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(b) Differentiate ‘moral intuition from ‘moral reasoning’ with suitable examples.

Points to Remember: Moral intuition is a gut feeling or immediate judgment about right and wrong. Moral reasoning is a conscious process of evaluating a situation using ethical principles and logic. Both intuition and reasoning play roles in moral decision-making, often interacting. Introduction: Moral decision-making is a complex process involving both emotional and cognitive aspects. … Read more

(b) ‘Probity is essential for an effective system of governance and socio-economic development.’ Discuss.

Points to Remember: Probity’s definition and its various facets. Probity’s role in governance and socio-economic development. Challenges to maintaining probity. Strategies for enhancing probity. Introduction: Probity, encompassing integrity, honesty, and uprightness, is the bedrock of any effective system of governance and socio-economic development. It signifies a commitment to ethical conduct and transparency in all public … Read more

(b) “To awaken the people, it is the women who must be awakened. Ones she is on the move, the family moves, the village moves, the nation moves.” – Jawaharlal Nehru

Points to Remember: Nehru’s quote highlights the pivotal role of women in societal progress. Empowering women leads to transformative change at the family, village, and national levels. The quote underscores the interconnectedness of women’s empowerment with broader societal development. Addressing challenges to women’s empowerment is crucial for national progress. Introduction: Jawaharlal Nehru’s powerful statement, “To … Read more

(b) In the context of work environment, differentiate between ‘coercion’ and ‘undue influence’ with suitable examples.

Points to Remember: Coercion involves direct threats or force. Undue influence involves subtle pressure or manipulation. Both are forms of workplace harassment and are illegal in many jurisdictions. Differentiating between the two can be challenging, depending on the context and individual circumstances. Introduction: A healthy and productive work environment is free from harassment and intimidation. … Read more

What were the major teachings of Guru Nanak? Explain their relevance in the contemporary world.

Points to Remember: Core tenets of Sikhism: Ik Onkar (One God), selfless service (seva), equality, and honest living. Relevance to contemporary issues: social justice, environmentalism, interfaith harmony, and ethical conduct. Emphasis on practical application of teachings in daily life. Introduction: Guru Nanak Dev Ji (1469-1539), the founder of Sikhism, profoundly impacted religious and social thought … Read more

Given below are the three quotations of great thinkers. What do each of these quotations convey to you in the present context? (a) “The simplest acts of kindness are by far more powerful than a thousand heads bowing in prayer.” – Mahatma Gandhi

Points to Remember: Gandhi’s quote emphasizes the power of action over ritual. The quote highlights the importance of compassion and empathy in addressing societal challenges. The present context requires an interpretation of the quote’s relevance to contemporary issues. Introduction: Mahatma Gandhi’s quote, “The simplest acts of kindness are by far more powerful than a thousand … Read more

“Judge your success by what you had to give up in order to get it.-Dalai Lama.

Points to Remember: The Dalai Lama’s quote emphasizes the importance of considering opportunity costs when evaluating success. True success involves a holistic assessment, not just material gains. Sacrifices made should align with one’s values and long-term goals. Introduction: The Dalai Lama’s quote, “Judge your success by what you had to give up in order to … Read more

“If a country is to be corruption free and become a nation of beautiful minds, I strongly feel there are three key societal members who can make a difference. They are the father, the mother and the teacher.”–Abdul Kalam.

Keywords: Corruption, beautiful minds, societal members, father, mother, teacher, societal change, nation-building. Required Approach: Primarily analytical, with elements of opinion based on the quote’s assertion. Points to Remember: The role of parents (father and mother) in shaping a child’s moral compass and values. The crucial role of teachers in imparting knowledge, critical thinking, and ethical … Read more

Ethics is knowing the difference between what you have the right to do and what is right to do.’-Potter Stewart

Points to Remember: The distinction between legal rights and moral obligations. The complexities of ethical decision-making. The role of personal values and societal norms. The potential conflict between legal and ethical considerations. Introduction: Potter Stewart’s quote, “Ethics is knowing the difference between what you have the right to do and what is right to do,” … Read more

“Life doesn’t make any sense without interdependence. We need each other, and the sooner we learn that, it is better for us all.”-Erik Erikson

Points to Remember: Interdependence as a fundamental aspect of human existence. Benefits and challenges of interdependence. The role of social structures and institutions in fostering interdependence. The importance of cooperation and empathy. Potential negative consequences of excessive dependence. Introduction: Erik Erikson’s quote, “Life doesn’t make any sense without interdependence. We need each other, and the … Read more