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Points to Remember: Definition and categorization of cybercrimes. Examples of each type of cybercrime. Preventive measures at individual, organizational, and governmental levels. Legal frameworks and international cooperation. Technological solutions and advancements. Introduction: Cybercrime, encompassing illegal activities committed using computers and the internet, has become a pervasive global threat. The rapid expansion of digital technologies and … Read more

Points to Remember: Key aspects of the Justice B.N. Srikrishna Committee Report on data protection. Strengths of the Report in safeguarding personal data. Weaknesses and shortcomings of the Report. Recommendations for improvement. Introduction: The digital revolution has ushered in an era of unprecedented data generation and exchange. This has, however, been accompanied by a surge … Read more

Points to Remember: Types of cyberattacks (malware, phishing, DDoS, etc.) Vulnerabilities exploited in cyberattacks (software flaws, human error, weak passwords) Components of a robust cybersecurity framework (prevention, detection, response, recovery) Role of technology, policies, and human awareness in cybersecurity. National and international cooperation in cybersecurity. Introduction: Cyberattacks pose a significant threat to individuals, businesses, and … Read more

Points to Remember: Emerging technologies facilitate anonymous transactions and cross-border movement of funds. Globalization increases the complexity of financial systems, making it harder to track illicit flows. National and international cooperation is crucial to combat money laundering effectively. Technological solutions and regulatory frameworks are essential for prevention and detection. Introduction: Money laundering, the process of … Read more

Points to Remember: Internal security threats in India are multifaceted, encompassing terrorism, insurgency, communal violence, cybercrime, and left-wing extremism. Central intelligence and investigative agencies play a crucial role in gathering intelligence, conducting investigations, and coordinating counter-terrorism efforts. Effective counter-terrorism strategies require a multi-pronged approach involving intelligence gathering, law enforcement, and addressing the root causes of … Read more

Points to Remember: Key elements of cybersecurity: Confidentiality, Integrity, Availability (CIA triad), Authentication, Authorization, Non-repudiation. Challenges in cybersecurity: Increasing sophistication of cyberattacks, evolving threat landscape, lack of skilled professionals, legal and regulatory frameworks. India’s National Cyber Security Strategy: Assessment of its strengths and weaknesses, focusing on implementation and effectiveness. Introduction: Cybersecurity encompasses the practices and … Read more

Points to Remember: Cross-border cyberattacks pose a significant threat to India’s internal security. These attacks can target critical infrastructure, financial institutions, and government agencies. Effective defensive measures require a multi-layered approach involving technological, legal, and human resources. Introduction: India’s internal security landscape is increasingly threatened by cross-border cyberattacks. These attacks, originating from state and non-state … Read more

Points to Remember: India’s vast coastline and strategic maritime location present unique security challenges. Maritime security encompasses various threats, including piracy, smuggling, terrorism, and illegal fishing. Addressing these challenges requires a multi-pronged approach involving organizational restructuring, technological advancements, and improved procedures. Introduction: India’s maritime domain, encompassing a coastline of over 7,500 km and a vast … Read more

Points to Remember: Definition of airspace and its legal boundaries. Implications of state sovereignty over airspace on the space above. Challenges posed by this sovereignty, including space debris and satellite collisions. Potential solutions and international cooperation mechanisms. Introduction: International civil aviation law, primarily governed by the Chicago Convention of 1944, establishes the principle of complete … Read more

Points to Remember: The International Maritime Organisation (IMO) shifted the longitudinal marking for high-risk piracy areas in the Arabian Sea. This shift impacts India’s maritime security concerns significantly. The impact needs to be analyzed from various perspectives: strategic, economic, and operational. Introduction: Maritime piracy poses a significant threat to global trade and maritime security. The … Read more