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Livestock rearing has a big potential for providing non-farm employment and income in rural areas. Discuss suggesting suitable measures to promote this sector in India.

Points to Remember: High potential of livestock rearing for rural employment and income generation. Challenges hindering the sector’s growth in India. Suitable measures for promotion, including policy interventions and technological advancements. Emphasis on sustainable and inclusive growth. Introduction: Livestock rearing plays a vital role in India’s rural economy, providing livelihoods for millions. It contributes significantly … Read more

Give the vulnerability of Indian agriculture to vagaries of nature, discuss the need for crop insurance and bring out the salient features of the Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY).

Points to Remember: Vulnerability of Indian agriculture to natural calamities. Need for crop insurance in India. Salient features of Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY). Benefits and limitations of PMFBY. Suggestions for improvement. Introduction: Indian agriculture, the backbone of the Indian economy, employing over half of the workforce, remains highly vulnerable to the vagaries of … Read more

How do subsidies affect the cropping pattern, crop diversity and economy of farmers? What is the significance of crop insurance, minimum support price and food processing for small and marginal farmers?

Keywords: Subsidies, cropping pattern, crop diversity, farmer economy, crop insurance, minimum support price (MSP), food processing, small and marginal farmers. Required Approach: Analytical (examining the effects of various policies on farmers) and Factual (using data and evidence to support claims). Points to Remember: Impact of subsidies on cropping patterns (specialization vs. diversification). Effect of subsidies … Read more

Assess the role of National Horticulture Mission (NHM) in boosting the production, productivity and income of horticulture farms. How far has it succeeded in increasing the income of farmers?

Points to Remember: National Horticulture Mission (NHM): A centrally sponsored scheme aimed at boosting horticulture production, productivity, and farmer income. Key Objectives: Increased production, improved productivity, enhanced farmer income, and improved market access. Success Measurement: Assessing the impact on production, productivity, and farmer income requires analyzing data on yields, prices, and farmer incomes before and … Read more

Explain various types of revolutions, took place in Agriculture after Independence in India. How these revolutions have helped in poverty alleviation and food security in India?

Points to Remember: Green Revolution White Revolution Blue Revolution Yellow Revolution Golden Revolution Impact on poverty and food security Challenges and limitations Introduction: Post-independence India faced the daunting challenge of feeding a burgeoning population. The agricultural sector, largely traditional and characterized by low productivity, was the primary source of livelihood for a vast majority. To … Read more

What are the reformative steps taken by the Government to make food grain distribution system more effective?

Points to Remember: Increased Transparency: Measures to enhance accountability and reduce corruption. Improved Targeting: Mechanisms to ensure food reaches the most vulnerable. Technological Integration: Use of technology to streamline processes and improve efficiency. Strengthened Infrastructure: Investments in storage, transportation, and distribution networks. Empowerment of Beneficiaries: Involving beneficiaries in the process to improve ownership and accountability. … Read more

What are the salient features of the National Food Security Act 2013? How has the Food security Bill helped in eliminating hunger and malnutrition in India?

Points to Remember: Key features of the National Food Security Act, 2013 (NFSA). Impact of NFSA on hunger and malnutrition in India – both positive and negative aspects. Assessment of the effectiveness of the Act. Suggestions for improvement. Introduction: The National Food Security Act, 2013 (NFSA), is a landmark legislation aimed at ensuring food security … Read more

What are the major challenges of Public Distribution System (PDS) in India? How can it be made effective and transparent?

Points to Remember: Inefficiencies in targeting beneficiaries. Corruption and leakages at various levels. Poor infrastructure and logistics. Lack of transparency and accountability. Inadequate storage and transportation facilities. Issues with quality and quantity of supplies. Introduction: The Public Distribution System (PDS) in India is a crucial government program aimed at ensuring food security for the most … Read more

In the view of the declining average size of land holdings in India which has made agriculture non–viable for a majority of farmers should contract farming and land leasing be promoted in agriculture? critically evaluate the pros and cons.

Points to Remember: Declining average land holdings in India. Non-viability of agriculture for many farmers. Contract farming. Land leasing. Pros and cons of both approaches. Policy recommendations. Introduction: The average size of land holdings in India has been steadily declining, leading to the marginalization of a significant portion of the farming community. This shrinking land … Read more

What is allelopathy? Discuss its role in major cropping systems of irrigated agriculture.

Points to Remember: Definition and mechanism of allelopathy. Types of allelochemicals and their effects. Role of allelopathy in major irrigated cropping systems (positive and negative impacts). Management strategies for harnessing beneficial and mitigating negative effects. Introduction: Allelopathy, derived from the Greek words “allelo” (meaning “of each other”) and “pathy” (meaning “to suffer”), refers to the … Read more