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“Refugees should not be turned back to the country where they would face persecution or human right violation.” Examine the statement with reference to ethical dimension being violated by the nation claiming to be democratic with open society.

Points to Remember: Non-refoulement principle: International law prohibits returning refugees to places where they face danger. Ethical dimensions: Turning back refugees violates fundamental human rights and contradicts democratic ideals. Democratic values: Open societies uphold human rights, inclusivity, and the rule of law. Consequences: Refoulement has severe humanitarian and legal repercussions. Introduction: The statement “Refugees should … Read more

The will to power exists, but it can be tamed and be guided by rationality and principles of moral duty.’ Examine this statement in the context of international relations.

Points to Remember: The “will to power” in international relations: pursuit of national interests, often at the expense of others. Rationality and moral duty in IR: constraints on power, international law, diplomacy, cooperation. Taming the will to power: mechanisms for conflict resolution, international institutions, norms. Examples of both untamed and tamed will to power in … Read more

“The current internet expansion has instilled a different set of cultural values which are often in conflict with traditional values.’ Discuss.

Points to Remember: The impact of the internet on cultural values. Conflict between traditional and internet-driven values. Examples of conflicting values. Potential positive and negative consequences. Strategies for navigating this cultural shift. Introduction: The rapid expansion of the internet has profoundly impacted societies globally, transforming communication, information access, and social interaction. This digital revolution has … Read more

“Education is not an injunction; it is an effective and pervasive tool for all round development of an individual and social transformation”. Examine the New Education Policy, 2020 (NEP, 2020) in light of the above statement.

Keywords: Education, New Education Policy 2020 (NEP 2020), all-round development, social transformation, injunction, effective tool. Required Approach: Analytical, with elements of factual description. Points to Remember: NEP 2020’s aims and objectives. NEP 2020’s key features (curricular changes, pedagogical shifts, structural reforms). Positive impacts of NEP 2020 on individual and societal development. Challenges and potential drawbacks … Read more

Discuss the role of ethics and values in enhancing the following three major components of Comprehensive National Power (CNP) viz. human capital, soft power (culture and policies) and social harmony.

Points to Remember: Ethics and values are fundamental to building strong human capital, effective soft power, and social harmony. Ethical leadership and governance are crucial for fostering trust and cooperation. Promoting inclusive and equitable policies strengthens social harmony and enhances CNP. Cultural preservation and promotion build national pride and soft power. Investing in education and … Read more

What is meant by the term ‘constitutional morality’? How does one uphold constitutional morality?

Points to Remember: Constitutional morality is adherence to the spirit and principles of the Constitution, beyond mere legal compliance. Upholding constitutional morality requires individual and collective action. It involves respecting fundamental rights, promoting justice, and safeguarding democratic values. Introduction: The term “constitutional morality” refers to a commitment to the underlying values and principles enshrined in … Read more

What are the basic principles of public life? Illustrate any three with suitable examples.

Points to Remember: Integrity Objectivity Accountability Openness Honesty Leadership Introduction: Public life encompasses the activities and interactions of individuals and institutions within a society’s political, social, and economic spheres. The principles governing this realm are crucial for ensuring good governance, citizen trust, and societal well-being. These principles aren’t static; they evolve with societal values and … Read more

With regard to the morality of actions, one view is that means is of paramount importance and the other view is that the ends justify the means. Which view do you think is more appropriate? Justify your answer.

Points to Remember: The morality of actions is a complex issue with differing perspectives. The “means justify the ends” and “ends justify the means” philosophies represent opposing viewpoints. A balanced approach considers both the morality of the means and the desirability of the ends. Introduction: The question of whether the means or the ends are … Read more

Without commonly shared and widely entrenched moral values and obligations, neither the law, nor democratic government, nor even the market economy will function properly. What do you understand by this statement? Explain with illustration in the contemporary times.

Points to Remember: The interdependence of morality, law, democracy, and the market economy. The role of shared values in societal cohesion and functionality. The consequences of a moral vacuum on social institutions. Examples of moral decay impacting contemporary society. Suggestions for strengthening moral values. Introduction: The statement “Without commonly shared and widely entrenched moral values … Read more

Increased national wealth did not result in equitable distribution of its benefits. It has created only some“ enclaves of modernity and prosperity for a small minority at the cost of the majority.” Justify.

Points to Remember: Unequal distribution of wealth Enclaves of prosperity vs. widespread poverty Causes of unequal distribution Consequences of inequality Policy recommendations for equitable distribution Introduction: The statement “Increased national wealth did not result in equitable distribution of its benefits. It has created only some ‘enclaves of modernity and prosperity for a small minority at … Read more