read more