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Explain the difference between computing methodology of India’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) before the year 2015 and after the year 2015.

Points to Remember: Pre-2015 GDP Calculation: Based on the factor cost method, with limitations in data collection and coverage. Post-2015 GDP Calculation: Shifted to the market price method, incorporating a wider range of economic activities and improved data collection techniques. Key Changes: Methodology shift, base year revision, and improved data collection. Impact: Significant increase in … Read more

What is the status of digitalization in the Indian economy? Examine the problems faced in this regard and suggest improvements.

Points to Remember: Current state of digitalization in India. Challenges hindering digital adoption. Potential solutions and policy recommendations. Focus on inclusive and sustainable digital growth. Introduction: India’s digital transformation is a story of remarkable progress and persistent challenges. While the country boasts the second-largest internet user base globally, with over 800 million users as of … Read more

Faster economic growth requires increased share of the manufacturing sector in GDP, particularly of MSMEs. Comment on the present policies of the Government in this regard.

Points to Remember: The role of the manufacturing sector, especially MSMEs, in GDP growth. Current government policies aimed at boosting the manufacturing sector and MSMEs. Strengths and weaknesses of these policies. Suggestions for improvement and future policy directions. Introduction: Faster economic growth is a primary objective for most nations. A significant contributor to this growth … Read more

The World Bank and the IMF, collectively known as the Bretton Woods Institutions, are the two inter-governmental pillars supporting the structure of the world’s economic and financial order. Superficially, the World Bank and the IMF exhibit many common characteristics, yet their role, functions and mandate are distinctly different. Elucidate.

Points to Remember: World Bank’s primary focus: Poverty reduction and economic development through loans and assistance. IMF’s primary focus: Global monetary stability and financial assistance to countries facing balance of payment crises. Both are international organizations with a shared history but distinct mandates. Overlapping areas exist, particularly in crisis management. Criticisms exist regarding both institutions’ … Read more

WTO is an important international institution where decisions taken affect countries in a profound manner. What is the mandate of WTO and how binding are their decisions? Critically analyse India’s stand on the latest round of talks on Food security.

Points to Remember: WTO’s mandate: Regulation of international trade, dispute settlement. Binding nature of WTO decisions: Generally binding, but with exceptions and appeals processes. India’s stand on food security: Balancing national food security needs with WTO obligations. Critical analysis: Examining both the advantages and disadvantages of India’s position. Introduction: The World Trade Organization (WTO) is … Read more

What are the main functions of the United Nations Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC)? Explain different functional commissions attached to it.

Points to Remember: ECOSOC’s primary role is coordinating economic and social work within the UN system. It achieves this through functional commissions, expert bodies, and intergovernmental forums. Understanding the functions of the various commissions is key to grasping ECOSOC’s overall impact. Introduction: The United Nations Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) is one of the six … Read more

“The broader aims and objectives of WTO are to manage and promote international trade in the era of globalization. But the Doha round of negotiations seem doomed due to differences between the developed and the developing countries.” Discuss in the Indian perspective.

Points to Remember: WTO’s aims and objectives. Doha Round negotiations and its failure. Developed vs. Developing country differences. Indian perspective on the WTO and Doha Round. Potential solutions and way forward. Introduction: The World Trade Organization (WTO), established in 1995, is an intergovernmental organization regulating international trade. Its primary objective is to liberalize trade through … Read more

What are the aims and objectives of the McBride Commission of the UNESCO? What is India’s position on these?

Points to Remember: Aims and objectives of the McBride Commission. India’s stance on the Commission’s recommendations. The context of the New World Information and Communication Order (NWICO). Introduction: The McBride Commission, officially known as the International Commission for the Study of Communication Problems, was established by UNESCO in 1977. Its mandate was to investigate the … Read more

Discuss the impediments India is facing in its pursuit of a permanent seat in UNSC.

Points to Remember: Geopolitical realities: India’s bid is hampered by existing power dynamics and veto-wielding permanent members’ resistance. Regional rivalries: Tensions with Pakistan and China significantly impact India’s international standing. Reform of the UNSC: The process itself is slow and complex, lacking a clear consensus on expansion criteria. Internal factors: India’s own foreign policy approach … Read more

What are the key areas of reform if the WTO has to survive in the present context of ‘Trade War’,especially keeping in mind the interest of India?

Points to Remember: WTO’s relevance amidst trade wars. Specific reform areas needed. India’s interests within WTO reforms. Introduction: The World Trade Organization (WTO), established in 1995, aims to regulate international trade and ensure a fair and predictable trading system. However, the rise of protectionist policies and “trade wars,” particularly between the US and China, has … Read more

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