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What are the determinants of left-wing extremism in Eastern part of India? What strategy should Government of India, civil administration and security forces adopt to counter the threat in the affected areas?

Points to Remember: Determinants of Left-Wing Extremism (LWE): Socio-economic factors, political grievances, historical injustices, state response, and organizational factors. Counter-LWE Strategy: Multi-pronged approach combining development, security, and governance reforms. Emphasis on community engagement, addressing root causes, and strengthening institutions. Introduction: Left-Wing Extremism (LWE) in Eastern India, primarily driven by Maoist insurgent groups, poses a significant … Read more

Naxalism is a social, economic and developmental issue manifesting as a violent internal security threat. In this context, discuss the emerging issues gets a multilayered strategy to tackle the menace of Naxalism.

Points to Remember: Naxalism’s multifaceted nature: social, economic, developmental, and security dimensions. The need for a multi-layered strategy. Addressing root causes alongside security measures. Importance of inclusive development and good governance. The role of various stakeholders (government, civil society, local communities). Introduction: Naxalism, also known as the Maoist insurgency, is a complex socio-political phenomenon in … Read more

Winning of ‘Hearts and Minds’ in terrorism-affected areas is an essential step in restoring the trust of the population. Discuss the measures adopted by the Government in this respect as part of the conflict resolution in Jammu and Kashmir.

Points to Remember: Winning hearts and minds (WHM) is crucial for counter-terrorism and conflict resolution. Trust-building is paramount in restoring normalcy in terrorism-affected areas. Government measures in Jammu & Kashmir (J&K) should be analyzed for their effectiveness. A balanced perspective considering both successes and failures is necessary. Introduction: The phrase “winning hearts and minds” (WHM) … Read more

Bringing out the circumstances in 2005 which forced amendment to the section 3(d) in Indian Patent Law, 1970, discuss how it has been utilized by the Supreme Court in its judgement in rejecting Novartis’ patent application for ‘Glivec’. Discuss briefly the pros and cons of the decision.

Points to Remember: Amendments to Section 3(d) of the Indian Patents Act, 1970 in 2005. Circumstances leading to the amendment. Supreme Court’s judgment in Novartis’ Glivec patent application. Pros and cons of the Supreme Court’s decision. Introduction: The Indian Patents Act, 1970, underwent a significant amendment in 2005, primarily affecting Section 3(d), which deals with … Read more

In a globalized world, Intellectual Property Rights assume significance and are a source of litigation. Broadly distinguish between the terms—Copyrights, Patents and Trade Secrets.

Points to Remember: Intellectual Property Rights (IPR): Legal rights granted to the creators of original works of the mind. Copyright: Protects original creative works (literary, artistic, musical). Patents: Protect inventions (processes, machines, compositions of matter). Trade Secrets: Protect confidential information providing a competitive edge. Globalization’s Impact: Increased cross-border transactions necessitate strong IPR protection. Litigation: Disputes … Read more

Discuss the advantage and security implication of cloud hosting of servers vis-a-vis in house machine-based hosting for government business.

Points to Remember: Advantages of cloud hosting: cost-effectiveness, scalability, accessibility, flexibility, disaster recovery. Security implications of cloud hosting: data breaches, vendor lock-in, compliance issues, lack of control, single point of failure. Advantages of in-house hosting: greater control, enhanced security (potentially), better compliance management. Security implications of in-house hosting: higher initial investment, limited scalability, maintenance challenges, … Read more

What are the areas of prohibitive labour that can be sustainably managed by robots? Discuss the initiatives that can propel the research in premier research institutes for substantive and gainful innovation.

Points to Remember: Identify areas of prohibitive labor suitable for robotic automation. Discuss sustainability aspects of robotic solutions in labor. Propose initiatives to boost relevant research in premier institutes. Focus on substantive and gainful innovation. Introduction: Prohibitive labor refers to tasks that are dangerous, repetitive, physically demanding, or otherwise unsuitable for human workers. These tasks … Read more

What do you understand by “Standard Positioning System” and “Precision positioning system” in the GPS era? Discuss the advantage India perceives from its ambitious IRNSS programme employing just seven satellites.

Points to Remember: Standard Positioning System (SPS): Provides less accurate positioning data, freely available to the public. Precision Positioning System (PPS): Offers higher accuracy positioning data, often requiring authentication and authorization. IRNSS (Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System): India’s independent navigation system, offering both SPS and PPS capabilities. Advantages of IRNSS: Sovereignty, regional coverage, enhanced accuracy … Read more

Why is nanotechnology one of the key technologies of the 21st century? Describe the salient features of India Government’s Mission on Nan science and Technology and the scope of its application in the development process of the country.

Points to Remember: Nanotechnology’s unique properties and applications across diverse sectors. India’s Nanomaterials Science and Technology Initiative (NSTI) and its objectives. Scope of nanotechnology in India’s development – economic growth, societal impact, and challenges. Introduction: Nanotechnology, the manipulation of matter at the atomic and molecular scale (1-100 nanometers), is revolutionizing numerous fields. Its ability to … Read more

India has achieved remarkable successes in unmanned space missions including the Chandrayaan and Mars Orbiter Mission, but has not ventured into manned space mission, both in terms of technology and logistics? Explain critically.

Points to Remember: India’s success in unmanned space missions. Lack of a manned space mission program. Technological and logistical challenges. Economic considerations. International collaborations. Future prospects for a manned space mission. Introduction: India’s space program, overseen by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), has garnered international acclaim for its cost-effective and technologically advanced unmanned missions. … Read more

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